INTRO TO THE MIDDLE EAST
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INTRO TO THE MIDDLE EAST
WG.4
RHS-WORLD GEOGRAPHY
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HERE IS THE WORLD…
…AND HERE IS NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA
Due to the location, it’s called the Crossroads of Continents: Europe,
Africa, and Asia
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SOUTHWEST ASIA IS MORE COMMONLY CALLED THE “MIDDLE EAST”
NORTH AFRICASOUTHWEST ASIAMIDDLE EAST
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SOME COUNTRIES IN NORTH AFRICA ARE
ALGERIA
LIBYA
AND EGYPT
(Sinai Peninsula)
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SOME COUNTRIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST ARE:
ISRAEL
SAUDI ARABIA
TURKEY
IRAN
KUWAIT
QATAR
AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (UAE)
IRAQ
AFGHANISTAN
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Most of the climate is arid (dry) and semi-arid (partly dry)
DESERTDESERT
DESERT
DESERT
SEMI
SEMI
SEM
I
SAHEL
DESERT
DES
ERT
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Some Physical Features you need to know are:
ATLAS MTS
TAURUS MTS ZAGROS MTS
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
RED
SEA
BLACK SEA
ARABIAN SEA
PERSIAN GULF
STRAIT OF HORMUZ
Bosporus Strait & Dardanelles Strait(SPLITS TURKEY FROM THE REST OF EUROPE)
SAHARA DESERT
NILE RIVERTIGRIS RIVER
EUPHRATES RIVER
•There is also a lot of seasonal flooding, alluvial soils (deposits from the river), and delta regions (like the Nile delta).
•There are also natural water reservoirs likes oases and wadis.
•An oasis is fertile land in a desert, usually fed by an underground spring
•A wadi is a temporary watering hole when a gully gets filled up during the rainy season.
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Many cities are known for their influence on culture and trade
CASABLANCA, MOROCCO
TRIPOLI, LIBYA
CAIRO, EGYPT
ISTANBUL, TURKEY
JERUSALEM, ISRAEL
MECCA, SAUDI ARABIA
BAGHDAD, IRAQ
TEHRAN, IRAN
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Many Areas around the Middle East and North Africa are world famous.
Follow these cultural landmarks. Do you recognize any?
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http://www.fgsd.winnipeg.mb.ca/vmc/swaweb/cc/ccswow6.htm
The Pyramids at Giza
The ancient Egyptians used manual labor and wooden tools to build these magnificent tombs for pharoahs.
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MOSQUES: places of
worship for Muslims. Typical
features are domes and minarets
DOME
MINARETS
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The Hagia Sofia in Istanbul, Turkey. Built between 532 and 537 by the Christian Emperor Justinian I as a Byzantine church, which it functionedas for the next 900 years. In 1453, the Islamic-faithed Ottomans took over Constantinople (now Istanbul). They wasted little time in converting the Hagia Sophia into a mosque. It served the Muslims for almost 500 years. The Ottomans painted over the Christian mosaics - and erected the four defining minarets we see today. In 1934, Turkey changed the Hagia Sofia's status from mosque to museum and uncovered the priceless Byzantine mosaics.
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http://www.sacredsites.com/1st30/domeof.html
The Dome of the Rock
Jerusalem: This Muslim holy site was built on the remains of the Temple of Solomon, a holy site for Jews
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http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~brvs/kaaba.html
The Kaaba
Located in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the Kaaba is the most sacred site for Muslims. A Muslim must take the haj (pilgrimage) to Mecca at least once in his/her life.
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http://www.israel-mfa.gov.il/mfa/go-visual.asp?MFAJ01wh0
The Church of the Holy Sepulcher
Jerusalem: This church was built on the site where Christians believe that Jesus Christ was crucified.
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http://www.igc.apc.org/ddickerson/western-wall.gif
The Western Wall in Jerusalem: Also known as the
Wailing Wall
http://www.sacredsites.com/1st30/domeof.html
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Other notable cultural landmarks:
A “Bazaar” is an open-air market, usually in the center of a Middle eastern town. This bazaar specializes in woven Arabian carpets- verrrrrrry popular!!!!
Bazaars are also called “suqs”
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Cultural Landscapes are old….
Like the many walled cities around the Arab World…
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…and new
Like the oil rigs around the Middle East
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Around the world, people recognize places and culture reflecting the
Middle East.
How many of these did you already know?