Intro to Technology in Business
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Transcript of Intro to Technology in Business
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Chapter 18 and 19
Intro to Technology in Business
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Describe the role of information technology in business.
Name different ways technology has changed the workplace.
Identify how businesses share knowledge.
Describe the parts of a complete computer system.
Name the different hardware components of a computer.
Identify measurements for computer memory and storage.
Explain the various software programs available to businesses.
Learning Objectives
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Why It’s ImportantThe advent and progression of businesses using technology has changed the workplace in numerous ways, often making it more efficient and productive.
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The Role of Information Technology
Information technology (IT) is hardware and software for creating, processing, storing, and communicating information.
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Changes in the Workplace New technology is changing the workplace. Wearable computers, manufacturing technology, and all kinds of specialized software packages make a difference.
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Telecommuting Telecommuting is a work arrangement that allows employees to work away from the workplace.
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Telecommuting The advantages of telecommuting are:• Less commute time• Flexible hours• Improved quality of work• Fewer sick days
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Telecommuting The disadvantages of telecommuting are:• Lack of contact with other workers• Feeling of isolation• Distractions of home life• Lack of supervision• Cost of buying new equipment
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Wearable Computers Wearable computers are small, lightweight computers that workers carry with them.
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Technology in Manufacturing Computer-aided design (CAD) is software for designing products with a computer.
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Technology in Manufacturing When CAD and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) programs are used together, companies can custom design and produce products.
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Technology in Manufacturing Manufacturing plants now are partly or wholly automated. Robots can do hard jobs that were done in the past by people.
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Expert Systems An expert system is computer software that stores and uses knowledge that a human expert would have on the same subject.
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Electronic Information Transfer Electronic information transfer gives businesses information quickly and easily. Many companies electronically transfer paychecks to employees’ bank accounts.
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Electronic Information Transfer Consumers use electronic information transfer, too. The automated teller machine (ATM) at a bank is a familiar tool.
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Electronic Information Transfer The Internet makes it possible to transfer information electronically.
Banking and trading on the stock market online is a growing technology.
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Virtual Training Virtual training allows learners to simulate a real situation through a computer.
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Virtual Training Virtual reality allows the user to “reach into” a three-dimensional scene. A sensitive data glove allows surgeons to practice medical operations without real patients.
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Graphic OrganizerGraphic Organizer
WORKPLACETECHNOLOGY
TELE-COMMUTING
EXPERTSYSTEMS
ELECTRONICINFORMATION
TRANSFER
COMPUTER-AIDED
DESIGN
VIRTUALTRAINING
PORTABLECOMPUTING
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Sharing Business Knowledge Knowledge management is the key to time efficiency and production. New technologies allow a business to communicate with vendors, suppliers, and customers.
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The Internet The Internet is a collection of tens of thousands of connected computer networks.
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The Internet The Internet was made user friendly by the creation of the World Wide Web (WWW, or the Web).
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The Internet The Web is a means of accessing, organizing, and moving through information on the Internet.
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Web Browser A Web browser is a program that makes it easier for you to search and retrieve information on the Web.
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Other Types of Links An intranet allows a company to connect employees with Internet-like technology, but is closed to public access.
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Other Types of Links An extranet is a semiprivate network that allows more than one company to access the same information. It allows different companies to share information and to collaborate.
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Other Types of Links A company can also use the extranet to manage and communicate with customers, vendors, suppliers, and other organizations by secure Web sites.
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Managing the Threats Hackers are people who break into computer systems for illegal purposes. They vandalize Web sites, hard drives, and government files.
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Privacy Issues Cookies are pieces of information about a computer user, which are stored on your hard drive and accessed by a server when the user connects to a Web site.
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Privacy Issues Every time you visit a Web site, even if you don’t buy anything, your personal information can be stored. You can buy software to protect your online privacy.
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Virus A computer virus is a program that infects computer files by copying itself into those files.
Every user needs anti-virus software to protect his/her computer.
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Firewall A firewall is a software program that acts as a security wall between your computer and the Internet.
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Why It’s ImportantFor every kind of business task, from accounting to graphic design, there is a software program available.
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The Speed of Communication Computers have increased the speed of communication. Businesses can access data, send e-mail, or make bank deposits in the blink of an eye.
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Types of Computers A tablet is a hand-held computer you can use as an small computer system.
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Types of Computers In the workplace, the desktop computer can perform countless different tasks. It can be used to: • Type reports• Analyze sales records• Prepare taxes
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Types of Computers In large companies, computers are linked to each other through either a central computer called a mainframe or a network computing system.
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Types of Computers A scanner is a device that reads images, such as price codes, and records or transfers the information.
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Types of Computers Most car repair shops can now tell what’s wrong with your car by hooking it up to a diagnostic computer. Film studios use special computers to produce sound and visual effects for movies.
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Parts of a Computer System A complete computer system consists of four parts: • Software• People• Data• Hardware
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Parts of a Computer System Software is a set of electronic information consisting of complex codes to make the computer perform tasks.
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Parts of a Computer System In order to make the computer operational, people need to be the users. Whether you’re designing, building, or using a computer, it requires your attention.
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Parts of a Computer System The computer translates and organizes data into comprehensible information. Data may be letters, sound, graphics, or numbers.
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Parts of a Computer System The physical components of a computer system are called the hardware. Hardware includes a processor, memory, input and output devices, and storage devices.
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Processors The processor is the brain of a computer. It’s located in the central processing unit (CPU) of personal computers.
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Processors In a personal computer the processor usually consists of chips. The data passes through these chips to other areas to complete the instructions in the computer.
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Memory The computer uses memory to hold all of the data and instructions required during operation.
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Memory The most common type of memory is called random access memory, or RAM. When a computer saves information, the first place it goes is to RAM.
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Memory Memory capacity is measured in bytes. A byte is the amount of memory it takes to store a single character.
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Memory The most common units of measure-ment for computer memory and storage are:
Kilobyte (KB) 1,000 bytesMegabyte (MB) 1 million bytesGigabyte (GB) 1 billion bytesTerabyte (TB) 1 trillion bytes
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Input and Output Devices Input devices accept data and instructions. Output devices return the processed data back to the user or to another computer system.
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Storage Devices Storage devices, such as hard drives, floppy disks, and CD-ROMs, all save and hold information.
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Storage Devices Portable storage devices are also popular methods to store information, since the hard drive is sealed inside the computer.
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Storage Devices ZIP disks and CD-ROM’s are widely used to store information permanently.
External Hard Drives and USBs are also widely used.
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Graphic Organizer
STORAGEDEVICES SOFTWARE
INPUT/OUTPUTDEVICES
MEMORY
PROCESSOR
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Computer Software Software, or a computer program, is a set of instructions that tell computers what to do.
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Word Processing Programs Word processing programs, such as Microsoft Word®, are the most commonly used type of computer software.
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Word Processing Programs Word processing programs allow you to use your computer like a typewriter but with many added features.
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Word Processing Programs Desktop publishing consists of writing, designing, and laying out documents on your computer like a professional publisher.
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Spreadsheet Programs A spreadsheet program is a computerized worksheet. Two of the most popular spreadsheet programs are Lotus 1-2-3® and Excel®.
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Figure19.2 HOW A SPREADSHEET PROGRAM WORKS
A spreadsheet program is the equivalent to how an accountant’s worksheet works. Programs that automate bookkeeping tasks show how to budget and save money.
How could you use spreadsheet software?
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Accounting Programs With an accounting software package, you can keep records, prepare reports, and even write checks on the computer. Peachtree® and QuickBooks® are two popular accounting programs
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Database Programs A database is a collection of information usually kept in a list.
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Database Programs A database can consist of a list of names, supplies, products, or schedules. It can also be used to keep track of inventory and sales.
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Graphics and Presentation Programs
Presentation software is used to produce professional presentations.
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Graphics and Presentation Programs
With graphics and presentation programs, you can take data from spreadsheets and put it in the form of graphs, charts, or figures for visual presentations.
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Graphics and Presentation Programs
Special effects such as shadows, backgrounds, and textures can be added to presentations to make them more interesting.
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Graphics and Presentation Programs
Sound effects, animation, and video clips can be added to make a presentation even more effective.
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Graphics and Presentation Programs
Among the most popular presentation and graphics programs are PowerPoint® and Harvard Graphics®.
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Communications Software Communications software makes it possible for computers to communicate with each other. You need it if you want to send a file to another computer.
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Communications Software With some programs, you can receive faxes and voice mail directly on your computer.
Microsoft Outlook® and Eudora® are two popular communication programs.
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Groupware Groupware, or project management software, makes it easier for team members to work together on the same project.
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Groupware Groupware can be used to track costs, schedules, resources, and tasks. It can also compute the best way to complete tasks, manage resources, and meet deadlines.
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Groupware Lotus Notes® and Intranet Genie® are two of the groupware programs available.
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Web Page ProgramsWeb pages make it possible for businesses to market their products.Macromedia® Dreamweaver and SiteRack® are two of the most popular Web page programs.