Intro to Photosynthesis Green Book – 4.2 and 4.3 Blue Book – Chapter 6.
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Transcript of Intro to Photosynthesis Green Book – 4.2 and 4.3 Blue Book – Chapter 6.
Intro to Photosynthesis
Green Book – 4.2 and 4.3Blue Book – Chapter 6
Reviewing Why We Need Photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis is the process that feeds the biosphere.
• Photosynthesis feeds the entire world either directly or indirectly.
• Sun -> Autotrophs (producers) -> Heterotrophs (consumers and decomposers)
Plant Anatomy
• All green parts of the plant, including stems, contain organelles called chloroplasts.
• Chloroplasts get their color from a pigment called chlorophyll.• There are about a half million chloroplasts per square millimeter
of leaf surface.• Most chloroplasts are located in the mesophyll, the tissue in the
interior of the leaf.– Mesophyll cells each contains 30-40 chloroplasts
• Gas exchange happens through a structure in the leaf surface called stomata. – Carbon dioxide enters– Oxygen exits
Chloroplasts
• All green parts of the plant, including stems, contain organelles called chloroplasts.– A double membrane encloses each chloroplast, keeping
the stroma (dense fluid that fills each chloroplast, sort of like cytoplasm) contained.
– A mass of interconnected membranes, called thylakoids, are housed inside the chloroplasts and are surrounded by stroma. This is where chlorophyll is strored.
– Sometimes, thylakoids are found in stacks. These stacks are called grana.
What Happens on a Molecular Level?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light Energy -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Two Stages of Photosynthesis
• There are two stages of photosynthesis:– Light Reactions– The Calvin Cycle
Light Reactions
• Light reactions are the steps of photosynthesis that convert solar energy to chemical energy.– Chlorophyll absorbs energy from the sun. – Energy is transferred across the thylakoid
membranes through the splitting of water.– Oxygen is released.– Energy is transferred to ATP.
Light Independent Reactions(Calvin Cycle)
• ATP from the light reactions is used to make sugar. This occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts.– CO2 is added to make bigger molecules.– A molecule of glucose is formed and is used to
store energy.
Crash Course - Photosynthesis
• https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/crash-course1/partner-topic-crash-course-bio-ecology/crash-course-biology/v/crash-course-biology-108