Intro to geriatric nsg
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Introduction to
Geriatric
Nursing
Sumi Mathew
BSc N, MSc N,
RN,RM
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OBJECTIVES
• Define gerontology and geriatrics.
• Enumerate factors influencing
aging.
• Discuss the common needs.
• Activities of Daily Living (ADLs).
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OBJECTIVES
• Describe major characteristics of
today’s older population
• Defining terms
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•Aging:
•A Natural Process…
NOT a disease!
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DEFINING OLD AGE
• Chronological age – Exact age from birth
• Biological age - Age determined by physiology rather than chronology
• Functional age – Age in terms of functional performance
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FACTORS
INFLUENCING AGING
• Heredity
• Nutrition
• Health status
• Life experiences
• Environment
• Activity
• Stress produce unique
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COMMON NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGIC BALANCE
CONNECTION
GRATIFICATION
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Activities of Daily
Living (ADLs)
Basic:• Bathing (hygiene, grooming)
• Dressing
• Eating
• Toileting
• Transferring (mobility)
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Activities of Daily Living
(ADLs)
Instrumental:• Light housework
• Preparing meals
• Taking medications
• Shopping for groceries or clothes
• Using the telephone
• Managing home
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Characteristics of
Aging Population
• Typical” older person?• Age 65 start of “old
age?”
• Energetic, vibrant, influential, diverse
• Gerontology -identifies common characteristics, problems, disease processes, & concerns
• Nurse must consider individual differences & characteristics when planning & implementing care
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Definition of Terms
• Ageism - Prejudice, negative
stereotyping based solely on age
• Geriatrics - Branch of medicine that
deals with problems & diseases of
old age, aging people
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Definition of Terms
• Gerontology –Comprehensive,
multidisciplinary study of
aging process & problems of
older people with holistic
focus, including biologic,
sociologic, psychological,
spiritual, & economic issues
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Definition of Terms
• Senescence - Process of aging within cells and organs accompanied by loss of organ function.
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Definition of Terms
• Primary prevention – Activities directed toward the protection from or avoidance of potential health risks
• Secondary prevention – Activities designed for early diagnosis & treatment of disease or illness
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Definition of Terms
• Tertiary prevention – Activities
designed to restore disabled individuals
to their optimal level of functioning
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Gerontology: Complex Field
Encompassing Three Levels of
Complexity
• 1. Normal aging changes
• 2. Chronic conditions associated with aging
• 3. Acute exacerbations of chronic conditions
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Important Qualities of the Gerontological Nurse
Ability to form a therapeutic
relationship with elderly adults
Appreciation of the
uniqueness of elders
Clinical competence in basic
nursing skills.
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Important Qualities of the Gerontological Nurse
Good communication skills
Knowledge of physical & psychosocial changes that
occur with age
Ability to work with & supervise
others
.
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Therapeutic Communication
• Ongoing, continuous, dynamic process.
• Includes verbal and nonverbal signals
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Nonverbal Communication
• Nonverbal communication composes up to 80% of information exchange– Body language– Position– Eye contact– Touch– Tone of voice– Facial expression
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Verbal Communication Guidelines
Do not yell or speak
too loudly to patients – Yelling into a hearing
aid can be disturbing
and painful
Try to be at eye level
Minimize
background noise
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Verbal Communication Guidelines
Touch if appropriate
and acceptable
Supplement with
written instructions
as needed
Avoid complicated
explanations
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Verbal Communication Guidelines
Ask how the patient would like to be addressed
Avoid demeaning terms such as sweetie, honey, or dearie
Use caring responses and careful listening
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Verbal Communication Guidelines
Use open-ended statements
– “Tell me more…” or “How does
this affect you?”
Avoid misunderstandings by
clarifying
– “I’m not sure what you mean…”
Encourage reminiscing
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