Intramuscular Injectionssdc858063671d84c6.jimcontent.com/download/version... · 2016. 5. 13. ·...

Intramuscular Injections

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Goal:

-After giving this review session student/co-worker will be able to confidently administer an intramuscular injection, know sites used for injections, and demonstrate different techniques of giving an intramuscular injection.

-Perform giving IM injections.

-Demonstrate correct technique for giving IM injections.

-Identify equipment used for giving IM injections.

-Demonstrate and explain: Z track method and Air lock technique.

-Demonstrate correct disposal of used needle.

-Explain and be able to identify how the patient tolerated the IM injection.


-In this session learner will be

educated in IM injections-

-Where to give an IM injection.

-Technique for giving IM injection

-Demonstrate different method for

giving an IM injection.

-Equipment needed to perform an

IM injection.


-Equipment needed to perform

an IM injection-

-Syringe 1-2 inches in length.

-Medication to be administered.

-Gloves

-Band-Aid

-Alcohol swab

-Patient

-Muscle where medication will be

administered


-Choosing the site to

administer medication-

-There are several different sites an IM

injection can be given.-

Site determination-

-Stage of patients development.

-Body build

-Physical condition

-Amount of the medication to be

given


-Sites-

Mid Deltoid- common site, upper

arm, 3 fingers width.

Dorsalgluteal- look out for sciatic nerve, given in the butt.

Rectus femoris- right on top of the thigh.

Ventrolgluteal- side of the butt, or on the hip.

Vastis lateralis- outer thigh, in the middle.


How to find sites-


Mid Deltoid-

-Is on the upper arm.

- Take 3 fingers and place them at

the top of the shoulder.

-At the end of the third finger in the

middle of the muscle is where the

injection can be made.


Dorsalgluteal-

-Injection is in the butt.

-Watch out for the sciatic nerve.

-Have patient stand or lay face down with toes pointing inward. (relaxes muscle)

-Divide the buttocks into 4 quadrants; give the injection in the outer, upper quadrant toward the hip.

-DO NOT give to children who are not walking yet. (Muscles are not developed enough)

-


Ventrogluteal-

-Good for adults and small children.

- Find the upper part of the hip.

-Place palm on hip (greater trochater), with fingers point to the ground, and make a very large “V” with your pointer finger and middle finger.

-In the middle of the “V” is where the injection can be done.


Rectus Femoris

-On the anterior thigh, above the

knee.

-Used mostly by people who have

to get themselves injections.

-This is painful, because the

muscles in the anterior thigh are

tense when given.


Vastus Lateralis-

-Most preferred site.

-Given to children under 5 years of

age.

- Patient should be sitting when this

injection is to be given.

-On the outer thigh about half way

between the knee and the hip.


-Technique of Giving an

Intramuscular Injection-

-Check the 5 rights of medication administration.

-Choose the site the IM injection.

-Check the patient for any allergies.

-Gather you supplies needed to perform IM injection.

-Wash your hands.

-Put on gloves.

-Open alcohol swab and in a circular motion, clean area in a 2 inch diameter at the site of the intended IM injection.

-Let fully dry.


Continued…

-Pull skin around the clean site taut.

- take needle in dominate hand between the thumb and the index finger.

- At a 90 degree angle, plunge the needle into the skin in a dart like motion.

-Depending on the site and the condition of the patient, determine how far the needle is going to have to go into the skin to be in the muscle.

-Stabilize the needle with the non dominate hand.

-Use dominate hand to pull back on the plunger and aspirate or blood. (If there is blood aspirated back into the needle, remove and dispose in a sharps container. start from the beginning.)

-Push the medication at a slow and steady pace. Remember to hold the needle as steady as possible.


Continued..

To take the needle out, quickly pull up at a 90 degree angle.

-Make sure to cover the needle immediately after withdrawing it from the skin.

-Apply some pressure at the site with the alcohol swab that was used to clean the site.

-Message the site to help disperse the medication that was just given.

-Cover site with Band-Aid.

-Dispose of needle into a sharps container.

-Throw away gloves and wash hands.

-Observe the patient for signs of any allergic reaction, N&V, or any other adverse reactions that may go along with the medication.

- Always remember to document.


-Different Methods of Giving

IM injections-

-Just giving IM injection and

massaging site-

- Z track

- Air lock


Just giving IM injections and

messaging site-

-Just dose of medication given.

-Message site after to help

disperse medication in to the

muscle.

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Z track method-

-Used for medications that can cause

irritation, can be used for all IM medications.

-Pull skin at the site to the side. - Still give the injection at 90 degree

angle. -When shin is let go and needle removed

the needle track is cut off and the medication can not leak out.

-This will decrease irritation and bruising of the skin.


Air lock Technique-

-Medication is drawn up.

-0.2mL of air can be added to the medication.

-This will ensure that all the medication has been pushed though the needle.

- Still given at a 90 degree angle.

-Make sure medication is given first and the air lock second.

-Seals needle track so medication will not go into the subquncaneaus tissue, which can cause pain, soreness and bruising.


Review-

-Always remember 5 rights of medication

administration.

-Right dose

-Right patient

-Right time

-Right route

-Right medication

-Choosing an IM Injection site that works best for your patient.

(Ex: Infants can not have injections in the dorsal gluteal (butt), In determining a site take into account the patients body build, try to avoid flabby tissue.)

-Different techniques of giving an IM injection: Z track, Air lock.


pulling skin to the side, then giving

the shot, cutting off the needle

track.


2.) How do you clean a site for

injection?


Alcohol swab, 2inches around the

site in diameter, let dry completely.


3.)How do you determine where to

give a mid deltoid IM injection?


Upper arm, 3 fingers down from the

top of the shoulder. In the middle

of the arm. Use patients non

dominate arm.


Intramuscular Injectionssdc858063671d84c6.jimcontent.com/download/version... · 2016. 5. 13. ·...

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