INTO DEEP ICEINTO DEEP ICEWhat does the future hold for Earth’s ice?What does the future hold for Earth’s ice?

(IEEE Spectrum | December 2005| NA)(IEEE Spectrum | December 2005| NA)

ECE 695 ECE 695

Alkesh Patel & Hemant Patel Alkesh Patel & Hemant Patel

IntroductionIntroduction

HistoryHistory Glacier expansionGlacier expansion Glacier movement & shrinkageGlacier movement & shrinkage

Ice on EarthIce on Earth Glacial current situationGlacial current situation Glacial futureGlacial future

MissionMission

To understand To understand The Weather pattern of the EarthThe Weather pattern of the Earth Glacier response to different climate scenariosGlacier response to different climate scenarios

Importance of wireless devicesImportance of wireless devices Understanding the glacier response to different Understanding the glacier response to different

climate scenariosclimate scenarios Collect real time data to develop climate modelsCollect real time data to develop climate models

Tools Tools

Sealed Probe

Circuit Board Radio Transceiver

64 KB Memory, RF Transceiver 433 MHz @ 2mWatts16-bit microcontroller & Real time clock IC

Base Station

TechnologyTechnology

Computer simulation to create model ice-Computer simulation to create model ice-mass motion mass motion

Record environmental observationsRecord environmental observations TemperatureTemperature PressurePressure Electrical ResistivityElectrical Resistivity

Challenges – Tech ExpeditionChallenges – Tech ExpeditionDataData Packet lostPacket lost Corrupted dataCorrupted data Data synchronizationData synchronization

ModelingModeling Glacier activity modelGlacier activity model Climate modelClimate model

TransportationTransportation Commute to research siteCommute to research site Heavy tools – drilling machineryHeavy tools – drilling machinery

Mobile Networking - ProsMobile Networking - Pros

ConvenienceConvenience No wiresNo wires Easier networking between probesEasier networking between probes

Better than traditional wired instrumentsBetter than traditional wired instruments

Useful to study volcanic activities and Useful to study volcanic activities and early warning systemearly warning system

Tsunami detectionTsunami detection

Mobile Networking - ConsMobile Networking - Cons

PowerPower 3.6V Lithium battery – life3.6V Lithium battery – life Restricted use of Probes – 6 times a dayRestricted use of Probes – 6 times a day

Cost Cost Mobile devicesMobile devices

DistanceDistance Transmission rangeTransmission range Data transfer speedData transfer speed

Data transmission water vs. iceData transmission water vs. ice

Future ImprovementFuture Improvement

Making probes exchange data among Making probes exchange data among themselvesthemselves

Ad hoc mesh network Ad hoc mesh network Helps transmit the data if probe is out of the Helps transmit the data if probe is out of the

range from receiverrange from receiver Allow probe to report their locationAllow probe to report their location

ConclusionConclusionPrecise prediction of what Earth’s ice will do in Precise prediction of what Earth’s ice will do in future?!future?!

Development of Mobile CommunicationDevelopment of Mobile Communication

Safety – Alarm system for natural disasters Safety – Alarm system for natural disasters

QuestionsQuestions