Interoperability, why it is important Dr. Ghassem Koleyni FORUM ON NEXT GENERATION STANDARDIZATION...
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Transcript of Interoperability, why it is important Dr. Ghassem Koleyni FORUM ON NEXT GENERATION STANDARDIZATION...
Interoperability, why it is important
Dr. Ghassem Koleyni
FORUM ON NEXT GENERATION STANDARDIZATION
(Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009)
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009
Content
Business approach to products and standardization
Open standards Interworking and interoperability What makes networks not to
interoperate? Functional architectures and interfaces Concluding remark
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Business approach to products and standardization
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Standardization• Problem analysis• Requirement analysis• architecture
Implementation• Pilot project• Full product
Deployment
Business case study
Open standards (I)
Open standards are developed and maintained in a transparent way through participation and collaboration of many organizations, vendors and operators. Open standards consider:
User, business and technical requirementsMulti-service, multi-network and multi-vendor environmentsReuse or integration of existing open standards to the extent practicable
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Open standards (II)
Implementation based on open standards is a major component to support the market
Having interoperable system makes sense and is a good marketing and business strategy
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What is interoperability?
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Recognizing that interoperability of international telecommunication networks was the main reason to create ITU in the year 1865 (International Telegraph Union), and that this remains one of the main goals in the ITU strategic plan;
ITU-T Resolution 76
Interworking and interoperability
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Is interworking the same as interoperability?
No
Let’s see why
Interworking (I)
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The term ''interworking'' is used to express interactions between networks, between end systems, or between parts thereof, with the aim of providing a functional entity capable of supporting an end-to-end communication. The interactions required to provide a functional entity rely on functions and on the means to select these functions. Source: ITU-T Rec. Y.1411
Note: In ITU-T Rec. I.741 term “Interconnection” is used which when examined is the same as interworking
Interworking (II)
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Network Network AA
Inter-Inter-workinworkin
g g functiofunctio
nn
Network Network BB
Network Network CC
Inter-Inter-workinworkin
g g functiofunctio
nn
Interworking example
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Y.1411_F02
Physical Physical Physical
ATM IWF MPLS
MPLS LSP
IWF
ATM
Physical
ATM
Physical Physical
IWF
ATM
ATMIWF
Link Layer
AAL
Upper Layers
VC/VP VC/VP
Link Layer Link Layer
Physical
ATM
AAL
Upper Layers
Physical
Link Layer
MPLSLSP
Stacks
MPLSLSP
Stacks
MPLSLSP
Stacks
MPLSLSP
Stacks
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Interoperability
The ability of two or more systems or applications to exchange information and to mutually use the information that has been exchanged.Source: ITU-T Rec. Y.101
Network Network AA
Network Network BB
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What makes networks un-interoperable?
Lack of interoperability happens when two networks which are implemented based on the same standards (functionally equivalent) can’t talk to each other; or
When two networks (again functionally equivalent) which are to provide similar services are based on two different standards (e.g. one has been implemented based on a proprietary specification and another one based on a global standard
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What is the solution?
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Compliance to global standards
Compliance to global standards
But
Does everyone comply?
Does everyone comply?
Simply no
NGN Generalized functional architecture
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16Source: ITU-T Rec. Q.3030
Q.3030(08)_F 01 S co p e o f N G N
T-6 :In te r-
c o n n e c t io nb o rd e r
g a t e w ay F E
:
S -6 : S . a u th en ti ca t io na n d au th o r iz a tio n F E
S -8 : A c c e s s G Wc o n tr o l F E
N A C F R A C F
R G WC u s to m e rn e tw o rk
N G Nte rm in a l
L e g a cyte rm in a l
A N I
A p p l ic a tio n s
S -11 : U s e r s ig n a ll in gin te rw o rk in g F E
E n d -u s erF u n c tio n
S -3 : In te rro g a tin g c a ll s e s s io n c o n tro l F E
S -1 4 : M e d ia re s o u rc e b ro k e r F E
T-1 7 : T ra n s p o r tre s o u rc e c o n t ro l F E
A c c e s s p a c k e t t r a n s p o r t fu n c t io n s
T-5 :A c c e ssb o rd e r
g a t e w ayF E
S -1 : S erv in g c a ll s es s io n c o n t ro l F E
T-8 :M ed ia
re s o u rc ep ro c e s s in g
F E
T-1 2 : T . u s e rp ro f ile F E
T-4 : A c c es sre la y F E
S -2 : P ro x y c a ll s e s s io nc o n tr o l F E
S -4 : S u b s c r ip tio nlo c a to r F E
S -5 : S . u s e r p ro f ile F E
T-1 6 : P o lic y d ec i s io n F E
S -1 5 : G e n e ra l s e rv ic es c o n tro l F E
N G NU N I
O th e r N G N
R A C F
T-1 4 : A cc e s s m a n a g e m e n t F E
T-1 5 : H o m e g a te w a yC o n fig u ra t io n F E
T-1 1 :T. au th e n tic a tio n& a u th o r iz a t io n
F E
A p p li c a t io n s u p p o r t fu n c t io n s & s e rv ic e s u p p o rt fu n c t io n s(m a y in c lu d e o w n a u th en ti ca t io n , a u th o r iz a tio n a n d ac c o u n tin g )
IPm u ltim e d ia
n e tw o rk s
P S T N /IS D N
C o re tr a n s p o r t
A c c e s s tr a n s p o r t
S er v icec o n tro l
T-1 7 : T ra n s p o r t re s o u rc e c o n t ro l F E
T-1 6 : P o lic y d ec i s io n F E
T-3 : E d g e n o d e F E
S -7 : In te rc o n n e c t io n b o rd e r g a te w a y
c o n tr o l F E
S -1 3 : M e d ia re s o u r cec o n tr o l F E
S -9 : M ed iaG W c o n t ro l F E
T-9 :S ig n a ll in g
g a t e w ayF E
T-7 :T ru n k in g
m e d iag a t e w ay
F E
S -1 2 : N e tw o rk s ig n a ll in gin te rw o rk in g F E
S -1 0 : B re a k o u tg a t e w ay c o n tro l F E
T-1 : A c c es sm e d ia
g a t e w ay F E C o re p a c k e t tr a n s p o r t fu n c tio n s
L e g a cyte rm in a l
A p p l ic a t io n
T-2 : A c c es sn o d e F E
T-1 3 : T . l o c a tio nm a n a g e m en t F E
T-1 0 :N e tw o rk a c ce s s
c o n f ig u ra tio n F E
Man
agem
ent f
unct
ions
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Content Delivery Functions
Content Delivery & Storage Functions
Service Control Functions
Application Functions
End-UserFunctions
IPTV Terminal Functions
Home Network Functions
Network Functions
Service User ProfileFunctional Block
Access NetworkFunctions
Delivery NetworkGateway
Functional Block
H1
Content Preparation Functions
S2
Edge Functions
S4S3
ApplicationClient Functions
IPTV Application Functions
A3
A2
H2
S1
H3
E6
C1
Content Distribution & Location Control Functions
Distribution Control Functional Block
Location Control Functional block
Multicast Delivery Functional Block
C2
E3
D1
T1 R1
Core TransportFunctions
Cache/Storage Functional Block
Distribution Functional Block
Content Delivery Control Functional Block
Resource Control Functional Block
Authentication &IP Allocation
Functional Block
Control Client Functional Block
Content Delivery Client Functions
Unicast Content Delivery Client
Functional Block
Multicast Content Delivery Client
Functional Block
E5-Cu
E5-Cm
Multicast Transport Functions
Unicast Transport Functions
Multicast Control Point Functional Block
Multicast Replication Functional Block
Mc
MdUd
Error Recovery Client
Functional Block
Error Recovery Functional Block
Unicast Delivery Functional Block
E4
SCP Functions
SCP Client Functions
Application Profile Functional BlockM1
A6
E2
C3
IPTV Service Control Functional
Block S5
SADS Client Functional Block
SADS Functional Block
IPTV Application Functional Block
IPTV Application Client
Functional Block
E0
E1
A1
A5A4
Content Processing Functional Block
Reference points in IPTV functional architecture
Source: ITU-T Draft Rec. Q.IPTVSA
Functional architectures and interfaces
Both NGN and IPTV functional architectures clearly identify open interfaces and specify signalling protocols which pass through them
To be interoperable means all devices built based on the same standard have the same behaviour at the same reference point
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ITU-T has produced Recommendations which provide signalling and control
procedures for protocols passing through open interfaces
ITU and interoperability
ITU-T resolution 76 indicates:ITU-T study groups develop the necessary conformance testing Recommendations for telecommunication equipment as soon as possible;ITU-T Recommendations to address interoperability testing shall be progressed as quickly as possible; andAssist developing countries in establishing regional or sub-regional conformity and interoperability centres suitable to perform conformity and interoperability testing as appropriate.
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Interoperability, standards and conformance (I)
Open standards are designed based on common agreement; however, they don’t guarantee interoperability
Verification, conformance and compliance testing should be an integral part of standardization process
Regulatory bodies should encourage and make sure that deployed devices are interoperable
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Interoperability, standards and conformance (II)
Reference points and protocols going through them are the most important players for interoperability
Test suites should be provided to verify conformance
Certified organizations to perform conformance testing are needed
Would be ideal to have these organizations in different regions
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Conclusion
In general, implementations based on global standards should be interoperable
But this may not be true unless tested and certified by reputable organizations
When procuring NGN or IPTV devices, care should be taken to assure interoperability
i.e. products are implemented based on an open standard and backed up by certification from a reputable organization
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Conclusion (II)
ITU-T considers support of interoperable devices a major component of its activities ITU-T reuses open and global standards
Increases chance of interoperabilityMay reduce implementation cost
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Procuring devices compliant to global standards will help ensure
interoperability
Procuring devices compliant to global standards will help ensure
interoperability
List of Acronyms
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AAL ATM Adaptation Layer ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode IWF Interworking Function IPTV Internet Protocol Television LSP Label Switched Path MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching NGN Next Generation Network QoS Quality of Service Rec. Recommendation RFID Radio Frequency IDentification USN Ubiquitous Sensor Network VC Virtual Channel VP Virtual Path
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Thank you for your attention
Dr. Ghassem KoleyniEmail:[email protected] Tel: +1 613 592 5344
BACKUP SLIDES
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ITU-T actions for support of interoperability
Creation of one working party in SG 11 for test specifications
Q.8/11: Protocol Test Specifications for NGN Q.9/11: Monitoring parameters for NGN protocols Q.10/11: Service test specification for NGNQ.11/11: QoS tests specification for NGN Q.12/11: USN and RFID test specification
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