Internship oral presentation
-
Upload
anh-mai -
Category
Technology
-
view
472 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Internship oral presentation
Internship Master 2 ICJuly 5th 2012
Nanopowder Synthesis Nanopowder Synthesis for Solid Oxide Fuel for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells AnodesCells Anodes
CREPE – Faculté de génie- Université de Sherbrooke
Supervisors: Prof. François GitzhoferYan Shen (PhD)
Anh Mai DO QUANG
I. Laboratory Overview
II. Project & Objectives
III. SOFC Fundamentals
IV. Methodology
V. Results & Discussions
VI. Conclusion & Future work
CONTENTSCONTENTS
Anh Mai DO QUANG 2
I.I. LABORATORY OVERVIEWLABORATORY OVERVIEW
Anh Mai DO QUANG
Centre de Recherche en Energie, Plasma et Electrochimie (CREPE)
Mission : develop new materials by using plasma processDirector : François Gitzhofer , ing. PhDResearch themes :• Development of materials for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC);• Synthesis of nanopowder;• Synthesis of new catalysts based on nanoscale materials by using plasma
technology;• Application in nano-structured and new compositions of coating deposition
to improve the performances of aircraft turbines and diesel engines;• Biomedical application (synthesis of bio-materials for prosthetic bones).
3
II.II. PROJECT & OBJECTIVESPROJECT & OBJECTIVES
Anh Mai DO QUANG 4
PROJECT
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) :• Applications : auxiliary power units in vehicles to stationary power
generation with outputs from 100 W to 2 MW
• Advantages : clean device, high efficiency, flexibility in the choice of fuel, internal gas reforming, no moving part…
• Project :
- Work on SOFC anode materials within the NSERC Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Canada Strategic Research Network
- Synthesis of nanoscale material by using plasma technology
II.II. PROJECT & OBJECTIVESPROJECT & OBJECTIVES
Anh Mai DO QUANG 5
OBJECTIVES• SOFC anode material : Lanthane Doped Ceria – Lanthane Doped with
Strontium titanate – Yttria Stabilized Zirconia • Nanopowder synthesis with a pure nanostructured phase of
La0.4Ce0.6O2
• Contribution to the anode coating deposition of a suspension of :– La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 and yttria-stabilized zirconia on a thin disk
– La0.4Ce0.6O2 - La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 - yttria-stabilized zirconia on a thin disk
The coating must be porous, homogeneous and provide a good boundary at the anode/electrolyte interface
III.III. SOFC FUNDAMENTALSSOFC FUNDAMENTALS
Anh Mai DO QUANG
HOW DOES A SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL WORK?
– 3 main components : Anode – Electrolyte – Cathode
– Cathode reaction : O2 + 4e- → 2O2-
– Anode reactions : H2 + O2- → H2O + 2e- CO + O2- → CO2 + 2e-
– Reformer reaction : CxH2x+2 + xH2O → xCO + (X+2)H2
– Operating temperature : 600°C-1000 °C6
Green – Bio – Regular Diesel+ Water
Oxygen
Water + CO2
Electrolyte
CathodeAnode
600-700˚C
e
e e
e e
e
Oe
e
HH
H
HO
2 H2 + O2 = 2 H2O
CO + ½ O2 = CO2O
e
e
Reformer
C
O
OO C
Internal Reformer Supported SOFC Operation Principle
Anh Mai DO QUANG 8
ANODE REQUIREMENTS
– Stable in a reducing environment– Suitable porosity– Thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) similar to the other
components– Tolerance to sulfur (5000 ppm)– Catalytic activity towards electro-oxidation of fuels– High electronic conductivity – Sufficient ionic conductivity
III.III. SOFC FUNDAMENTALSSOFC FUNDAMENTALS
IV.IV. METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY
Anh Mai DO QUANG 9
• Synthesis of LDC powder by solution plasma spraying
Solution of La0.4Ce0.6O2 is made of La(NO3)3•6H2O and Ce(NO3)3•6H2O
Plasma torch Tekna PL - 50
Torch nozzle diameter 45 mm
Central plasma gas (Ar) 27 slpm
Sheath plasma gases (O2) 80 slpm
Atomization gas (Ar) 11.4 slpm
Plasma power 35-40 kW
Chamber pressure 150 Torrs
Solution injection flow rate 5-4 ml/min
Reactor
Filter Unit
Vacuum
Torch
Solution
Porous metal filter
Anh Mai DO QUANG 11
• Deposition of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 – Yttria Stabilized Zirconia on a thin Yttria Stabilized Zirconia disk (~380 µm) by suspension plasma spraying
– Solution of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 + suspension of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia nanopowder.• The solution of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 was made of a nitrate solution of
lanthanum and strontium which was stirred with titanium propoxide and triethanolamine
– Several tests of the disks in the plasma with varied parameters (spraying distance, power…)
IV.IV. METHODOLOGYMETHODOLOGY
Anh Mai DO QUANG 12
• Lanthanum Doped Ceria XRD : First Synthesis
V.V. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONSRESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Plasma power 35 kW
Solution concentration 1 mol/L
Solution injection flow rate 5 ml/min
Anh Mai DO QUANG 13
• Lanthanum Doped Ceria XRD : Second Synthesis
V.V. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONSRESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Plasma power 40 kW
Solution concentration 0,8 mol/L
Solution injection flow rate 4 ml/min
Anh Mai DO QUANG 14
• Lanthanum Doped Ceria TEM : Second Synthesis
V.V. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONSRESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Anh Mai DO QUANG 15
• Coating deposition of LST-YSZ on the thin substrate
Proper deposition way and suitable plasma parameters of preventing the YSZ disks from cracking have been finished
The quality of the coating still needs to be improved
V.V. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONSRESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
Anh Mai DO QUANG
CONCLUSION Lanthanum Doped Ceria powder synthesis : suitable parameters have
been found to obtain a pure phase Lanthanum doped Strontium Titanate – Yttria Stabilized Zirconia
deposition : suitable parameters for the survival of disk have been found but not for the quality of the coating
FUTURE WORK:– Lanthanum Doped Ceria powder : Do the synthesis again– Coating deposition of Lanthanum doped Strontium Titanate – Yttria
Stabilized Zirconia : overcome the thermal shock problem (micro-heater), new substrate
– Do experiments for Lanthanum Doped Ceria – Lanthanum Doped with Strontium titanate – Yttria Stabilized Zirconia
16
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Anh Mai DO QUANG
SPECIAL THANKS TO :
o Prof. François Gitzhofer, for his general supervision and his advice during the internship;
o Yan Shen, a PhD candidate, for following me up during this internship;
o Kossi Béré, the lab technician, for his precious help during the experiments;
o Mingwen Guo, a Master candidate, for his assistance ;o Stéphane Gutierrez and Charles Bertrand for their work to the
sample characterization ;o SOFC Canada for their funding support and for their invitation to
the SOFC annual general meeting at Calgary.17