www.internet2.edu

April 24, 2023

Internet2: International CollaborationsAna Preston apreston@internet2.eduNew Media SeminarUniversity of Notre Dame

Outline for today’s talk

Internet2 International PartnershipsInternational Collaboration HighlightsObservations

Internet2: Mission and Goals

Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies for research and higher education, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s internet.• Enable new generation of applications• Create leading edge R&E network capability:

Supporting advanced service efforts (multicast, IPv6, QoS, Measurement, Security)

• Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet

Internet2 Focus Areas

Advanced ApplicationsMiddlewareNetwork Engineering

• End to End Performance

Advanced Network InfrastructurePartnerships

• Government• Corporate• International

Partnerships:Internet2 International

Strategic importance to Internet2Ensure global interoperability

• of the next generation of Internet technologies and applications

Enable global collaboration • in research and education providing/promoting the development

of an advanced networking environment internationally Build effective partnerships in other countries

With organizations of similar goals/objectives and similar constituenciesMechanism: Memoranda of Understanding

MoU in brief

Provide/promote interconnectivity between communitiesCollaborate on technology development and deploymentFacilitate collaboration between members on applicationsEncourage technology transfer

Asia-PacificAAIREP (Australia)APAN (Asia-Pacific)APAN-KR (Korea)APRU (Asia-Pacific)CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China)JAIRC (Japan)JUCC (Hong Kong)NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand)SingAREN (Singapore)TAnet2 (Taiwan)

International MoU Partners

AmericasCANARIE (Canada)CEDIA (Ecuador)CNTI (Venezuela)CRNET (Costa Rica)CUDI (Mexico)REUNA (Chile)RETINA (Argentina)RNP2/ANSP (Brazil)SENACYT (Panama)

Europe-Middle EastARNES (Slovenia)BELNET (Belgium)CARNET (Croatia)CESnet (Czech Republic)DANTE (Europe)DFN-Verein (Germany)GIP RENATER (France)GRNET (Greece)HEAnet (Ireland)HUNGARNET (Hungary)INFN-GARR (Italy)Israel-IUCC (Israel)NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)POL-34 (Poland)RCST (Portugal)RedIRIS (Spain)RESTENA (Luxembourg)SANET (Slovakia)Stichting SURF (Netherlands)SWITCH (Switzerland)TERENA (Europe)JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)

MoU Partners: Discussions In Progress

Newest Internet2 MoU Partners: Ecuador (CEDIA), CNTI (Venezuela), Slovakia (SANET)America:

• Uruguay, Colombia• Peru, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba

•Europe:• Russia

Africa:• South Africa

Asia:• Malaysia, India

Infrastructure: International

Internet2 backbone networks have no non-US infrastructurePrimarily, our partners’ networks pay to get to the USPeering at major international exchange points in U.S. encouragedNSF provides some funding for 3 international links and one interconnection point

• TransPAC, EuroLink, MIRnet/NAUKAnet, STAR TAP

Sacramento

Los Angeles

Washington

STAR TAP/Star LightAPAN/TransPAC†, CA*net4, CERN, NAUKAnet, GEMnet, HARNET, HEANET, KOREN/KREONET2, NORDUnet, SURFnet, SingAREN, TAnet2

NYCMCA*net3,

GEANT*,HEANET,

NORDUnet

Pacific WaveAARNET, APAN/TransPAC† CA*net4, TANET2

SNVAGEMNET, SINET, SingAREN, WIDE

LOSAUNINET

AMPATHANSP, REUNA, RNP2, RETINA

OC3->OC12

El Paso (UACJ-UT El Paso)CUDI

San Diego (CALREN2)CUDI

•ARNES, CARNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, JANET, NORDUNET, RENATER, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS•† WIDE/JGN, IMnet, CERNet, CSTnet,

09 January 2002

Abilene International Peering (October 2002)

International interconnection points highlights

STAR TAP/StarLight (Chicago)• NSF-funded project• ATM-based STAR TAP• StarLight: GbE switch-based

Pacific Wave (Seattle)• Gigabit Ethernet-based• Seattle• Pacific Northwest Gigapop

AmPATH (Miami)• Includes Global Crossing links

to South America

MAN Lan (New York)• Internet2 project• Site at NYSERNET colo

space?• GbE-switch based

CALREN2 & UTEP• CUDI connections

– Tijuana – San Diego– Ciudad Juarez – El Paso

Other places• Los Angeles• Sunnyvale

Key international exchange points facilitated by Internet2 membership and the U.S. scientific community

Networks reachable via Abilene – by country

Europe-Middle EastAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCroatiaCzech RepublicCyprusDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIcelandIrelandIsrael

Asia-PacificAustraliaChinaHong KongJapanKoreaSingaporeTaiwanThailand

AmericasArgentinaBrazilCanadaChileMexicoUnited States

ItalyLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUnited Kingdom*CERN

More information about reachable networks at www.internet2.edu/abilene/peernetworks.htmlAlso, see www.startap.net

Next Generation Abilene” international update

IEEAF (Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation) transatlantic donations – www.ieeaf.org

• 10-Gbps (unprotected) and OC-12c SONET links ’s from Los Angeles to Amsterdam!

• Now links Abilene in NYC and SURFnet in Amsterdam• Joint effort in time for iGrid2002, Amsterdam (9/2002)• Working collaboratively to extend reach in Europe

–GEANT and GTRN

Global Terabit Research Network (GTRN)http://www.gtrn.net/

Cooperatively, cohesively managed intercontinental infrastructure

• Focus on end to end performance on global basis for global science

Initial partners: • Europe NREN Consortium/DANTE• Internet2

Need global engagement by continent• CANARIE (Canada) engaged• Asian partnership on the works• Any initiative at continental scale

GTRN: Current Infrastructure

•DANTE-provided router in NYC in GTRN AS•DANTE-provided 2.5gbps links across Atlantic to GEANT•Abilene providing tunnel between New York, (Chicago), Seattle•NSF-funded StarLight will provide GNAP

•Pacific Wave hosting GNAP in Seattle•Global NOC at Indiana University

Europe: Connectivity to USA October 2002

Country Network BW(mbps) InterconnectCERN CERN (thru GEANT) Star Light/710 NLSDFrance RENATER 45 STAR TAP/AADSIreland HEANET 465 NYC/STAR TAPNetherlands SURFnet 1244+ Star LightNordic Countries

NORDUnet 622 NYC/Star Light

Russia Naukanet (nee MIRnet) (NSF funded)

155 STAR TAP

Europe GEANT 7500 NYC

Europe highlights

TERENA (Trans European Research and Education Network Association)

• Membership association of National Research Networks (NRNs)

• No network, but technology and applications working groups

TERENA organization undertaking middleware deployment issuesGEANT

• Pan-European network (connects together National Research Networks) ~31 countries

• Operated by DANTE

Europe highlights

Several key global science facilities in Europe: - CERN- radio astronomy facilities

• e-LVBI: “very long baseline interferometry” High speed astronomy data transmission

• Starting October, set of experiments online

- number of ‘grid’ projects European-wideIPv6 focus

• 6Net testbed

GEANThttp://www.dante.org.uk

31 countries connectingOperated by DANTE10gbps core backbone

• Connectors at 2.5gbps and below

3x2.5gbps across AtlanticOutreach to SE Europe (Balkans), Med. (+N. Africa), S. America (@LIS-CAESAR), Asia (TEIN)

Asia: Connectivity to USA(October 2002)

Country Network BW(mbps) InterconnectAPAN/US* TransPAC 622 Tokyo to P. Wave

(NSF funded) 622 Tokyo to Star LightAustralia AARNET 310 Pacific WaveKorea KOREN/KREONET2 45 STAR TAPHong Kong HARNET 45 STAR TAPJapan SINET 155 Abilene, SunnyvaleJapan WIDE (ipv6 only) 155 Abilene, SunnyvaleJapan GEMNET 33 SunnyvaleSingapore SingAREN 155 STAR TAP, SunnyvaleTaiwan TANET2 155 Pacific WaveThailand UNINET 45 Abilene, LA

*WIDE-JGN, IMNet, CERNET/CSTNET, ThaiSARN, SingAREN, TANET, KOREN/KREONET2

Asia-Pacifichighlights

APAN: Asia-Pacific Advanced Network Partner in TransPAC linkSeveral national networks moving to 10GbpsAPAN network made up of country-owned p2p links contributed to APAN Trans Eurasia and Trans Pacific connectivity increasing

TransPAChttp://www.transpac.org

Connections APAN to US

• OC-12 POS Seattle (Pacific Wave) to Tokyo

• OC-12 ATM Chicago (StarLight) to Tokyo

• Together 1.244 Gbps Tokyo to the US

Asia-Pacific what’s coming up?

CJK Hub• Genkai project – GbE between Japan and Korea• Korea – China link?

TEIN • Korea to France link• 45mbps• RENATER managing, European Commission interested in taking on broad European context

250 ㎞

KoreaSeoul

                                        

GbE Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyushu, Japan•KJCN (Korea-Japan Cable Network)

–Starting in 2002.3

–12 fiber pairs with no relays

–Starting from 50Gbps 2.88Terabit

(current traffic volume between KR and JP : about 500Mbps)

Busan

By Koji Okamura

Genkai/Hyunhae

America: Connectivity to USA (October 2002)

Country Network BW(mbps) Interconnect

Canada CA*net3/4 465+ S.T., Pacific Wave, NYC

Mexico RED-CUDI 255 Tijuana-San Diego (CALREN2), Juarez/El Paso

Chile REUNA 45 AmPATH

Brazil RNP2 45 AmPATH

ANSP 45 AmPATH

Argentina RETINA2 45 AmPATH

Gemini/NOAO (funding from NSF) 10 SFGP

Puerto Rico (Arecibo Observatory)

To Abilene-U.S.(funding from NSF)

45 SFGP

America highlights

Canada – CA*Net4

Mexico – IPv6 first native international peering

CLARA• Cooperacion Latino Americana

de Redes Avanzadas• Driven by opportunity to

participate in GTRN, European interest

• Formal organization• European interest/money

– @LIS project, CAESAR study

AMPATH: Florida International University

• Potential to connect 10 countries at 45mbps each

• Global Crossing• Peering through Miami

(collocated with SFGP)• Now has some NSF funding

MX

CU

GEANTCentroamérica y Caribe

AMPATH

America: CLARA highlights

Arcos ActivoPlan Puebla-Panamá en planificación

Africa highlights

No dedicated R&E network connectivity from African continentEuropean Commission funding connections from northern Africa to GEANT

EUMEDCONNECT

Algeria, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, the Palestinian authority, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey

• Egypt: Egyptian Universities Network (EUN) http://www.frcu.eun.eg/

• Morocco: Maroc Wide Area Network (MARWAN) http://www.marwan.ac.ma/

Other university networks, research links

South Africa: Tertiary Education Network (TENET) http://www.tenet.ac.za/

National Institutes of Health MIMcom project

• Satellite connectivity to malaria research sites in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania

• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mimcom/locations.html

Resources

www.internet2.edu/international• Links to most of the networks/organizations listed

ARENA (funded in part by NSF)– Links to research and education networks– NOC and technical contact information– Who connects to which network– Which networks are connected together (peer)– Pathfinder tool draws a path and shows bandwidth from one

institution to anotherhttp://arena.internet2.edu

Contact Ana Preston <apreston@internet2.edu> or Heather Boyles <heather@internet2.edu>

Uses: highlights

The new science: e-science:• Science used to about test tubes, wet labs and big

instruments

• But increasingly science is moving to networks and computers

• Science is more global and distributed

Remote Instrumentation and Data Analysis

Mauna Kea, Hawai’i, USA Cerro Pachon, Chile

Large scientific projects increasingly draw on resources from many countries. Scientists can use high-performance networks for remote instrument control and to pool computing resources for data analysis, improving ease of use and lowering costs.

An international collaboration (US, Australia, U.K., Canada, Chile, Argentina, Brazil)

NSF funds US participation

The Gemini Observatory – Twin Telescopes

Digital Video – Distance Ed

Tele-presence environments•Real-time interactions with very high quality audio and MPEG-2 video• as needed “meetings” connecting faculty and staff across the ocean

Plain and Simple:Language/cultural Exchanges• CCIU World Tour/Univ. of Pennsylvania•Learning foreign languages through cultural exchanges and problem based experiential learning

Summary

Leading-edge, high-performance network infrastructure is being put in place to support science, research, teaching and learning in countries around the worldAs a global community, we need to work even more closely together to ensure support for global applications on an end to end basis

www.internet2.edu

International Partners

The following slides contain more information on some of our Internet2 International Partners.We start with Asia, follow with Europe and then with the Americas.

April 24, 2023

Asia / Pacific Rim

APANhttp://www.apan.net

APAN is Asian partner on TransPAC linkAPAN network made up of country-owned p2p links contributed to APAN

AARNEThttp://www.aarnet.edu.au/

155Mbps• Plan to run

unprotected and utilize double bandwidth

Connects at Pacific WaveSupports academic and research community in Australia

Connections to International R&E Networks

AARNet

Alexandria

Brookvale

Suva

Oahu

WhenuapaiTakapuna

Morro Bay

Hillsboro

Honolulu

Seattle-PNW GigaPoP

APAN

Internet2CANARIEStarTapDANTE

Tokyo

SCCN

AARNet

R&ENetworks

HawaiiSingapore

Source: George McLaughlin, AARNET

CERNEThttp://www.edu.cn/

10Mbps to Japan (APAN) Within China:

• 16x2.5G DWDM system (two lambda’s are currently running)

• OC48 POS links to 8 cities• OC3 POS SDH links to all

provincial capitals (except Lhasa)

• unicast and multicastSource: Xing Li, CERNET

KOREN/KREONET2http://www.koren21.net, http://www.kreonet2.net

Sharing 45mbps link across Pacific to STAR TAP

• KREONET2 is led by KISTI and funded by Ministry of Sci & Tech

• KOREN is funded by Ministry of Info and Comm and operated by Korea Telecom

SINEThttp://www.nii.ac.jp/network-e.html

SINET national backbone network for higher educationSuperSINET for research projects (~14 versus 300 SINET universities)

• 10gbps backbone in Japan

• 155mbps Abilene in Sunnyvale

SuperSINET Sites

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Jan. 2002

Oct. 2002

Oct. 2003

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WIDE IPv6 Connectionhttp://www.wide.ad.jp/

First international, native IPv6 connection

• 45mbps Tokyo to Sunnyvale• Connects to Abilene IPv6 router in Sunnyvale

• DV over IP applications development

–Fujitsu at University of Maryland

GEMNET

NTT Labs-owned and operated network

• Connects NTT Research Labs in Japan

• Plus several radio telescope installations

• Plus U. Kyoto and U. Tokyo

• 2.4Gb/s circuits• 33mbps connection to US,

of which 10mb PVC to Abilene, also to STAR TAP

National Astronomical Observatory

Kashima Space Research Center (CRL)

KSP Miura Station (CRL)

NTT Musashino R&D Center

KSP Tateyama Station (CRL)

Communications Research Laboratory

KSP Koganei Station

KSP Kashima Station

Radio Frequency Signals from Space

2.4Gb/s ATM Network

Usuda Deep Space Center (ISAS)Nobeyama

Radio Observatory (NAO)

SingARENhttp://www.singaren.net.sg/

Currently 27mbps across Pacific• Peers with Abilene in Sunnyvale• 45mbps PVC to STAR TAP/AADS switch

TANET2http://www.tanet2.net.tw/

Recently upgraded to 90Mbps connection to Pacific Wave, Seattle

• Connects select few, high-end research institutions in Taiwan

• Peers with several nets at Pacific Wave

UNINNEThttp://www.uni.net.th/index_e.html

Funded by Ministry of University Affairs in Thailand

• Connects most universities in Thailand• Via 155mbps links• Currently has 10mbps PVC to Los

Angeles• Peers with Abilene in L.A.• Other major net in Thailand is run by

NECTEC (Ministry of Science & Tech funding)

April 24, 2023

Europe

JANEThttp://www.ja.net

2.5gbps backbone in UKConnects MANs – connecting universities

• Supporting UK gov’t funded e-Science projects

Utilizing GEANT connection to peer with Abilene currently

SURFnethttp://www.surfnet.nl/

2x622mbps to StarLight (production)Lambda for research (2.5gbps)StarLight counterpart in Amsterdam

Source: Erik-Jan Bos

CERNhttp://www.cern.ch

Currently behind GEANTSept 2002: DataTag OC48 (2.4gbps) to StarLight

TEN-155 ATM

CERN

CERN PoP Chicago

STARTAP

CIXP

STM-1 POS

ESNET

KPNQWEST

T3 (21 Mb)

STM-1 ATM

STM-1 ATM

T3 ATMCERN - North America, today

Source: Paolo Moroni, CERN

HEANEThttp://www.heanet.ie

Serves the Irish universitiesUsing 2 of several OC3 (155mbps) links to peer in NYCUpgrading backbone to 155mbps

NORDUnethttp://www.nordu.net/

Connects together networks of Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Norway and SwedenReworking 622mbps to New York (plus 155 to StarLight)

Providing transit to RUNNET (Russia), EENET (Estonia), UARNET (Ukraine) and NASK (Warsaw, Poland)

CalgaryReginaWinnipeg

OttawaMontreal

Toronto

Halifax

St. John’s

Fredericton

Charlottetown

ChicagoSeattleNew York

Europe

CANARIEOptical switches

CANARIEGigaPOP

Thunder Bay

Prince George

CA*net 4 nodePossible future CA*net 4 node

Quebec

Windsor

Edmonton

Saskatoon

VictoriaVancouver

CA*nethttp://www.canarie.ca

Currently procuring CA*net4 networkWavelength-basedConnects provincial networks1st Internet2 MoU Partner Source: Bill St. Arnaud, CANARIE

April 24, 2023

America

Mexicohttp://www.cudi.edu.mx

Connecting 41 universities in México; expected 80Connecting to U.S.:- via Tijuana – San Diego (with transit from CALREN2 to Abilene) at 155mbps-100mbps between Ciudad Juarez and El Paso-“Convenios internacionales” with CANARIE, Internet2/UCAID, CENIC, REUNA, RETINA

Brazilhttp://www.rnp.br

Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa - RNP•Connecting ~27 Brazilian states at 155 Mbps.

• RNP2 – AmPATH via DS-3

Brazilhttp://www.ansp.br

ANSP: Academic Network at Sao Paulo

AmPATH via 45Mbps

Argentinahttp://www.retina.ar

Red Teleinformática AcadémicaRed RETINA:• Connecting ~25 institutions• Retina2: via AMPATH

Chilehttp://www.reuna.cl

Red Universitaria Nacional – REUNA•10 POP’s from Arica to Valdivia•155 Mbps ATM/SDH Network•Centrally operated from Santiago• Basic Internet and Internet2 services• REUNA3: Gigabit Backbone Project

Iquique

Antofagasta

CopiapóLa Serena

ValparaísoSantiago

TalcaConcepciónTemuco

Valdivia

Geographical Distribution Geographical Distribution of REUNA2 POP’sof REUNA2 POP’s

National Research Network - CRNet

Costa Ricahttp://www.crnet.cr

15

ARCOS 1

• Internet2 connectivity possibly through Los Arcos