Internet, Web and Freedom
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Transcript of Internet, Web and Freedom
Internet, Web and Freedom
Paolo Massa
http://gnuband.org
http://trentowiki.it
License: Creative Commons (see last slide for details)
Other titles
The browser as your operating system
Life inside Firefox
Navigation and Freedom
Don't put a lot of bullets on a single slide
Put images!!!
This is not a slide you should make
One more line ....
YEEAAAAHHH!
Yep
Wanna make a collective order from Ubuntu shop?Ubuntu t-shirt, and other stuff ...
See https://shop.canonical.com/
Ubuntu explained by ...
... Mandela!
cd /usr/share/example-contents
mplayer Experience ubuntu.ogg
Or via Web http://dotsub.com/films/nelsonmandela
And you can help in translate it!
Summary
Internet (is NOT the Web!)
How to connect
Web Browsing
Privacy on the Web, Viruses, ...
Netiquette?
Course Web page
http://trentowiki.it/ISFGNULinux
Get slides!
Post questions (and answers!!!)
... a Wiki for Trento?!?
Please interrupt me!
Questions?
Interrupt me!
Did anybody say anything? ;)
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Internet
The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible series of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked web pages and other resources of the World Wide Web (WWW).
From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet
History of Internet
The Internet was created in the United States in 1969 by the "United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency" (known as ARPA).
Today, people can pay a fee to access the Internet from Internet Service Providers.
From http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet (when Wikipedia is too much ;)
in the beginning700bc homing pigeons used to carry messages in
ancient Greecewireless is born.1536 the @ symbol is first used by
florentine merchant tran cesco lapi.1837 william f cooke and
Charles Wheatstone install the first railway telegraph system.1861
pony express replaced
by telegraph.1937 work begins on the first digital computer.1951
manchester university take delivery of the first commercial
computer.1956 Ibm release fortranthe first computer language.1876
alexander graham bell transmits first words electronically come
here mr watson I need you - he had just spilt some acid in his lab.
1958 first data transmitted via phone network.1962 first computer
game space wars finished - the joystick would be created later that
year.1963 mouse created. 1965 gordon moore declares computer power
will double every 18 month - moores law still holds today. 1969
first 2 computers connected via ARPANET.1976 the queen is the first
head of state to send an email.1978 first unsolicited junk mail is
sent .1982 tcp/ip protocol introduced .1973 ARPANET joins first
computers internationally .From
http://www.slideshare.net/davidcoxon/geeks-history-of-the-internet/
CC-BY-SA
mosaic browser
firefox
browser
bbc
MSN
messenger
wikipedia
skype
xml
asp
rss
ipod
ADSL
facebookTechnologyApplications
Date
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
0889SitesConcepts
podcastdialup
usergroupscollaborationmash upsdriven by education/research
sectordriven by individualdriven by business?social
networkingcommunitydynamic contentstatic contentinternet
newsgroupsshared content
ajax
napster
MP3 standardblogging
wiki
w3c
quicktime
first macro virus
million th domain name registered
internet worm
released
irc chat
perl
www introduced
ppp
netscapebrowser
virtual bank
2 million
3 million
10 million
apache
aol
hotmail
amazon
yahoo
livesearch
safari
browser
flock
browser
flickr
clusty
youtube
AOL
messenger
friends reunited
.net
http
the last 20 years
Itunes store
css
myspace
flash
javascriptFrom http://www.slideshare.net/davidcoxon/geeks-history-of-the-internet/ CC-BY-SA
Great slides about history of the Internet and Web!
How the Social Web Came to Be (part1)
http://www.slideshare.net/trebor/how-the-social-web-came-to-be-part1
Check them out!
Internet protocol
Internet is NOT the Web (see later)
IP (Internet Protocol) is a set of rules for processing packets of information sent between computers on the Internet. Each computer that use the Internet Protocol has at least one IP address which is like a telephone number for talking to that computer.
This set of rules is like a language, but in Computer science they call it protocol. A board of engineers has defined some of those protocols, which sit on top of each other (that's called layered architecture). On top of the Internet protocol there is the Transport Control Protocol and the User Datagram Protocol (and some others). Below it, there are protocols of the Network layer, like Ethernet.
At the moment there are two versions of the Internet Protocol. One is called IP Version 4 (IPv4), the other one is called IP Version 6 (Ipv6).
From http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol
IP addresses
An IP address is a number given to each computer on the internet. It is like a postal address or telephone number, but for the computer. Internet protocol (IP) defines how communication from one address to another work.
Some computers have the same IP address for a very long time. These IP addresses are called "static IP addresses". Some computers change their IP from time to time. These IP addresses are called "dynamic IP addresses".
IP addresses (ex: 192.34.123.34)
From http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol
Ifconfig
Ifconfig and interfaces
eth0
wlan0
lo
The ADSL modem gives you an IP address, that's it!
IP is a standard protocol, GNU/Linux is great with standards!!!
Modem? A nightmare.
Wireless cards? It depends, check all hardware before buying!!!
History of Web
The World Wide Web ("WWW or "The Web") is the part of the Internet that contains websites and webpages. It was invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
In order to see the world wide web one needs a computer and a computer program called a browser.
From http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web
Web
Html (see it!)
URL (see it!)
Http (imagine it ;)
Https
cookie (see it!)
What is the Web (K)? Where we'll go?
Internet != Web
Internet is NOT the Web!
The Web is not the Internet!
Internet since 1969, Web since 1989
The Web is a layer over the Internet
Email is a layer over the Internet (like the Web)
VoIP (Voice over IP) is a layer over the Internet (like the Web)
Whatever you want to put over the Internet is a layer over the Internet (right, no? ;)
Web proxy
Tunnel through ...
Why?
Can log everything (you are a terrorist, right?)
And my bank password?
Can deny some URLs? In swedish sex means 6 ...
But anyway ...
Can cache for faster access
Are you aware?
Browser and server
On the web there is a client and a server
client=web browser (ex: firefox, Internet Explorer, ...)
Asks for a Web page
server=web server (ex: Apache, Tomcat, ...)
Returns Web pages
Firefox
Show the menus
ctrl+t, middle click open in new tab (tab!) - ctrl+w
ctrl+k (or j) integrated seach engine
firefox like a glove!
sessions
block popup?
Cache / history / ...
customize toolbar
Plugins for flash, java, AVI, ...
Firefox
(spend 90% of your time IN the browser?)
Why freedom is important for the browser?
Freedom is important in the formats (HTML)
page source and HTML evolution!!! copy copy copy!
Freedom is important in the programs
Evolution (make it what you want), check, bugs? ...
Firefox is free software! Tri-license GPL/LGPL/MPL
Firefox Addons
https://addons.mozilla.org (2349 add-ons, OMG!?!)
French restaurant syndrome?
Don't just keep installing: some addons are buggy, slow, ... some are even made by Paolo! ;-)
FoxyProxy, switchProxy
Web developer
Adblock Plus (ad blocker), Video DownloadHelper
NoScript (script blocker), FoxyTunes (controls music players), DownThemAll!, dictionary
Firefox addons and trust
Could this addon take my bank password and email it to Paolo? Yes!
Should I trust this addon? NO!!!!
YOU CAN'T TRUST CODE THAT YOU DID NOT TOTALLY CREATE YOURSELF." - KEN THOMPSON.
Really? Really!
But you can decide to trust Ubuntu's repository. Or your friend's repository. Or Italian Government's repository ... but you must be aware of your choices!
Greasemonkey
Another one did it! (innovation at the edges)
Execute javascript on every page.
Javascript + HTML DOM model and the world (of knowledge) is under your total control!!!
Wow!
Wow?
Wow!
Blow your mind
Bookburro.org
The software is free, you are free to do it. To do whatever pleases you!
Firefox themes
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/browse/type:2/cat:all?show=20&sort=popular
Freedom
This addons madness would not have been possible without freedom
Stop this remix?!? Someone is trying but it's hard. But it's possible. BEWARE!
Policy for linking?!?
Censorship?
World of ends
http://www.worldofends.com/
World of Ends: What the Internet Is and How to Stop Mistaking It for Something Else By Doc Searls and David Weinberger
World of ends
1. The Internet isn't complicated
2. The Internet isn't a thing. It's an agreement.
3. The Internet is stupid.
4. Adding value to the Internet lowers its value.
5. All the Internet's value grows on its edges.
6. Money moves to the suburbs.
7. The end of the world? Nah, the world of ends.
8. The Internet's three virtues:
a. No one owns it
b. Everyone can use it
c. Anyone can improve it
9. If the Internet is so simple, why have so many been so boneheaded about it?
10. Some mistakes we can stop making already
Net neutrality
On Internet and the Web, you can just come up and roll out a service.
Now, quick, give me an example of a network in which you cannot just roll a service.
Net neutrality
Question:
why sending 400 mega videos of my holidays to a friend in Brazil is free
and sending a 100 characters SMS to my friend sitting close to me does costs some eurocents?
Try to explain me this!
Net neutrality
Net neutrality video
http://skytg24.blogs.com/sky_tg24_pianeta_internet/2007/02/net_neutrality_.html
http://www.dontregulate.org/
We don't need no education regulation
Wanna more?
Some more blowminding read about our common socio/tech (or tech-mediated) future:
Code and other laws of cyberspace! Lessig Lawrence
Cluetrain manifesto
Sharing as a modality of economic production. Yochai Benkler
Other browsers?
French restaurant ;-)
Galeon
Epiphany
Mozilla
Flock
Lynx, links2, ...
Opera (PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE! SAY NO!)
Just applications|add/remove and play ;-)
Not only Web!
: Instant messagging (:: pidgin)
: VOIP (skype (is NOT free software) -- Choose wengophone, jabber)
: peer to peer! amule bittorrent (:: ehi, is a copying machine illegal?0
: audio and video streaming
: ssh and telnet
: ftp
: apt-get
: wget (image, avi, ...)
.deb Repositories
IMPORTANT: protocols should be free!!!
Where are we going?
SaaS: software as a service!
Google Operating System?!?
so much time to get rid of Microsoft, now we just jump into Google?!? WTF?!?
Affero GPL version 3.0
Providing code as a service is distribution and the you must share your changes with the community clause triggers
If anything will save our Internet, it will be this license!
What if I have a problem?
If you have the Web fixing small problems with GNU/Linux is easy! Otherwise ...
you have a problem, what you do?
Get the error, copy and paste "between brackets" in a search engine
you get the solution or at least a discussion
Something more ...
How to ask questions?
Netiquette?
DON'T SHOUT! ;-)
Privacy on the Web, Viruses, Reliability
Shall I trust this info I found on the Web? NO. Simple.
cookies, javascript, certificates, https, ... (see in Firefox)
Anonimizers, tor
Socialnetworking? Web2.0?
Trust me!
Bottom line:
Shall I trust this info I found on the Web?
No!
License of this slides
Creative Commons
Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5
You are free:
* to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work
* to make derivative works
* to make commercial use of the work
Under the following conditions:
Attribution. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor.
Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one.
* For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work.
* Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder.
Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above.
More info at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/
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