Internet of Things 2017/2018johanl/educ/5XTD0/IoT-01-Examples.pdf · 13-Sep-17 Johan J. Lukkien,...

13-Sep-17

Johan J. Lukkien, [email protected]/e Informatica, System Architecture and Networking

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Examples

Johan Lukkien

Internet of Things2017/2018

John Carpenter, 1982

Monitoring Energy Use

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July 25, 2017

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January 13, 2017

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Architecture: physical view

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USB

802.3(ethernet)

802.11 (wifi)

to internet

router

transformer

access point

smartmeter

raspberry PI

Architecture: components deployed to devices

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transformersmartmeter

raspberry PI

smartmeter

T-Webserver

E-WebserverReporterRecorderDatabase

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Comments• This is a fairly standard

‘3 tier’ architecture– however, with an

automated process ofdata insertion

– alternatives are obtained by different deployment choices for components

• at different locations on the internet• with significant impact on extra-functional properties

• Two ‘things’ can be seen: the raspberry and the transformer• The situation is fairly static: only clients change• The data can be used to analyze processes in my home: vertical

analytics. For learning general things, multiple homes must be monitored: horizontal analytics

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Sports app

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CES 2015 @ Las Vegas

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• Greatest CE show ever – 3600 exhibitors and 2.2M SqFt

• ‘Calm innovation’– Television innovation: every 3

years a doubling in #pixels/panel (2K 4K 8K)

– ‘Regular’ improvements in speed of processors, memory sizes, bits per second

• Ground-breaking, high-speed innovations: Internet of Things

– putting ICT in everything – and then connecting everything– thus combining everything

• Clouds are loading with data

Music is about having a good time feeling your soul

(Neil Young, about the high-res audio player ‘Pono’)

Consumer Electronics is the way people get to use these new technologies

(Stephen Diamond, keynote at ICCE, talking about next generation networked computing platforms)

Short cycle

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sensor

sensor

sensor

Computation/ Fusion

Actuation &feedback

User APP, user device

Short cycles with memory

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sensor

sensor

sensor

Computation/ Fusion

Actuation &feedback


LocalStorage

Long cycle

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sensor

sensor

sensor

Computation/ Fusion

Actuation &feedback


GlobalStorage

sens

or

sens

or

sens

or

data of multiple users value: knowledge

and $$ for service providers

User APP, user

device Other applications

What about M2M?IoT• System

– is platform: concurrent applications at endpoints

– open, extensible• Protocol

– IP (+ higher) to endpoints– … on top of low resource networks

• Applications– use standard IP protocols– developed separately

• Management– IP management protocols– explicit, requires interfaces

M2M• System

– … is the application– application-specific devices– closed

• Protocol– standardized, for low-resource

networks• Applications

– classes– developed and optimized

along with the entire system• Management

– explicit, built into protocols

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IoT• Install devices with data generation

services• Combine all sources of information

on the subject, shedding light on the entire situation

– including stress causes

M2M• Install devices and applications for

the purpose of the application– typically, including the precise flow

of control inside the system• Accordingly, collect data, process,

and give a stress level output

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Example: activity monitoring for stress analysisExample and pictures from: From M2M to the IoT, J.Holler et al., Academic Press 2014

What makes up the IoT?• ‘Things’ are constrained devices. Constraints pertain to

– memory: static background (flash) and dynamic (RAM)– processing power: #instructions / second– available energy– accessibility, uptime (duty cycling)

• ‘Things’ are connected into constrained networks (typically deriving from node constraints). Network constraints pertain to– low bitrate– duty cycle limits [may not use network more than x%]– high packet loss, and variability – asymmetric links– small packet size– limited group communication primitives

• But then, united with ‘regular’ Internet services and fast networks

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These ‘regular’ Internet Services…• Deal with large amounts of data

– storage• storage clouds

– transport towards storage and delivery (e.g. media, data-applications)

• Content Delivery Networks• Software Defined Networking• Network Function Virtualization

• Support processing– data analysis

• cloud processing– applications must run somewhere

• coordination platform• compute services

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J. Gubbi et al., Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements and future directions, Future Generation Computer Systems, 29(2013), p1645-1660.

In summary• IoT stands for the vision of the Internet of tomorrow

– extending network communication to billions of endpoints– reaching into the physical world, gathering incredible amounts of

detailed information about states and events • (processes, objects, people, environment)

– expanding processing and storage capacities to analyze such data– enhancing coordination and algorithms to use this knowledge as soon

as possible in feedback cycles and new applications– thus connecting the physical and the Internet worlds

– simplifying and standardizing – commoditizing – the corresponding technologies

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Internet of Things 2017/2018johanl/educ/5XTD0/IoT-01-Examples.pdf · 13-Sep-17 Johan J. Lukkien,...

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