Internet and Information Technology...Foldit image: Univ. Washington Center For Game Science;...
Transcript of Internet and Information Technology...Foldit image: Univ. Washington Center For Game Science;...
Internet and Information Technology: Updates and New Developments in IRNC
William Y. Chang Office of International and Integrative Activities
U. S. National Science Foundation Email: [email protected]
Image Credit: Exploratorium.
The past thirty years …
Life Changers The top innovations of the last 30 years, according to judges
at the Wharton School of the
University of Pennsylvania.
The past thirty years …
L
The past thirty years …
Networked Society Computing technologies and human societies co-evolve,
transforming each other in the process
• We are increasingly becoming
a networked society. • Access to technology and information is enhancing our
cognitive and physical
capabilities.
• This trend will be accelerated
by advances in:
• social informatics • assistive technologies • augmented reality • robotics • crowd sourcing • learning technologies
• natural language
understanding • vision and perception • artificial intelligence • machine learning • information retrieval
Social Networks Solving Complex Problems Networks of human minds are taking citizen science to a new level
This is just the beginning of a new field of collective intelligence in
which modern technology yields
new understanding of collective
human behavior and new
methods for problem solving.
Foldit image: Univ. Washington Center For Game Science; artwork by W. Fernandes, Nature, Aug 2010
In 2011, players of Foldit helped to decipher the crystal structure of the Mason-Pfizer monkey
virus (M-PMV) retroviral protease, an AIDS-causing monkey virus. Players produced an accurate 3D model of the enzyme in just ten days. The problem of how to configure
the structure of the enzyme had stumped scientists for 15 years.
Explosive Growth in Volume &
Traffic Diversity 663M registered Skype users in September 2011.
Represents 20% of long distance minutes world-wide. VoIP
Video
Broadband
1988
If Skype were a carrier, it would be the 3rd largest in
the world (behind China Mobile and Vodaphone).
Largest provider of cross-border communication. Recent estimates as high as 60% of internet traffic is
video and music sharing; 35 hours of new videos are
uploaded every minute in 2011; 2 billion views per day.
Expected to reach 500M registered users in 2012.
20% of global internet users have residential
broadband; 68% in U.S. subscribe to broadband.
Today
Remarkable Pace of Innovation
Credit: Intel Corporation
Pervasive Impact
Advances in computing, communications and information technology:
- Underpin our economic prosperity and national
security;
- Serve as a key driver of competitiveness and
sustainable economic growth in an increasingly
global market; - Accelerate the pace of discovery and innovation
in nearly all other fields of inquiry;
- Are crucial to achieving our major societal priorities.
Empower Scientists and Educators making them
- More creative;
- Independent; resourceful - Self-reliant;
Extracting Knowledge from Data
Image Credit: Sigrid Knemeyer
New Tool for Extracting Knowledge
from Large Data Sets: A new statistical tool, part of a suite called MINE, can tease
out multiple patterns hidden in health information from around the globe,
statistics amassed from major league baseball, data on bacterial biodiversity,
and much more. (Michael Mitzenmacher,
Harvard with researchers from the Broad
Institute)
Forecasting Tornadoes: Parallel
computing, data mining, and meteorology
are being used to determine tornado
formation and more reliable tornado
forecasting. (Amy McGovern and Kevin
Droegemeier, University of Oklahoma)
Image Credit: Bob Wilhelmson, NCSA and the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign; Lou Wicker, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Severe Storms Laboratory; Matt Gilmore and Lee Cronce, University of Illinois atmospheric science department. Visualization by Donna Cox, Robert Patterson, Stuart Levy, Matt Hall and Alex Betts, NCSA
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HPC/Advanced Computing
Software
Data
Networking and Cybersecurity*
Learning and Workforce Development
CIF21
CIF21
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(Post NSFnet) Brief History of NSF Investments in Network Infrastructure
vBNS and High Performance Connections Program (HPNC) – 1995-2003
National backbone and connections
International Networking (IRNC) – 1997 – present
Connecting US to the world
NSF investments in global r&e networking date back > 20 years
Experimental Infrastructure Networking (EIN) - 2003
“Academic Research Infrastructure Program – Recovery and Reinvestment” - 2009 Subset: Optical exchange, regional networking upgrades
EPScOR – Research Infrastructure Improvement (RII) – 2011
Inter-campus, intra-campus connectivity
STCI program (2011 – “100G Connectivity for Data-Intensive Computing at JHU”, Lead PI: Alex Szalay)
CC-NIE 2012, CC-NIE 2013
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International Research Network Connections (IRNC)
Goals:
Provide network connections linking U.S. research with peer networks in other parts of the world
Stimulate the deployment and operational understanding of emerging network technology and standards in an international context
Support science and engineering research and education applications
http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=503382
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Global Network Guiding Principles
Global coordination, planning, rationalization, governance and coordinated investments (e.g. simultaneous calls, joint calls)
Open exchange points: “policy-light” operation of open exchange points allowing for bi-lateral peering at all layers, open transit
End-to-end interoperability to ensure end-to-end visibility and interoperability across appropriated links and paths
Development of a coordinated strategy by key scientific funding agencies to meet the international networking needs of science, engineering and education for the next 10 years.
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Global topology
Bigger Pipes + Campus Networking to Enhance U.S. Science & Education
• re-architecting the campus border [longer term
~ re-engineering trust relationships]
• how your campus networking plans fit into the
broader cyberinfrastructure strategy for your
campus – campus CI Plan
• driving partnerships between scientists and
campus IT – enabling science and education
* end-to-end perspective on networking and performance
Bigger pipes + local Asian connections (e.g. APAN) to empower regional students, scientists and educators for enhancing international science & education cooperation
• Enhance interconnection with regional ( e.g.
APAN) and local networks to provide tools
for students, scientists and educators
• Drive partnerships between regional
scientists
• Enable science and education cooperation * end-to-end perspective on networking and performance
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Education, Health, and Disaster Mitigation
Thank You!