INTERNATIONAL TRUST FUND FOR DEMINING AND MINE VICTIMS ASSISTANCE

Technology exchange as a measure of integration and confidence building in Humanitarian Mine Action in the Mediterranean region Dorijan MariITF Director

ITF BACKGROUNDEstablished in 1998 by Slovenian government;Humanitarian, non-profit organisation;Gradually widened geographical area of its activities;Focus on South East Europe with prospects of strengthening its role outside SE Europe;U.S. Matching Fund Mechanism for South East Europe;New Strategy adopted in 2009

ITF STRUCTURE 1999 opened implementation office in Bosnia and Herzegovina; 2001 opened implementation office in Croatia; 2001-2003 Temporary Implementation Office in Macedonia; 2006 temporary implementation office in Azerbaijan in 2009 moved to Georgia.

ITF GOALS

The ITF shall work with national authorities and in partnership with donors, NGOs, the private sector, international and regional organisations and others Goal 1. to reduce the humanitarian and socio-economic threats from landmines and ERW.

Goal 2. to reduce the threats to human security from post-conflict challenges other than landmines and ERW, and to support conventional weapons destruction programmes.

Goal 3. to reduce the threats to human security from disruptive challanges.

ITF vision is a world free of the threat from post-conflict challenges, including landmines, explosive remnants of war (ERW) and the illicit ownership and use of SALW, and where the security of individuals and communities is assured.ITF VISION

ITF STRATEGY 2009 - 201320092010201120122013Goal 1Goal 2Goal 3

Mine / UXO clearance (demining, technical survey and battle area clerance);Mine / UXO victims assistance;Mine risk education / awareness;Support to national mine action capacities;Mine action related training;Regional cooperation through joint projects and SEEMACC / RASR;Destruction of stockpiled ammunition;Interconnect mine action projects within wider development projects.ITF ACTIVITIES

REGIONS OF ITF ACTIVITIES South-Eastern Europe:AlbaniaBosnia and HerzegovinaCroatiaFYR MacedoniaSerbiaUNMIK/KosovoMontenegro

South Caucasus:ArmeniaAzerbaijanGeorgia

Central Asia andproximity countries:TajikistanAfghanistan* Middle East:Gaza StripIraqJordan*Lebanon

Other Regions:ColombiaCyprus*

*Temporarily no active projects.

ITF DONOR COMMUNITY PUBLICDONORS...PRIVATEDONORS...

ITF TREND OF DONATIONS 1999-2010 (2015) By January 2011 a total of 329.994.183,91 USD raised. Donors: 28 countries, EU and UNDP, over 10 local authorities and over 70 international organizations, private companies, non-governmental organizations and individuals.

329.994.183,91 USD of donations raised by ITF 107.980.060 square metres of land in SE Europe and the South Caucasus cleared through ITF 69.660 mines and UXO found and destroyed in the region of SE Europe 40.000 and more children and adults included in MRE projects on yearly basis through ITF 2.565 completed projects 1.076 mine survivors rehabilitated through ITF 800 individuals trained in the field of Mine Action (MVA, humanitarian demining, management) 130 plus public and private donors 28 donor countries 18 beneficiary countries/areas 4 countries Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Albania achieved Mine Free status 1 regional MA body SEEMACCITF SHORT RECORD OF ACHIEVEMENTS(1998 2010)

Europe Spain France Monaco Malta Italy Slovenia Croatia BH Montenegro Albania Greece Turkey Cyprus Asia Syria Lebanon Israel Africa Egypt Lybia Tunisia Algeria Morocco. Note: countries are listed in order clockwise around the Mediterranean Sea.

COUNTRY / SITUATIONSPAINFRANCEMONACOMALTAITALYSLOVENIACurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationMine /UXO contaminated area////Minor UXO contaminationMinor UXO contaminationERW contaminated area//////Cluster munition (CM) contaminated area///small threat //No. of mine / UXO / ERW / CM casualties///1//Stockpile1.797 AP mines;862 CM (training and development purposes)4.539 AP mines (training and development purposes); 35.000 CM (destruction phase)//674 AP mines (training and development purposes); CM (no precize data destruction phase)1.991 AP mines (training and development purposes); 1.080 CM (destruction phase)

COUNTRY / SITUATIONCROATIABOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINAMONTENEGROALBANIAGREECETURKEYCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationMine/UXO contaminated area887 km2 1.482 km20 (MINE FREE), 0,03 km2 UXO/ERW 0 (MINE FREE), 0,53 km2 UXO/ERW + GerdecBorder area with TurkeyMajor extent on border areas, especially with Syria-179 km2ERW contaminated areaYes (no precize data)Over 1 km2400 km2 areas suspected with ERW/UXO in 2008Yes (no precize data)Cluster munition (CM) contaminated area4,27 km2 12 km20,25 km2CM FREE//No. of mine / UXO / ERW / CM casualties At elast 1.920 (1991-2009), 1.420 survivors alive in 2010At least 7.431 (1992-2009), 5.703 survivors alive in 2010Unknown, 260 survivors alive in 2004Unknown, 824 survivors alive in 2010At least 108 (1999-2008), number of survivors alive is unknownAt least 6.360 (1984-2009), number of survivors alive is unknownStockpile6.038 AP mines (training and development purposes);CM (no precize data destruction phase)2.239 AP mines (training and research purposes), CM (no precize data)273 CM (destruction phase)90 million kg of surplus dangerous munitions6.158 AP mines (training and development purposes); CM (no precize data)15.100 AP mines (training and development purposes); CM (no precize data)

COUNTRY / SITUATIONCYPRUSSYRIALEBANONISRAELEGYPTLIBYACurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationMine /UXO contaminated area8 km2Heavily contaminated Golan Heights + other areas74 km233 km22.680 km2 (no reliable figures)Yes (unknown extent)ERW contaminated areaMinor limited contaminationYes (no precize data)Yes (no precize data)Yes (across military training areas in Negev region)Yes (eastern areas)Yes (unknown extent)Cluster munition (CM) contaminated area/Yes (no precize data)23 km2Not knownYes (unknown extent)Yes (unknown extent)No. of mine / UXO / ERW / CM casualtiesAt least 8 (1999-2009), number of survivors alive is unknown601 (1967-2010), 210-330 survivors alive in 20083.857 (1975-2009) 2.897 survivors alive in 20107 (1999-2009), number of survivors alive is unknownAt least 8.313 (since 1982), 900 survivors alive in 2010Different figures up to 12.258, several thousand survivors alive in 2010Stockpile994 AP mines (training and development purposes)Mines and CM (no precize data on extent)Mines for trainings (less than the max number permitted by the Mine Ban Treaty)AP mines and CM (unknown extent)Large mine stockpile; CM (unknown extent)No mines (statement of Libya), CM (unknown extent)

COUNTRY / SITUATIONTUNISIAALGERIAMOROCCO*Source: Landmine Monitor Report 2008-2010Current SituationCurrent SituationCurrent SituationMine/UXO contaminated areaReported mine free (2009), but problem still existsYes (unknown extent) border areas and north pf the country120.000 km2contaminated with mines/ERWERW contaminated areaSignificant contamination (unknown extent)Yes (unknown extent)Cluster munition (CM) contaminated areaNot knownNo evidence for thatYes (unknown extentNo. of mine / UXO / ERW / CM casualtiesAt least 16 (1999-2009), at least 15 survivors alive in 20096.762 (1962-2009), 3.526 survivors still living in 20092.187 (1975-2008), 1.643 survivors still living in 2009Stockpile4.975 AP mines (training and development purposes); Possible CM5,970 AP mines (training purposes); CM (unknown extent)AP mines for training and peacekeeping operations; CM (unknown extent)

REGIONAL COOPERATION IN MINE ACTIONRegional cooperation: Exchange of experience, expertise and know how.

Resources: Cooperation prevents the duplication of resources and effortsfinancial, physical, material and human. Coordination and information: Interaction facilitates the exchange of effective and efficient solutions to unique or similar landmine problems. Social: Social networking and confidence building between counterparts in the region encourages currentas well as futurecooperation efforts. Capacity-building: Cooperation augments institutional capacities, and if established institutions can help those with less experience and stability. Cross-cutting: Mine-action activities can aid other regional issues, such as border security, development and commerce.

Regional humanitarian demining projects - cross-border clearance(Albania& Bosnia and Herzegovina & Croatia & Montenegro & Serbia)Donors: European Union, United States Regional institutional capacities structure support (MDDC, RCUD, CROMAC CTDT, GIS...)Donors: European Union, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, United StatesRegional trainings (humanitarian demining & EOD, underwater EOD, Management Trainings, GIS, rehabilitation & victim assistance, IPDET...)Donors: ER, the Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Slovenia and U.S.Regional workshops, conferences and other (various fields: MDD, VA, mech. clearance, RASR, SEEMACC, CAMACC, confidence building, Telemedicine, AI DSS)Donors: EU, Canada, the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, OSCE OiT, Slovenia and US.

OVERVIEW OF ITF REGIONAL PROJECTS

in November 2000 on the initiative of countries of South-Eastern Europe (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Albania) and ITF establishment of South East Europe Mine Action Coordination Council SEEMACC.Plays an important role in coordination of joint projects in the region of SEE and is becoming a role model of regional cooperation throughout the world. In 2009, OSCE endorsed the idea of establishing the Central Asian Mine Action Coordination Council and a multi-phase project of establishment is now undergoing.Actively involved in US Department of State initiative Regional Approach to Stockpile Reduction in the region of SEE (RASR)

SEEMACC, CAMACC, RASR

Exchange of experience, expertise and know-how in the field of mine action in the region of South East Europe;Promote the regional approach in the planning of demining programs;Promote the regional approach in the fund raising for mine action; Exchange experience, expertise and knowledge in the field of training of the deminers and managing personnel in the field of mine action;Exchange information on testing of the new technologies in demining;Promote the achievement of common standards and accreditation procedures in the field of demining in the region of South East Europe.

SEEMAC GOALS

REGIONAL COOPERATIONCroatiaBosnia and Herzegovina SEEMACCKazakhstan

GAZA STRIP Initiative by Slovenian President Dr. Danilo Trk Implementing Partner University Rehabilitation Institute Republic of Slovenia (URI-Soa) After last conflict 1.314 casualties and 5.380 injured 1872 children/800 women ITFrehabilitated 63 children in Slovenia and trained 10 local physiotherapists In preparation a 5-year plan to develop and support local rehabilitation capacities in Gaza Strip

TELEMEDICINE NETWORK IN MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES Program aims to create a sophisticated and integrated multinational Middle Eastern Telemedicine Network for application of telemedicine and advanced technologies in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of victims of landmines and unexploded ordnance, improvised explosive devices and other causes of trauma and major injuries. ITF, League of Arab States and Embassy of the Republic of Slovenia in Cairo organized Conference Telemedicine, Mine Action and Developmentin September 2010 at the Headquarters of the League of Arab States in Cairo, where program was presented to relevant stakeholders and potential donors.ITF is still raising funds to implement this project.

REGIONAL MINE SUSPECTED AREA REDUCTION PROGRAMME In order to diminish enormous surfaces of mine suspected areas (MSA) in SEE and elsewhere the Croatian scientific community in partnership with ITF, CROMAC and CROMAC Centre for Testing, Development and Training Ltd. (CTDT) developed a unique Decision Support System for MSA Reduction.Advanced Intelligence DSS) is the first fully operational solution for the assessment of the MSA, based on the airborne and space borne remote sensing combined with advanced intelligence methodology, which passed stringent operational validation. Ratio of CROMACs conventional technology cost to the cost of AI DSS technology 141.83 : 1.Used in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia.

Humanitarian demining includes activities that lead to the removal of mine and UXO hazards, including technical survey, mapping, clearance, marking, post-clearance documentation and handover of cleared land.

Manual demining: mines are manually detected and neutralized by a human deminers (using metaldetectors and long thin prodders).

The use of dogs: dogs detect the presence of explosives in the ground by smell. Dogs are used in combination with human deminers.

Mechanical demining: use of mothorized mine-clearers, flails, rollers, vegetation cutters and excavators.

CONVENTIONAL CLEARANCE METHODS

The use of animals, insects and bacteria :Rats, bees, pigs and genetically engineered bacteria.

Robots and humanitarian demining: this method is still developing. Demining robots face two major challenges: First they must be able to traverse rough terrain and secondly their costs have to be competitive to current manual demining procedures.

MODERN CLEARANCE METHODS

Cross border demining / UWO / ERW clearance;Victims assistance;Risk education;Structure support;Mine action related trainings and workshops;Advance Intelligence Decision Support System for MSA Reduction.Technology exchange is applicable to all above mentioned projects

Encouraging regional cooperation is an important confidence-building measure, particularly in countries emerging from conflict.

POSSIBLE REGIONAL PROJECTS IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION

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**1999 opened implementation office in Bosnia and Herzegovina2001 opened implementation office in Croatia2001-2003 temporary implementation office in Macedonia2006 temporary implementation office in Azerbaijan

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