International Microgravity Plasma Facility John Goree The University of Iowa.
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Transcript of International Microgravity Plasma Facility John Goree The University of Iowa.
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
International Microgravity Plasma Facility
John Goree The University of Iowa
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
plasma = electrons + ions Plasma
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What is a dusty plasma?
D
• Debye shielding
small particle of solid matter
• becomes negatively charged
• absorbs electrons and ions
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Other names for Dusty Plasmas
• Complex plasmas (analogy to complex fluids)
• Fine-particle plasmas
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Solar system• Rings of Saturn• Comet tails
Basic physics• Coulomb crystals• Waves
Manufacturing• Particle contamination
(Si wafer processing)
• Nanomaterial synthesis
Who cares about dusty plasmas?
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF9 0 9 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 7 9 8 9 9 *
*1999 publications are morenumerous than shown here.At the time this figure was prepareddata was available onlyfor Jan - Oct. 1999
0
80
160 9 months data in 1999
Rapid Growth of this Scientific Field:Dusty plasma publications
in APS & AIP journals
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
polymer microspheres
8 m diameter
Particles used in Basic Physics Experiments
separation a 0.5 mm
charge Q - 104 e
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Forces Acting on a Particle
Coulomb
QE
Other forces:• Gas drag• Ion drag• Thermophoresis• Radiation Pressure
Gravity
mg
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Electrostatic trapping of particles
Equipotentialcontours
electrode
electrode
positive
potential
electrode
electrode
With gravity, particles sediment to high-field region 2-D layer
Without gravity, particles fill 3-D volume
QE
mg
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Gravity severe sedimentation
on Earth, 2-D experiments only
Microgravity enables 3-D experiments
Need for microgravity
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
• International Advisory Board formed
2000
• Pre-Development Phase B started
• DLR funds Phase A feasibility study
History of IMPF
1999
• Proposal to ESA by PI Greg Morfill
result: one of six rated excellent
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
13 members 13 members
9 countries9 countries
7 meetings 5/99 - 5/017 meetings 5/99 - 5/01
International Advisory Board for IMPF
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Predecessor microgravity experiments
2000 - Mir Russian “High Energy Density Research Center”
1996-1998 Sounding rockets Morfill et al., PRL 1999
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Predecessor microgravity experiments
PKE - Plasma Kristall Experiment
1999 - Parabolic flight tests
2000-01 - ISS• Feb. 2001 - launch• 2001 - the 1st physical sciences
experiment on ISS
PKE flight hardware with 1st & 3rd ISS crews
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
PKE vacuum chamber
insulator
ground
plasm a&
particles
ground
ground
rf electrode
fieldof
view
dust dispenser
Cameras for imaging
particles
Laser sheets for illuminating particles
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
PKE
Purpose:
Study 3D dusty plasmas:
– fundamental structure
– dynamics of melting and freezing phase transitions
Who:
Germany:
PI G. Morfill (Max-Planck Institute)
Russia:
High-Energy Density Research Center, Moscow
NASA-funded co-I: John Goree (U. of Iowa)
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
PKE timeline
2/26/01 Launched (Progress)
3/01 – 5/01 First experiments (40 hours)
10/01 Next series of experiments
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
PKE Results
particles
Crystal beginning to anneal
void
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
PKE - Results
Coalescence of two suspensions
(A sequence of video frames is shown here, as the plasma power was decreased)
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
Scope of IMPF Science Projects
Basic science:
• Melting
• Self-organization
• Waves
• Shocks
• Defect dynamics
• Few-body systems
• much more ...
Applications:
• Particle coating
• Nanoscale mfg.
• Particle growth
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
International AO
• Released Oct. 2000 by NASA, ESA, NASDA, CSA
• For Physical Sciences PI’s to use ISS instruments belonging to other countries
• 117 proposals were received (U.S. + Europe + Japan + Canada)
• The top 3 proposals (according to scientific merit in the peer review process) were from IMPF users
International Microgravity Plasma FacilityIMPFIMPF
www.microgravity.netwww.microgravity.net