International Economic Conference of Sibiu · International Economic Conference of Sibiu 17-18 May...

PROCEEDINGS

International Economic Conference of Sibiu

17-18 May 2013, Sibiu, Romania

"POST CRISIS ECONOMY: CHALLANGES

AND OPPORTUNITIES"

Hosted by

Faculty of Economic Sciences

Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

Scientific Committee Dan Popescu, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania

Jaime Gil Aluja, Real Academia de Ciencias Económicas y Financieras

Jari Appelgren, Karlstad University, Sweden

Damla Ayhan, Istanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, Turkey

Djordje Comic, College for Hotel Management Belgrade, Serbia

Drago Cvijanović, Institute of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade

Wim Buekens, University College Gent, Belgium

Anya Diekmann, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium

Comic Dorde, Novi Sad University, Serbia

Liviu Florea, Washburn University, USA

Charles R. Franz, University of Missouri, USA

Franco Gandolfi, School of Business, California Bapist University, USA

Janusz Grabara , Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Management, Poland

Lilia Grigoroi, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova

Liviu Iftode, Rutegers University, USA

Livia Ilie, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

Vincent Meyer, Universite de Lorraine, France

Liviu Mihaescu, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

Michael Miles, Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa - Director MBA Program, Canada

Jean-Michel Josselin, University of Rennes, France

Ioana Negru, Anglia Ruskin University, UK

Irina Knyazeva, Siberian Institute of Management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public

Administration , Russia

Alexandre Kostov, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria

Lars Pilz, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Greg Richards, University of Tilburg, Netherlands

Ioan-Franc Valeriu, Romanian Academy National Institute of Economic Research Costin C. Kititescu

All the papers of the present volume where peer reviewed by two independent reviewers of The Scientific

Committee of the IECS 2013 Conference. Acceptance was granted when both reviewers’

recommendations were positive. All papers were presented at the IECS 2013 Conference. The papers of

this volume are full responsibility of the authors.

Web: http://iecs.ulbsibiu.ro

ISSN 2344 – 1682

ISSN–L 2344 – 1682

Copyright © 2013, Lucian Blaga University Publishing House

All the copyright of the present volume belongs to the International Economic Conference of Sibiu –

IECS 2013, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu. All rights reserved

Contents HOW WILL BE THE FUTURE OF REGIONAL POLICY IN EUROPEAN UNION? .......................... 13

ANTONESCU Daniela .......................................................................................................................... 13 NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE BUSINESS MODEL IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT....................................................................................................................................... 18 BELAŞCU Lucian .................................................................................................................................. 18 BUDAC Camelia .................................................................................................................................... 18 BALTADOR Lia Alexandra .................................................................................................................. 18

THE ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL DISCREPANCIES ON THE ROMANIAN LABOR MARKET

USING THE BEVERIDGE CURVE ......................................................................................................... 24 BÎLBÎE Ioana ......................................................................................................................................... 24 BRĂTUCU (LUCA) Alina ..................................................................................................................... 24

GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS: ISSUES AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT ............. 34 BOCCIA Flavio ...................................................................................................................................... 34 ARDELEANU Monica Patricia ............................................................................................................. 34 STEFAN Marcela ................................................................................................................................... 34

BLURRED BORDERS AND THE MACRO-RISK OF DOING BUSINESS IN CENTRAL AND

EASTERN EUROPE.................................................................................................................................. 40 BODISLAV Dumitru-Alexandru ........................................................................................................... 40

A POSSIBLE PARADIGM FOR THE CAPITALISATION STRATEGY OF NATURAL RESOURCES

IN ROMANIA ............................................................................................................................................ 48 BRAN Florina ........................................................................................................................................ 48 POPA Daniela ........................................................................................................................................ 48 IOAN Ildiko ........................................................................................................................................... 48

IMPACT OF SOME LABOUR MARKET INDICATORS ON FERTILITY. AN ANALYSIS OF 26

COUNTRIES DURING 2000 AND 2010 .................................................................................................. 55 CAPLESCU Raluca ................................................................................................................................ 55

ROMANIAN AUTOMOTIVE MARKET IS GOING DOWN THE DRAIN ........................................... 64 CÂRSTEA Vlad ..................................................................................................................................... 64

USING KEY RISK INDICATORS FOR MANAGING THE SOLVENCY RISK .................................. 68 CHIRIŢĂ Nora Monica .......................................................................................................................... 68 BRADEA Ioana-Alexandra .................................................................................................................... 68 POPESCU Bianca .................................................................................................................................. 68

UP-GROWTH OF THE RETIRING PENSION POINT VALUE AND ITS ECONOMIC WEIGHT ON

THE AVERAGE WAGE ........................................................................................................................... 75 COLOMEISCHI Tudor .......................................................................................................................... 75 GRADINARU Dorin .............................................................................................................................. 75

ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION’S STATE OF HEALTH IN THE ROMANIAN URBAN AND

RURAL AREAS DURING THE ECONOMIC DEPRESSION ................................................................ 80 CREŢU Raluca Florentina ..................................................................................................................... 80 CREŢU Romeo Cătălin .......................................................................................................................... 80 BIBICIOIU Sorin ................................................................................................................................... 80

THE ETERNAL DILEMMA OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE WITH GOODS AND SERVICES –

FREE TRADE OR PROTECTIONISM..................................................................................................... 85 DANCIU Lucian Alexandru ................................................................................................................... 85

THE IMPACT OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS ON THE ROMANIAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 89 DIACONU (MAXIM) Laura ................................................................................................................. 89

ROMANIAN LAND MARKET CONSOLIDATION – A WAY TO INCREASE THE ECONOMIC

PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURE IN THE POST-CRISIS PERIOD ............................................. 95 DOBRE Ramona .................................................................................................................................... 95 CÎRSTEA Alexandru Costin .................................................................................................................. 95 CIOBANU Laura .................................................................................................................................... 95

THREE CREATIVE FORCES OF PLANET .......................................................................................... 102 DOBRESCU Emilian M. ...................................................................................................................... 102

20th International Economic Conference – IECS 2013

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DOBRE Edith Mihaela ......................................................................................................................... 102 PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT ..................................................... 105

DOCIU Mădălina ................................................................................................................................. 105 DUNĂRINȚU Anca ............................................................................................................................. 105 DIACONU Amelia ............................................................................................................................... 105

UNCERTAINTIES, PREDICTIONS AND REALITIES ABOUT THE EVOLUTION OF THE

ROMANIANS SMEs ............................................................................................................................... 108 DROB Cătălin ...................................................................................................................................... 108 MIRONESCU Roxana ......................................................................................................................... 108 FERARU Andreea ................................................................................................................................ 108

SUSTAINABILITY IN LIGHT OF THE 7th ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PROGRAMME ............. 113 DUNĂRINȚU Anca ............................................................................................................................. 113 DOCIU Mădălina ................................................................................................................................. 113 DOBREA Răzvan Cătălin .................................................................................................................... 113

INTEGRATION OF CAPITAL MARKETS FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE:

IMPLICATIONS FOR EU INVESTORS ................................................................................................ 117 HOROBEŢ Alexandra Lavinia ............................................................................................................ 117 BELAŞCU Lucian-Aron ...................................................................................................................... 117 OLARU Roxana Georgiana ................................................................................................................. 117

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS STRUCTURAL EFFECTS ON HOST ECONOMIES ............. 126 HUIDUMAC-PETRESCU Cătălin-Emilian ........................................................................................ 126 JOIA Radu-Marcel ............................................................................................................................... 126

BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT .................................. 132 IOAN Ildiko ......................................................................................................................................... 132 RĂDULESCU Carmen Valentina ........................................................................................................ 132 CALIN Ana Maria ................................................................................................................................ 132

NOTORIETY – COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE BY IMPLICATING THE COMPANY IN CSR

ACTIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 136 IONESCU Alexandru ........................................................................................................................... 136 DUMITRU Nicoleta Rossela ............................................................................................................... 136 CÂRSTEA Vlad ................................................................................................................................... 136

EX POST EVIDENCE ON TAX REFORMS DURING THE CRISIS. A SURVEY FROM

BUCHAREST STOCK EXCHANGE ..................................................................................................... 143 LAZĂR Sebastian ................................................................................................................................ 143

CRISIS’ EFFECTS ON ROMANIAN AGRICULTURE AND THE RURAL ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT IN THE POST-CRISIS TIME ................................................................................... 148 MANOLE Victor .................................................................................................................................. 148 CÎRSTEA Alexandru Costin ................................................................................................................ 148 DOBRE Ramona .................................................................................................................................. 148

ANALYSIS OF ROMANIAN GDP DURING CRISIS .......................................................................... 157 MĂRCUŢĂ Liviu ................................................................................................................................ 157 MĂRCUŢĂ Alina ................................................................................................................................ 157 TINDECHE Cristina ............................................................................................................................ 157

EDUCATION, WELFARE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH.................................................................... 161 NEAMTU Daniela ................................................................................................................................ 161 SCURTU Laurentia Elena .................................................................................................................... 161

INDICATORS THAT MEASURE THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT

.................................................................................................................................................................. 169 POPA Cristina ...................................................................................................................................... 169 PANA Adrian ....................................................................................................................................... 169 ANTONESCU Gabriela ....................................................................................................................... 169

FROM THE WISDOM OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS: TO LEARN EDUCATION IN LOVE AND FULLY

UNDERSTANDING OF THE ECONOMIC LIFE ................................................................................. 175 POPESCU Constantin .......................................................................................................................... 175 MOROIANU Nicolae ........................................................................................................................... 175 STANCIU Miltiade .............................................................................................................................. 175

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE FOR A BETTER WORLD ......................................................................... 183


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RĂDULESCU Carmen Valentina ........................................................................................................ 183 BRAN Florina ...................................................................................................................................... 183 MANEA Gheorghe ............................................................................................................................... 183

SENSITIVE CASES IN THE ROMANIAN ACADEMIC PROMOTION SYSTEM ............................ 189 ROTARIU Ilie ...................................................................................................................................... 189

CORPORATE REPUTATION FOR E-COMMERCE ............................................................................ 192 SANDU Mihaela Cornelia ................................................................................................................... 192

THE IMPACT OF AUSTERITY FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY MIX ON EXIT FROM

RECESSION ............................................................................................................................................ 197 SAVA Valentin .................................................................................................................................... 197 TUREATCÃ Manuela Violeta ............................................................................................................. 197

THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZED ECONOMY ON MEDICAL MIGRATION ................................... 203 STAMATIN Ovidiu ............................................................................................................................. 203 ASANDULUI Mircea .......................................................................................................................... 203 PETRIȘOR Mihai Bogdan ................................................................................................................... 203

CREATIVE ECONOMY AS A FEASIBLE OPTION IN THE CONTEXT OF POST CRISIS TIMES 208 SUCIU Marta-Christina ........................................................................................................................ 208 GHIȚĂ Monica Diana .......................................................................................................................... 208 BLEJOI Alexandru ............................................................................................................................... 208

ECONOMIC VALUES IN POST CRISIS TIMES. EDUCATION AS VALUE .................................... 218 SUCIU Marta Christina ........................................................................................................................ 218 LACATUS Maria Liana ....................................................................................................................... 218

THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC-FINANCIAL CRISIS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT .......... 223 TĂNASE Diana .................................................................................................................................... 223 TĂNASE Adrian .................................................................................................................................. 223 FRANȚ Florin ...................................................................................................................................... 223

THE IMPACT OF THE ECONOMIC-FINANCIAL CRISIS UPON THE PURCHASING AND

CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOUR IN THE TOWN OF REŞIŢA ............................................................. 231 TĂNASE Adrian .................................................................................................................................. 231 TĂNASE Diana .................................................................................................................................... 231 FRANȚ Florin ...................................................................................................................................... 231

AN OVERVIEW OF THE ROMANIA’S PUBLIC DEBT DURING THE FINANCIAL CRISIS ........ 239 TEODORESCU Cristian ...................................................................................................................... 239

RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN BUZAU COUNTY BY MEANS OF EUROPEAN FUNDS

.................................................................................................................................................................. 245 TIGU Gabriela ...................................................................................................................................... 245 PARTAL Cristina Maria ...................................................................................................................... 245 MARGINA Oleg .................................................................................................................................. 245

PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES MANAGEMENT AT S.C. AEROSTAR S.A. BACĂU ........................ 250 UNGUREANU Sebastian .................................................................................................................... 250

FINANCIAL MECHANISM NEED FOR THE CONSERVATION OF LANDRACES IN ROMANIA

.................................................................................................................................................................. 259 ANTOFIE Maria-Mihaela .................................................................................................................... 259 SAND SAVA Camelia ......................................................................................................................... 259

ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT - CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES ........ 267 BĂEŞU Camelia ................................................................................................................................... 267 BEJINARU Ruxandra .......................................................................................................................... 267

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS FOR................................ 273 CROSS-CULTURAL STUDIES IN ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT ........................................ 273

BORDEIANU Otilia-Maria .................................................................................................................. 273 MOROŞAN-DĂNILĂ Lucia ............................................................................................................... 273

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AT THE PUBLIC WATER AND SEWAGE UTILITIES IN

ODORHEIU SECUIESC ......................................................................................................................... 280 BUNTA Levente Zoltán ....................................................................................................................... 280

THE SOCIAL NETWORKS OF MIGRANTS AND RELATED ECONOMIC MARKETS ................. 292 CARAGANCIU Anatolie ..................................................................................................................... 292

THE SUCCESS AND THE FAILURE- CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES .............................. 296


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OF A SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR ............................................................................................... 296 CĂLIN-COSTIN Georgiana-Delia....................................................................................................... 296 POPESCU Delia ................................................................................................................................... 296

NOISE POLLUTION, A CHALLENGE TO THE ROAD TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IN ROMANIA

.................................................................................................................................................................. 301 CIOVICĂ Cristina Emilia .................................................................................................................... 301 FLOREA Cristian ................................................................................................................................. 301

HOW THE SOCIAL MEDIA EVOLUTIONS LEAD THE CHANGE OF ............................................ 307 ONLINE BEHAVIOUR IN ROMANIAN COMPANIES....................................................................... 307

COJOCARU Camelia ........................................................................................................................... 307 COJOCARU Silviu .............................................................................................................................. 307

HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION INFLUENCES THE OPERATIONS

MANAGEMENT OF ROMANIAN COMPANIES ................................................................................ 315 COJOCARU Silviu .............................................................................................................................. 315 COJOCARU Camelia ........................................................................................................................... 315

INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY MANAGEMENT IN POST CRISIS ECONOMY ...................... 324 CREŢU Romeo Cătălin ........................................................................................................................ 324 CREŢU Raluca Florentina ................................................................................................................... 324 CUTAŞ Cristian ................................................................................................................................... 324

MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION AND MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE ................................ 329 WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION ........................................................................................................... 329

CRIȘAN Silviu ..................................................................................................................................... 329 THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN THE REVIVAL OF ROMANIAN

ORGANIZATIONS ................................................................................................................................. 333 CROITORU Gabriel ............................................................................................................................. 333 NICODIM Liliana ................................................................................................................................ 333 EPURE Danut Tiberius ........................................................................................................................ 333

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, IN ORDER TO

IMPLEMENT THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT .............................................. 340 DEMYEN Suzana ................................................................................................................................ 340 NICOLAE Adina- Iulia ........................................................................................................................ 340

THE INNOVATION IMPACT EVOLUTION ON FAMILY ACTIVITY FROM AGRICULTURAL

HOLDINGS FROM BUZĂU COUNTY ................................................................................................. 348 DRĂGHICI Manea ............................................................................................................................... 348 NECULA Raluca .................................................................................................................................. 348 NECULA Diana ................................................................................................................................... 348

STATUS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS CERTIFICATION IN THE ROMANIAN

ECONOMY .............................................................................................................................................. 352 GORDAȘ Vadim .................................................................................................................................. 352 IONIȚĂ Ion .......................................................................................................................................... 352 POPESCU Florin .................................................................................................................................. 352

THE COHESION POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN 2014-2020. .......................................... 361 NEW OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

SECTOR ................................................................................................................................................... 361 INDREȘ Mihai ..................................................................................................................................... 361 POPA Liliana Mihaela ......................................................................................................................... 361 STĂNIȚ Alexandra .............................................................................................................................. 361

THE EFFECT OF METAPROGRAMS IN THE PLANNING PROCESS OF THE ORGANIZATION 367 IOSIF Cornel Marian ............................................................................................................................ 367

RESEARCHES REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE CLASSIC TOOLS OF QUALITY

MANAGEMENT TO IDENTIFY CAUSES OF URBAN NOISE POLLUTION .................................. 372 LUCA Liliana ....................................................................................................................................... 372 MIHUT Nicoleta .................................................................................................................................. 372

TIME MANAGEMENT USING IT&C ................................................................................................... 377 MAREȘ Valerica .................................................................................................................................. 377 MAREȘ Marius Daniel ......................................................................................................................... 377

MANAGEMENT DECISION IN ACCOUNTING USING IT&C ......................................................... 384


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MAREȘ Marius Daniel ......................................................................................................................... 384 MAREȘ Valerica .................................................................................................................................. 384

MANAGEMENT OF GLYCEROL BY-PRODUCT FROM THE BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS ............. 390 MATEESCU Mihaela Adina ................................................................................................................ 390 BOZGA Raluca Elisabeta ..................................................................................................................... 390

COMMON AND PARTICULAR ASPECTS WHEN APPROACHING NATIONAL AND

MULTINATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ............................................................................................... 397 MUSCALU Emanoil ............................................................................................................................ 397 MUNTEAN Silvana Nicoleta ............................................................................................................... 397

RESEARCH ON A SPECIALIZED ONLINE BUSINESS MODEL IN ROMANIA ............................ 405 NEGOI Eugen Remus .......................................................................................................................... 405 NICODIM Liliana ................................................................................................................................ 405 CROITORU Gabriel ............................................................................................................................. 405

THE GENERAL MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES OF ORGANISATION ............................................ 411 NICOLESCU Ovidiu ............................................................................................................................ 411

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE: AN IMPORTANT LEVER OF OBTAINING MANAGERIAL

PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................................................... 421 ODAGIU Cristian ................................................................................................................................. 421

CHALLENGES IN MANAGING SUCCESS WITHIN VIRTUAL TEAMS ......................................... 431 PAPA Alina .......................................................................................................................................... 431 STOICA Mihaela .................................................................................................................................. 431 ZARZU Carmen-Laura ........................................................................................................................ 431

CHALLENGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS: USE OF NEW FISCAL STIMULATORY

TOOLS ..................................................................................................................................................... 439 PICIU Gabriela Cornelia ...................................................................................................................... 439 TRICĂ Carmen Lenuţa ........................................................................................................................ 439

THE ROLE OF THE ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN

GERMANY .............................................................................................................................................. 444 PICIU Gabriela Cornelia ...................................................................................................................... 444 TRICĂ Carmen Lenuţa ........................................................................................................................ 444

GLOBALIZATION AND REGIONALIZATION IMPACT ON PUBLIC BUDGETING SYSTEM .... 449 POPA Liliana Mihaela ......................................................................................................................... 449 INDREȘ Mihai ..................................................................................................................................... 449

INNOVATIVE FINANCING SOLUTIONS BASED ON EFFECTIVE PARTNERSHIPS .................. 455 PRLIPECEAN Gabriela ....................................................................................................................... 455 BOSCOIANU Mircea .......................................................................................................................... 455

TERRITORIAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG BUCHAREST REGION ................................................. 461 RADU Ioan ........................................................................................................................................... 461 BRÂNZAŞ Beniamin Viorel ................................................................................................................ 461 MATEI Ramona Mihaela ..................................................................................................................... 461

STUDY ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF CAUSES OF LOW PERFORMANCES REGISTERED IN

ACCESSING EUROPEAN FUNDS ....................................................................................................... 470 RANF Diana Elena ............................................................................................................................... 470 TODĂRIȚĂ Elida-Tomița ................................................................................................................... 470 DUMITRAȘCU Dănuț Dumitru .......................................................................................................... 470

SOCIAL CRISIS. CONCEPTS AND POTENTIAL THREATS, VULNERABILITY AND RISKS .... 478 RIZESCU Marius ................................................................................................................................. 478

THE IMPORTANCE OF TACIT KNOWLEDGE IN TRAINING THE EMPLOYEES TO ACCESS

THE EXECUTIVE POSITIONS IN THE BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS .......................................... 483 SCURTU Laurentia Elena .................................................................................................................... 483 NEAMTU Daniela ................................................................................................................................ 483

LOGISTIC ACTIVITIES AND LOGISTIC OPERATIONS .................................................................. 491 STOIAN Mirela .................................................................................................................................... 491 DINU Magdalena Daniela .................................................................................................................... 491

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING APPLICATION OF LEAN MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN

PUBLIC SECTOR ................................................................................................................................... 496 TODORUŢ Amalia Venera .................................................................................................................. 496


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BOJINCĂ Moise .................................................................................................................................. 496 POWERFUL “TO HAVE” AND “TO BE” IN BUSINESS LIFE ........................................................... 501

VINTEAN Adriana .............................................................................................................................. 501 THE MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES ON THE EUROPEAN AND NATIONAL LEVEL . 505

ZODIERIU Elena ................................................................................................................................. 505 BRAŞOV– A TOURIST DESTINATION FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL

EVENTS ................................................................................................................................................... 510 BĂLTESCU Codruţa- Adina ............................................................................................................... 510 BOŞCOR Dana ..................................................................................................................................... 510 BRĂTUCU Gabriel .............................................................................................................................. 510

FINANCING PUBLIC HEALTHCARE – A SUSTAINABLE AND DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM

FACTOR .................................................................................................................................................. 517 BOBEICĂ Ana Maria .......................................................................................................................... 517 NEACŞU (BLEAJĂ) Oniţa .................................................................................................................. 517

THE ONLINE COMMUNICATION MIX FOR TOURISM DESTINATIONS. STUDY CASE ON

ROMANIAN TOURISM DESTINATIONS ........................................................................................... 527 CONSTANTINESCU Adina ................................................................................................................ 527 NISTORESCU Tudor ........................................................................................................................... 527

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT FOR MĂRGINIMEA SIBIULUI (THE

SURROUNDINGS OF SIBIU) ................................................................................................................ 537 COSMESCU Ioan ................................................................................................................................ 537 COSMESCU Denisa ............................................................................................................................ 537

A STUDY BASED ON HERCULANE RESORT ................................................................................... 544 DINU Loredana .................................................................................................................................... 544 DINU Gabriel ....................................................................................................................................... 544

EXOGENOUS INFLUENCE AT THE BEHAVIORAL LEVEL OF THE CARASENI VOTERS ....... 550 DINU Gabriel ....................................................................................................................................... 550 DINU Loredana .................................................................................................................................... 550

HOW TO BUILD, MEASURE AND MANAGE BRAND EQUITY ..................................................... 556 DUMITRESCU Luigi .......................................................................................................................... 556 CETINĂ Iuliana ................................................................................................................................... 556 PENTESCU Alma ................................................................................................................................ 556

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN THE GREEN ECONOMIC ERA ........................................................ 562 FLOREA Cristian ................................................................................................................................. 562 CIOVICĂ Cristina Emilia .................................................................................................................... 562

OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNET INFLUENCE ON THE MARKETING PRACTICES OF SMALL

SERVICES COMPANIES WITH A FOCUS ON ADULT EDUCATION............................................. 568 GOSTIAN Claudiu-Dan ....................................................................................................................... 568

STUDY REGARDING MARKETING AUDIT IN INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES FROM ROMANIA 577 LAZEA Ruxandra ................................................................................................................................ 577 PAŞTIU Carmen .................................................................................................................................. 577

THE MARKETING PLAN OF A FARMHOUSE IN MARAMUREŞ COUNTY ................................. 582 MATEI Florentina Daniela ................................................................................................................... 582

TRANSACTIONAL AND RELATIONAL MARKETING APPROACHES THAT IMPACT

CUSTOMER RETENTION PERFORMANCE ...................................................................................... 588 MAXIM Andrei .................................................................................................................................... 588

THE QUALITY OF HOTEL SERVICES. CASE STUDY: SELECT HOLIDAY BRAN COMPLEX . 594 NEACȘU Nicoleta Andreea ................................................................................................................. 594 MADAR Anca ...................................................................................................................................... 594

WHERE DO WE REALLY STAND? ROMANIA’S EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN TERMS OF UNIT

VALUES AND MARKET SHARE ......................................................................................................... 599 NEGREA Alina Petronela .................................................................................................................... 599 COJANU Valentin ................................................................................................................................ 599

THE INFULENCE OF THE COMMUNITY TRADEMARK PROTECTION SYSTEM EXPANSION

ON NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION ACTIVITY IN ROMANIA ................. 608 NIȚU Valentin Ionuț ............................................................................................................................ 608 GINGHINĂ Alina ................................................................................................................................ 608


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INTERNATIONAL TOURISM: A POST-CRISIS SOLUTION TOWARDS GLOBALIZATION? CASE

STUDY: ROMANIA................................................................................................................................ 613 PĂDURARU Cǎtǎlin ............................................................................................................................ 613 GĂLBEAZĂ Maria-Alexandra ............................................................................................................ 613

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN ROMANIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES .................. 619 PLOEŞTEANU Mara Gabriela ............................................................................................................ 619 POPESCU Andrei ................................................................................................................................ 619 TATU Cristian Ionuţ ............................................................................................................................ 619

THE IMPORTANCE OF SPIRITUAL GOODS ..................................................................................... 624 PONTOŞ Eva ....................................................................................................................................... 624

SENSORY MARKETING AND FOOD CONSUMER BEHAVIOR ..................................................... 628 SPERDEA Nataliţa Maria .................................................................................................................... 628 CRIVEANU Radu Cǎtǎlin ................................................................................................................... 628

THE COMMUNICATION STRATEGY OF PRIVATE COMPANIES THROUGH ROMANIAN MASS

MEDIA OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2013-2015 .......................................................................................... 632 TERCHILĂ Sorin ................................................................................................................................. 632

CAN WE TRUST PUBLIC OPINION POLLS? ..................................................................................... 638 VIERAŞU Timotei ............................................................................................................................... 638 NICOLAE Carmen Magda ................................................................................................................... 638

THE ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE IN ROMANIA ......................................................................... 644 ZAHARENCU Mihaela Adina ............................................................................................................. 644

THE BRIDGE BETWEEN PRODUCERS AND CONSUMERS OF ECOAGROFOOD MUST BE

CONSOLIDATED -ECOAGROCLUSTER- ........................................................................................... 648 ZECA Ecaterina Daniela ...................................................................................................................... 648

THE NEW BASEL III REGULATIONS ON CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL STABILITY .................. 655 APĂTĂCHIOAE Adina ....................................................................................................................... 655

ANALYSIS OF THE CREDIT AND BUSINESS CYCLES: EVIDENCE FROM TWELVE

EUROPEAN ECONOMIES .................................................................................................................... 665 APOSTOAIE Constantin-Marius ......................................................................................................... 665 PERCIC Stansilav ................................................................................................................................ 665 COCRIŞ Vasile .................................................................................................................................... 665

COINTEGRATION AND DYNAMIC LINKAGE BETWEEN WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE AND

DEVELOPED STOCK MARKETS ........................................................................................................ 675 BIRĂU Felicia Ramona ....................................................................................................................... 675

THE PENSION INSURANCE SYSTEM REFORM IN ROMANIA - OPPORTUNITIES FOR

IMPROVEMENT ..................................................................................................................................... 685 BOBEŞ Florina-Maria .......................................................................................................................... 685

A VULNERABLE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT IN THE POST CRISIS PERIOD .......................... 689 BOIA Madalina-Ioana .......................................................................................................................... 689

HOUSEHOLDS AND COMPANIES’ SAVING BEHAVIOR DURING THE FINANCIAL CRISIS.

REGIONAL APPROACH ....................................................................................................................... 695 BRĂTUCU (LUCA) Alina ................................................................................................................... 695 BÎLBÎE Ioana ....................................................................................................................................... 695

STRUCTURAL EVOLUTIONS AND TRANSFORMATION IN ROMANIAN BANKING SYSTEM

DURING PRESENT INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISES .......................................................... 702 CĂPRARU Bogdan .............................................................................................................................. 702 MOISE Ortansa .................................................................................................................................... 702

THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE STRUCTURE ON BANK PERFORMANCE – EVIDENCE

FROM ROMANIA ................................................................................................................................... 706 CHITAN Gheorghe .............................................................................................................................. 706

ROMANIAN FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES IN THE CONTEXT OF EU’S INTEGRATION ............. 710 CIOLPAN Mircea Gabriel ................................................................................................................... 710

STUDY ON THE RECOVERY OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION THROUGH THE BALANCE

SHEET OF A COMPANY ....................................................................................................................... 714 CIUHUREANU Alina-Teodora ........................................................................................................... 714 BALTEŞ Nicolae .................................................................................................................................. 714

METHODS OF FINANCIAL AND ACCOUTING RISK ASSESSMENT ........................................... 721


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DIMA Florin-Constantin ...................................................................................................................... 721 DUCU Corina-Maria ............................................................................................................................ 721

THE NON-QUALITY PHENOMENON, SOURCE OF HIDDEN COSTS FOR HOSPITAL

ESTABLISHMENTS ............................................................................................................................... 725 DINULESCU Gabriela Loredana ......................................................................................................... 725

ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC INVESTMENTS MADE IN INNOVATION RESEARCH AND

DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA ........................................................................................................... 731 FLORESCU Daniela ............................................................................................................................ 731

ECONOMIC CRISIS IMPACT ON PROFITABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF ROMANIAN

BANKING SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................... 738 GUST Marius ....................................................................................................................................... 738

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION IN ROMANIA AND OTHER EUROPEAN

BANKING SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................................. 743 IUGA Iulia ............................................................................................................................................ 743 CIOCA Ionela ....................................................................................................................................... 743

COST OF CAPITAL FOR A FIRM FROM BAKERY INDUSTRY ...................................................... 753 KAGITCI Meral ................................................................................................................................... 753 NICHITA Elena Mirela ........................................................................................................................ 753 VULPOI Marcel ................................................................................................................................... 753

TESTING THE LONG RANGE-DEPENDENCE FOR THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN

AND THE BALKANS STOCK MARKETS ........................................................................................... 762 PECE Andreea Maria ........................................................................................................................... 762 LUDUSAN Emilia Anuta ..................................................................................................................... 762

MOTIVATING, IDENTIFYING AND DECREASING THE MANIPULATION MECHANISMS OF

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING DATA ..................................................................................................... 771 POPESCU Laura-Maria ....................................................................................................................... 771 NISULEŞCU Ileana ............................................................................................................................. 771

QUANTIFICATION OF PUBLIC FINANCIAL IMBALANCE ............................................................ 779 POPESCU Marin .................................................................................................................................. 779 BANU Ilie ............................................................................................................................................ 779

BANKING INTEGRATION AND EFFICIENCY CONVERGENCE IN BALTIC COUNTRIES IN

CRISIS PERIOD ...................................................................................................................................... 783 POPOVICI Mihăiţă-Cosmin ................................................................................................................ 783

THE EFFIENCIECY OF FINANCIAL DECISIONS IN AN ENTREPRISE – PERMISE OF GROWTH

OF THE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCES ............................................................................................. 793 SĂLĂGEAN Liana Ramona ................................................................................................................ 793

BUILDING A BLACK-SCHOLES LIKE PDE FOR A FINANCIAL DERIVATIVE BASED ON TWO

SUPPORT IN EXTENDED BROWNIAN MODEL ............................................................................... 803 SOCACIU Tiberiu ................................................................................................................................ 803 PASCU Paul ......................................................................................................................................... 803

SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX, A MODERN TOOL IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND

MODELLING .......................................................................................................................................... 807 STANICA Nicolae Cristian .................................................................................................................. 807

IMPLICATIONS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PRESENTATION FORMAT IN ......................... 815 EVALUATING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND POSITION ...................................................... 815

TĂBÎRCĂ Alina-Iuliana ...................................................................................................................... 815 NISTOR Nicoleta ................................................................................................................................. 815 PREDESCU Lorena ............................................................................................................................. 815

PROFITABILITY OF THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN BANKING SYSTEM ........... 824 TRENCA Ioan ...................................................................................................................................... 824 PETRIA Nicolae ................................................................................................................................... 824 LUDUŞAN (COROVEI) Emilia Anuta ............................................................................................... 824

LINKAGES BETWEEN THE STOCK MARKETS OF EASTERN EUROPE ...................................... 831 TRENCA Ioan ...................................................................................................................................... 831 PETRIA Nicolae ................................................................................................................................... 831 DEZSI Eva ........................................................................................................................................... 831

THE APPLICABILITY OF BAYES’ THEOREM IN AUDIT RISK ..................................................... 839


11

ZAICEANU Ana-Maria ....................................................................................................................... 839 HLACIUC Elena .................................................................................................................................. 839

PUBLIC EXPENDITURES ON ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ROMANIA

.................................................................................................................................................................. 845 ZUGRAVU Bogdan-Gabriel ................................................................................................................ 845 SAVA Anca-Ştefania ........................................................................................................................... 845

FORECASTING EXCHANGE RATES USING MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON NEURAL

NETWORKS: A CASE STUDY ON EUR/RON EVOLUTION ............................................................ 853 BADEA (STROIE) Laura Maria .......................................................................................................... 853

DSGE MODELLING ARCHITECTURE. ............................................................................................... 863 EXEMPLIFICATION ON THE ROMANIA CASE ............................................................................... 863

HUDEA-CARAMAN Oana Simona .................................................................................................... 863 SOCIAL NETWORKS – BUSINESS TOOLS ........................................................................................ 869

LĂZĂRICĂ Marinela .......................................................................................................................... 869 A CONJECTURE ABOUT MERTON-GARMAN EQUATION ON HESTON MODEL WITH

ALGORITHMS FOR CONJECTURE’S VERIFICATION .................................................................... 873 SOCACIU Tiberiu ................................................................................................................................ 873 PASCU Paul ......................................................................................................................................... 873

PLACE AND ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM. THE VALUE CHAIN OF A

COMPANY .............................................................................................................................................. 877 STEGĂROIU Carina-Elena ................................................................................................................. 877

HOW RELIABLE IS CLIENT-SIDE FORM VALIDATION? .............................................................. 881 TILIUTE Doru E. ................................................................................................................................. 881


478

SOCIAL CRISIS. CONCEPTS AND POTENTIAL THREATS, VULNERABILITY AND RISKS

RIZESCU Marius

SRA Ph.D. Student, “Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy, Sibiu, Romania,

[email protected]

Abstract: For the purpose of this paper, we considered relevant the analysis of social crisis from a

conceptual level in terms of enhancement factors in the context of actual or potential threats.

The crises are events characterized by low probability and important consequences that threaten an

organization in its deepest purposes. The time for action in this case is short. And the answer is composed of a set of

conditioned responses, regarding as primary objectives: reducing and controlling the specific means of correction

that can be used in the violent conflicts, blocking violence, reducing tensions, hostilities freezing, solving the

political disputes, the creation of non-violent means for resolving the crisis.

For efficient managing of a social crisis only the effective information processors can take decisions, in

a scientific manner, in order to realize the targets by using some defined management techniques, individualized

and structured from social peacetime.

Key words: social crisis, potential threats, management of crisis

JEL classification: I39

1. Introduction

In the context of current geopolitical and geostrategic situation nations are no longer concerned

about the danger of aggression but rather preoccupied about large tensions and antagonisms and disputes

arising from ethnic conflicts, terrorism and organized crime, the proliferation of weapons, unauthorized

migration and economic disputes.

The shape that addresses serious problems facing mankind today implies the existence of a global

vision, which integrates social trends, economic, military and environmental, taking into consideration all

factors in assessing a political and strategic logic. Of course, to prevent these hazards and reduce

enhancement factors and risks that may occur, it is necessary to maintain an effective response capability

and a steady state level, regionally and globally.

To the threats of "niche" type insurgent autonomist, ethnic violence, fundamentalist jihads,

separatist wars, urban guerrilla and rural crisis such as terrorist policy must respond to active

involvement, even with military means [1]. Gulf War and Civil War Serbia-Kosovo, initially described

with the term crisis or conflict, have shattered the initial state of euphoria peaceful period following the

Cold War and turned into an open war, which continued a period of time, causing huge material damage

and many casualties. The same thing happened in Iraq, Lebanon and more recently in Afghanistan.

Knowing the causes of crisis must include all forms of manifestation of their analysis, impartial and

appreciating it as accurately as possible, without bias or emotion, regarding the share of each type of

contradictory economic, political, legal, ethnic, religious within those situations.

Crisis prevention has become a key concept in the debate until the new structure of peace and

security in Europe. Theatre of war in former Yugoslavia has shown us that Europe is not sufficiently

prepared to handle crises that may occur within it. Despite the widespread opinion that it must urgently

improve procedures for crisis prevention, the idea remains a sensitive issue and is not exempted from

criticism.

The reservations expressed no concern of his goals but how to put it into practice. Some critics

include those who tend to associate the ideas of crisis prevention and management associated with the

establishment of a system of collective security. They were concerned not only about the feasible extent

of such a system, but also about the extent to which it is desired; there is fear involved in a war. These

fears are added concern for the loss of national sovereignty. Those who make these criticisms do not

expect the realization of the conditions involving the creation and effective functioning of a security

structure. They reckon that the moral improvement in the political climate is, for now, far from being

developed enough for a collective security system to operate successfully. Own national interests are still

far from being located on the same plane with the concept of welfare and stability of the international

community. Lately, the idea that a multipolar system with a larger number of crises is more unstable than

one bipolar, is increasingly convening.


479

Crises were a dynamic, in most cases, so fast that sometimes they run out of control. In the first

decade of XXI century, the most dangerous crisis such as international terrorism, economic crises, social,

political and likely will further cause serious disturbances of public order. Specifically, they could be the

following: acts of terrorism of all kinds; separatist actions;-diversionary terrorist actions, sabotage,

blocking civil or military, tract of land transport, shipping, rail and strategic communications, system

national power; actions that are meant to destabilize the rule of law.

2. Social Crisis Management

Among the most important factors boosting the social crisis we call politics, fraudulent

appropriation of socially produced wealth and disrupting the violent forms of power relationships.

a) politics

The original source of any social crisis is politics, since it is the most obvious sign of

disaggregation politic social system [2].

Politics alter the nation's productive function, also the ability to produce products and use

resources according to the needs of people, organizations and communities.

Economic crisis, the consequence of actions politics, social processes generate dysfunctions,

bringing to the surface incompatibilities between people and paving the political class and socio-political

interests clash, threatening the social integration of people.

Management office politics destroys the nation, also the organizations with management

functions, the rationality of the state, which is transformed into a "powerhouse" or an obedient to another

center of power. Politicians are not able to process social information and political decisions, one-sided

and partisan social processes generate dysfunctional, with consequences Crushers. They have a

proverbial fear from the nation's military power, because social order deprives them of any opportunities

to acquire wealth produced through social violence [3].

Politics – which is the expression of ideologies involved in crisis management (governance) the

social - distort the political action, radicalize social action and cause tensions and conflicts. The actions of

aggressive or ineffective politicians divide the nations into parties, contributing to the emergence of tiny

parties, aggressive, which determined the trend of strong measures parties, parties that are assuming the

exclusive role as the sole alternative, some parties maintain the incompatibilities between the ideologies

that build political power.

Politics generate the most favorable environment for the appearance of coups (different kinds).

They are initiated, usually, from the top – by the politicians which are hostile to the political power, with

the help of the obedient political elites or even lower up by professional bodies (unions), supported

mostly by opposition politicians and by the military .

b) fraudulent misappropriation of wealth produced socially

The inefficient or violent ways of managing social needs create critical situations for a nation in a

context where politics control economics [4]. In this case, the keys of the economy (resources) are

controlled by the government people that are driven by violent or ineffective ideologies, which sends the

economics into chaos [5].

The ways in which policy-makers manage economics create two overlapping countries: over, the

legally country – meaning the socio-political groups that have the law and the strength - and the real

country - meaning professional bodies, which produce and are deprived of resources. In both cases, in

order to require political decisions, there are induced increasing doses of authoritarianism, it means that

the constraint the rule and the freedom becomes an exception.

These situations generate tension against power or lower violence, defined as mass violence. It is

individualized by riots or revolution and designed by the political power "reform" or overthrow the "old

order". The rebellion and revolution are types of violence which are involving large masses of people and

express in the highest degree, the existence of a social crisis.

The history of so-called revolution reveals that the masses are controllable can be integrated

under the control of hostile political power forces or can be changed into maneuver mass. The mass

violence generate other forms of violence that are marked by: the foreign interference in intern affairs,

diversion-terrorist actions from political power or socio-political groups that fights for its fall, grooming

and information actions, challenges and attacks against the state institutions.

c) disrupting in violent forms of the power relationships

The balance of power is structured in violent ways in the context of ideologies crisis. So, it is the

inability of the socio-political groups that have the power to manage the nation by social decisions.


480

The crisis of ideologies becomes the source of aggression that aims the community spirit, causing

an identity crisis, correlated with a management crisis - or the legitimacy crisis of the political power.

Such situations create problems-effect onto the self-consciousness of "subjects" and create a socio-

cultural crises that endanger the social integration of people (socialization) within the organizations.

The most prone nations to the violent restructuring of power relations are those dominated by an

exclusive ideology or by a corrupt and incompetent political power, which generates totalitarian regimes.

In such cases the nation is split into parallel societies, one of which is considered normal (official) and

the others that are defying it. The intervention of the armed forces for the management of critical

situations is, in essence, a usurpation of the decision power, which is the prerogative of socio-political

factor. The individualization of the power centers that generate crisis allows identification of the weak

socio-political groups [6].

The violent ways of structuring relations of power create relations of power between political

power and body's production of social values (the people). They reflect the confrontation between

processors of information that cannot overcome the ideological positions.

The violent relationships of power individualize different "power centers" - internal and external

and generate different types of confrontation and structure a new type of management, political-military

leadership.

The loss of power resources requires the political power to resort at violence, so-called top

violence. It is peculiar to a political power that is seized by the political. This oligarchy centralizes

decision, brings the nation out of decision and requires models that cannot support and maintain than by

force. Thus, the armed forces (army, secret information structures of the state and forces of maintaining

public order) are processed in the police force, by which political power set up terror. The violent

destructuring of power relationships generate, usually, military confrontation [7], between different

national centers of power - the horizontal confrontation or between the political power and other domestic

centers of power - the vertical confrontation.

A violent political power determines the involvement of armed forces in managing such a

situation, by the delegation of power, but also by usurpation of political power. The clearest imbalance

form of the power relationships is found at the nations that support the establishment of totalitarian

regimes, dictatorships.

The armed forces become managers of power in a socio-political contexts that impose strength

measures or when political forces are not able to manage the nation.

The military factor may determine the balance of power in situations where the military elites are

obedient or support some groups which are faced to gain political power or access to power. The

determination of these relationships is made by influence, blackmail, replacement or acquisition of the

civil power by force or usurping the power by violence.

Also, it may arise the potential risk situations [8], that degenerate into a serious crisis of the

social, economic or political system, with damage to the state security and national defense.

We list a few of them:

a) Settling of accounts between mafia camps that engage in conflict and other non-employed

persons for that the confrontation with the security forces is a simply fun. The engaging of children in

such conflicts complicates the activity of forces. The participation and other criminals elements,

combined with the actions of internal and external hostile forces may result in destabilization of some

areas;

b) Mass discontent citizens from insecurity which dominates today's society. The failure to

provide the physical protection of citizens and private and public property, combined with the rising

unemployment, may lead to a general feeling of dissatisfaction and a local tension, followed by a major

crisis;

c) Dissatisfaction of pensioners, which do not receive welfare, increases the tensions that may

degenerate into extensive action of protest;

d) Test of trade union leaders to manipulate public opinion by "poisoning" with information that

incite to violence;

e) An intense campaign of denigration of union leaders, who cannot be manipulated, with the

purpose to remove and replace them from the management functions;

f) The transition in unemployment of a large numbers of workers from the main industrial centers

without retraining programs and providing opportunities to absorb of a labor force part;

g) Protest actions with religious reason, caused by non-recognition of some religions or sects;

h) Claiming of accommodation between state and private institutions;


481

i) Tensions between the majority population and Gypsies, as a result of destruction of crops, theft

of agricultural products, theft from vehicles and homes, organized commando actions and challenge the

population;

j) Tensions between social groups, ethnic groups, religious and so on.

Management, an economic concept taken by military and then by politicians to be transplanted in

social, it is used with the different meanings.

In the situation of social crisis, so the subject that is generator of crisis, explained by the

formulation of old policy, as well as the subject involved in crisis management (individuals, groups,

institutions), use according to the interests and needs, all of its primary meanings: handled, handling,

guidance, leadership, management, negotiation, settlement [9].

The concept of management should be used to name the designed activities and accomplished

systematically to prevent and, if occurring, to solve the critical situations. Both prevention as well as

their solution requires the ability to conceive the social solution, the only viable for the assaulted nation.

The interventions with other purposes (to calm the situation, to deter, to punish those who revolt), cannot

be considered management activities of the social crisis. This is a false management and can be justified

only to win time.

The managing of a crisis is dependent on the social processing capacity of the information. The

political power over which violence occurs or that use the violence is involved; third parties - which may

be internal or external power centers, generating or producing aggression against political power and

people - through the social elites. The information processors can be identified as politics, politicians,

military leaders, military elites, social elites. All are available the three resources of power - knowledge,

wealth and violence, but not all can use at the same intensity [10].

Managing the social crisis is, first of all, knowledge, from which follows provisions and

operations, in which each actor or subject involved imposes the limits of action areas. Both sides do not

devise the actions (operations) and their consequences on the use of exceeding the limits of war.

Relevant is the aggressiveness of individuals, especially managers and socio-political violence groups

[11].

The management (crisis management) [12] requires using in the social solution of human and

material resources in the purpose of solving the conflict. Management excludes threat or use of force,

which result in decision errors, risks and human and materials losses. On this plan is shown the

importance of leaders (or managers), whose mission is the design and implementation of social solutions

by management strategies.

The management of the social crisis should avoid the use of military violence and to turn the

crisis into a conflict of power. This action involves specialized action of organizations with management

functions and to assume responsibility for the measures taken and the consequences produced.

In the management of social crisis should be involved, by management techniques well defined,

individualized and structured from social peacetime, legislative and executive organizations built by the

people, as an expression of its power (democracy).

The legislative organizations (parliament) and executive (government) involve the control of the

activities from the so-called area of the public policy defense, directly or through specialized committees,

adopts the necessary legislation to crisis, examines how to comply with this legislation, gives credit of

executive power to take desirable measures, control institutions with responsibilities during crisis.

3. Summary

Crises are events characterized by low probability and important consequences that threaten an

organization in its deepest purposes. Because of their low probability, these events defy any

interpretation and require an effort of understanding and adaptive responses. Thus, to resolve a crisis in

progress requires simultaneously action, that generates the knowledge, but also affects the conduct of

crisis [13].

Theoretically, the environment, in the context of a crisis, can be characterized by: mistrust;

polarization of social and political differences; the use of weapons; conducting an action challenging or

an sporadic action, unorganized, with a low level of violence; perception of their interests as

incompatible; intergroup hostility; repression, insurgency, systematic violation of human rights; the

decline in perception of legitimacy of national government; national mobilization and so on.

Time for action in this case is short. And the answer consists in a set of conditioned responses,

regarding as primary objectives: reducing and controlling specific means of coercion that can be used in


482

violent conflicts; blocking violence; reducing tensions, freezing the hostilities; solving the political

disputes; creation of non-violent means to resolve the crisis.

These objectives can be achieved through the instruments such as diplomatic, military, economic,

social and political adapted to each case.

4. References

[1] Rees,W.D., Arts Management, Technical Publishing House, Bucharest, pp. 29;

[2] Radulescu-Motru, C., Romanian culture and politics in Personalism energy and other

writings, Bucharest, 1985, p.324-325;

[3] Sava, I.N., Introduction to military Sociology, in Army and Society, Bucharest, Info-Team

Publishing, 1998, pp.24;

[4] Garello, J., The illusions of socialism, Bucharest, Agora Publishing House, 1993, p. 20-21;

[5] National Strategy on preventing and combating poverty, Bucharest, UNDP, 1998, pp.3;

[6] Orford, J., Community psychology. Theory and practice, Oscar Print Publishing House,

Bucharest, 1998, p. 190-191;

[7] Sava, D., From the classic to the current paradigm of war (2), in „Observatorul militar”, no.

22 October 1996, pp.3;

[8] Orford, J., Community psychology. Theory and Practice, Oscar Print Publishing House,

Bucharest, 1998, p.195-204;

[9] David, A. V., Nations sociology, Bucharest, Romania Foundation for Tomorrow Publishing

House, p. 510-514;

[10] Galbraith, J. K., Perfect society. On the agenda: human welfare, Eurosong & Book

Publishing House, 1997, pp.91;

[11] Bouthoul, G., The War, Military Publishing House, Bucharest, 1978, p.109-110;

[12] Rees,W.D., Management Arts, Bucharest, Technical Publishing House, 1996, pp. 29;

[13] Wewick, K.E., Enacted Sensemaking in Crisis Situations, in Journal of Management Studies,

1988, vol. 25, p.305-317.

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