Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.
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Transcript of Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.
![Page 1: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Internal Structure of City
Urban Land Use Pattern
![Page 2: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Types of Land Use• There are different types of land
use such as• Commercial land use• Residential land use• Industrial land use• Institutional land use• Transportation land use• Recreational land use
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Functional Segregation• Similar activities tend to aggregate
together because of• Similar locational requirements and• External economies of scale • different types activities are
separated from each other because• Different locational requirements • Different rent-paying ability• Conflicts amongst them
![Page 7: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Bid Rent Mechanism• Land rent decreases with increasing
distance from city centre• competition for land and accessibility
push up the land value/rent• different land use has different rent
curve• because they have different demand
for accessibility and space
![Page 8: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Commercial land use• needs large number of people to
support their business• Greater market threshold• highest demand for accessibility• require less space• Can afford higher rent
![Page 9: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Residential land use• Accessibility is not important• require more space (especially
high class residential area)• cannot afford high rent
![Page 10: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Industrial land use• Accessibility is not very
important– require large area of space
• cannot afford high unit rent• There is great difference between
light and heavy industry
![Page 11: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bid Rent Curve
City centre
Distance (km)
commercial
industrial
residential
Rent ($/m2)
![Page 12: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bid Rent Curve
commercial
industrial
City centre
Distance (km)
residential
Rent ($/m2)
![Page 13: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Demand for Space• High order retailing business locates
nearer to _______________ comparing with wholesaling business because it can afford higher rent and occupies ____________ space.
• High class residential area locates ____________________ city centre so as to get more space.
• Heavy industries locate in suburban because ____________________ is needed.
![Page 14: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Commuter’s zone
Middle class residential
Low class residential
Transition ZoneC.B.D.
Concentric Model
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Industrial area can be found along the __________and __________because
river railway
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Low class residential areas are located next to ___________and ___________________ because industrial area
C.B.D.
![Page 18: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
High class residential area can also be found next to _________ and _______________________ because
It is also be located away from __________________ because
the Governor’s house sea shore
industrial area
![Page 19: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Mutual Relationship between Different Types of Land Use
• Some land uses are mutually exclusive
• Some land uses are mutually support
• This will lead to segregation and aggregation of land uses
![Page 20: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Impact of transport network
Industrial area
High class residential area
Low class residential area
Middle class residential area
![Page 21: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
• Multiple Nuclei Model
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Burgess
Concentric Model
Hoyt
Sectoral Model
Harris & Ullman
Multiple nuclei Model
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Other Factors• Government planning
– New town planning– Land use zoning– Urban renewal
• Physical factors e.g. Relief
• Historical factors• Behavioural factors
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• Central Business District(C.B.D.) is located at __________ of the city.
• Since the C.B.D. is near to the docks and harbour, it is believed that the early function of the city was ____.
• The rise of regional centres because
heart
port
![Page 27: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• At some junction of arterial / major transport routes
• Relatively high accessibility• Especially accessible to the local
population• Reach the market threshold of
some middle order goods / services
![Page 28: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Hierarchy of Business Centre
•C.B.D.
•Regional business centres
•Community business centres
![Page 29: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Rent
Distance
Rent
Distance
community function
regional function
![Page 30: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
If the level of accessibility of the street junction deteriorates as a result of urban blight, how would the bid-rent curves and land use pattern be affected? Rent
Distance
![Page 31: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Main road
Side street
Higher accessibility
![Page 32: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Example
Regional centre
Community Centre
Neighbourhood Centre
Mong Kok, Causeway BayShun Lee Shopping centreShun On Shopping centre
![Page 33: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
specialized functional commercial areas
• External economies of scale /• Agglomeration benefits• Reputation• Similar requirements• Ancillary services• e.g. Golden Shopping Centre
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highway-oriented shopping ribbons
![Page 35: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Burgess
Concentric Model
Hoyt
Sectoral Model
Harris & Ullman
Multiple nuclei Model
![Page 36: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Floor
City centreDistance from city centre
Dentist
JewelryAirline
Solicitor
Accountant
Doctor
Trading
Trading
Shipping
Accountant
Audit firm
Fitness
Trading
Boutique
Fast food
Residential
Residential
Supermarket
Chinese Herb
Residential
Residential
Residential
Residential
Residential
Residential
Labour union
Travel agent
Residential
Residential
Residential
Residential
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Vertical Zonation
![Page 37: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
• Central Business District
• Mixed land use zone
• Residential area
•Zone A is •Zone B is•Zone C is
![Page 38: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Central Business District
![Page 39: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Characteristics of CBD• heart of city• focus of major
transport routes• highest accessibility• limited space• keen competition of
land use• highest rent• tall buildings• modern buildings
• high order retailing business
• airline companies
• traffic congestion
• vertical zonation
• Central District
• Tsim Sha Tsui
![Page 40: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Mixed land use• Urban decay• slum / poor living
environment• lack of open space• traffic congestion• Pollution• hawkers• poor sanitation• high crime rate
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Mixed land use• Lower buildings• vertical zonation - commercial land use o
ccupies the lower floors• residential land use occupies the upper fl
oors• higher order shops are located at main str
eets; lower order shops are located at side-streets
• factories and workshops are found in back street
![Page 42: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Urban Population Density
City Centre
Population Density
Distance
![Page 43: Internal Structure of City Urban Land Use Pattern.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc95503460f94abff24/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
City Centre
Population Density
Distance
Urban expansion
Change of Population Density over time
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Comparison
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Western Vs Non-western Cities
Western City Non-western City
Suburbanization counter-urbanization
Rural-urban migration influx of population
Good transport network
Poor tarnsportation development
Good economic development
Poor economic development
Well-developed C.B.D.
Limited high order business
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Urban sprawl, suburbanization, counter-urbanization
Urban push Rural pull