PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITYKANTIPUR INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURELUBHU

SUBMITTED BY: Group BALISHA SHRESTHA-2

BHUMIKA SHRESTHA-4POOJA SHRESTHA-7

RASNA SHRESTHA-10SHRADDHA DOTEL-15

What is meant by ‘Principles of interior design’

Principles of Interior design

Balance Rhythm

Scale and proportion

Emphasis

Harmony

Asymmetrical balance

Visual balance

Rhythm

• Rhythm can be accomplished through the following means:

1.Repetition2.Transition3.Radiation 4.Gradation5.Opposition

Rhythm by repetition

• The repeated use of certain objects or physical attributes of décor elements

• For example: a series of similar vases lining a mantle or a stock of books on the shelf

• Similarly themed homework and arts will also contribute to the theme of your interior design

• Repetition is the simplest way to attain rhythm and can be achieved by repeating any elements of design or design concepts in an organized and regular way

Rhythm by transition• Rhythm through transition gently leads the eye through a

continuous, uninterrupted flow from one area within a space to another.

• For example, curved lines are generally used to lead the eye along a desired path.

Rhythm by radiation• Radiation is another type of Rhythm which is closely related

to radial balance• This type of

rhythm can give a room a circular

radiation feeling.

Rhythm by gradation• Interior design elements placed according to size from smaller

to bigger ones, or perhaps according to gradient of colors• Rhythm can also be achieved through gradation. Examples are

a gradation of color or a series of objects that start small and become large in a very regular manner

Rhythm by opposition• A form of rhythm that is created by lines intersecting and/or meeting at right angles.• This picture shows the striped rug going horizontally and then the striped pillows that go the opposite direction.

Scale and proportion• Proportion refers to how the elements within

an object relate to the object as a whole while scale relates to the size of an object compared to the space in which it is located.

EmphasisThe single element of emphasis in his bathroom is the sink structure.

The sink draws your eye to it because of the bold gold and brown color, the shape and size of the element in the room.. The shape provides movement in the space and the colors complement the wall color behind it. In this small area, the sink dominates the space.

Elements

• The elements of design are the fundamental building blocks of any composition.

• These pieces work together to form a unified composition, and when utilized successfully, create a strong, dynamic visual layout.

• The designer uses these elements as tools that control how a message is delivered to an audience.

• These elements can be applied to fine art, photography and graphic design.

Elements of interior design

• SPACE• SHAPE• LINE• FORM• TEXTURE• COLOR• PATTERN

Shape• A shape is defined as • a two or more dimensional area. • All objects are composed of shapes and all other 'Elements of

Design' are shapes in some way. • Shape is a flat image with two dimensions: Length and Width.• Any self-contained area with defined form or outline. • It refers to the nature of an enclosure, actual or implied, formed

by a line/curve on a flat surface. • Examples of "shape" in this context include "a geometric shape"

(e.g. square), "organic shape" (flower-shaped object). • Perceivable area• Shapes can be created by enclosing line, or by color and value

changes which define edges.

Lines

Lines

Lines

Lines

Form• Form is the outlined edges of a three-dimensional object.• It has length, width, and depth (or height) as well as volume and mass• Form can be measured, from top to bottom (height), side to side

(width), and from back to front (depth).• Form is also defined by light and dark.• It can be defined by the presence of shadows on surfaces or faces of

an object.• There are two types of form, geometric (man- made) and natural

(organic form). • Form maybe created by the combining of two or more shapes. • It maybe enhanced by tone, texture and color• It can be illustrated or constructed. • It has volume and mass.

Form

Form

Form

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

• A residence is an establishment where it was originally or currently being used by a host as their main place of dwelling or home.

• Architecturally, a residence is typically a house, mansion, cottage or even grand castles and palaces. A residence is offered to travelers as temporary lodgings where they can rent a room.

• The rooms are generally furnished in the style which complements the architecture type of the building

Components of residence

• Bedroom• Living room• Drawing room• Dining room• kitchen• Study room

DINING ROOM• A dining room is a room for consuming food.• In modern times it is usually adjacent to the kitchen for convenience in serving, although

in medieval times it was often on an entirely different floor level.

• Historically the dining room is furnished with a rather large dining table and a number of dining chairs; the most common shape is generally rectangular with two armed end chairs and an even number of un-armed side chairs along the long sides.

DINING ROOM• Radial symmetry• Focus• Similar arrangement of

dining chairs gives rhythm by repetition

• Rhythm by radiation• Rhythm by

gradation• Horizontal and vertical

lines in book shelf

DINING ROOM• If we cut the picture on its centre, it gives symmetrical balance• Rhythm by repetition is created by duplication of dining chairs• Picture on the centre creates the focal point of the room• Rhythm by opposition due toearthy dining black and white contrast

DINING ROOM• Rhythm by radiation is createdby the flower vase at the centre• Use of same colors creates spacious and proportionate room• Curved lines of chair legs• Harmony of furniture and color

KITCHEN

• Smooth and rough texture on wall• Horizontal lines

KITCHEN

• Rhythm

KITCHEN

• Contrasting colors

DINING ROOM

• Focus of Vase

• Radiation is a balance around a central point. Dining chairs around a round table radiate around the center of the table. Tree branches usually radiate around the tree's trunk.

DINING ROOM FURNITURE

• Dining table• Dining chairs• Bar and counter stool• Dining benches• Bar cabinets and carts

DINING ROOM FURNITURES

Dining table Dining chairs

Circular Dining Table Sizes

RECTANGULAR DINING TABLE

SQUARE DINING TABLE

Rectangular and Oval Dining

• Notes - the 'No shared area' column represents a seating arrangement where there's nobody occupying the ends of the table.

• For the 10 person 'minimum size' and 'ideal size' arrangement there would be 1 person occupying each end of the table.

• For the 12 person 'minimum size' and 'ideal size' arrangement there would be 2 people occupying each end of the table.

DINING ROOM FURNITURES• Bar height designs are slightly higher, typically featuring

seat heights of 30"to 32". Counter height chairs are generally 24" to 26" high. Plan on leaving8" to 12" of leg room between the stool and the bottom of your table for maximum comfort.

Bar and counter stool

DINING ROOM FURNITURES

• Dining benches

DINING ROOM FURNITURES

• Bar cabinets and carts

Living room

LIVING ROOM

Definition and history • In Western architecture, a living room or lounge room (informal:

lounge) is a room in a residential house or apartment for relaxing and socializing.

• The term living room was coined in the late 19th or early 20th century.

• A typical Western living room may contain furnishings such as a sofa, chairs, occasional tables, coffee tables, bookshelves, electric lamps, rugs, or other furniture.

• The term sitting room is sometimes used synonymously with living room.

• The term sitting room is sometimes used synonymously with living room

Example of living room

Cont..

• Tones of grey give this living room scheme a warm and welcoming feel

• It follows the Industrial Modern style and follow the Emphasis principle

• Focal point of this living room is its starburst clock

• Due to its carpet, transform cardboard tubes into a fun flower shape and mount on the wall make it unique.

Living room example

Cont.…

• This room has been given lively authentic decor with a mix of bright pattern and vintage finds.

• The neutral walls and wood floor is transformed with furniture pieces in a complementary combination of orange and blue.

• The floral sofa pops out in array of color and pattern against a large red and white rug.

• Attention-to-detail accessories make the room lived in, comfortable and fun.

• This living room follow the Gradation principle.

Example of living room

Cont.…• The alcoves of this bright living room have been put to

good use• This living room follow the Repetition Principle.• Bespoke shelves display pretty objects while a decorated

Ikea cupboard fills the other. White paint, soft grey, floral wallpaper and vintage handles have transformed the otherwise plain piece into something tailor made for the room

• A soft grey armchair fits perfectly underneath the shelves, while smart stripes and a rattan wood basket add texture.