Intergrated Floating Village
description
Transcript of Intergrated Floating Village
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MARCH 2014
Integated Floating Village
as Solution for
Jakartas Fishermen Social and Economic Problems
Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)
Mochammad Imron
Aldea Permatasari Firdhaus
Amalia Handini Astari
Aulia Fatwa Farizqa
Submitted for:
Indonesia-Netherlands Water Challenge 2013-2014
Arranged by:
Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Team
Assisted by:
Deltares
DELTARES Daniel Tollenaar Janjaap Brinkman
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Background Page 1
Floating House for Fishermen Page 2
Largest Fishing Market in Southeast Asia Page 3
Fishing Museum Page 4
Seafood Restaurant Page 5
Tourishing Ship Page 6
Reef Ball Page 6
Sparkling Thing Page 8
Global View Concept of Floating Village Page 11
Conclusion Page 12
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Reclamation Area and Number of Fishermen Need to be Relocated Page 2
Figure 2 Floating House Concept for Fishermen Village Page 2
Figure 3 Jakartas Fishing Market Concept, same as Tsukiji Market in Japan Page 3
Figure 4 Layout of Tsukiji Market in Japan, will be used in Jakarta Page 4
Figure 5 Example of Fish Painting at Fish Museum Page 4
Figure 6 Example of Traditional Fishing Tools at Fish Museum Page 5
Figure 7 Example of Map at Fish Museum Page 5
Figure 8 Fresh Fishes for Seafood Restaurant Page 5
Figure 9 Phinisi Concept for Tourishing Concept Page 6
Figure 10 Reef Ball Page 6
Figure 11 The Expectation After Reef Ball Built Page 7
Figure 12 Size of Reef Balls for Floating Village Page 7
Figure 13 Strontium Oxidate Aluminate in the Dark Page 8
Figure 14 Design Cube Allspark Shape Page 9
Figure 15 Lights Spectrum Page 10
Figure 16 Integrated Floating Village Location Page 11
Figure 17 Integrated Floating Village Layout Page 12
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BACKGROUND
According to BPS data, Indonesias central statistic agency, more than 22% Indonesia fishermen
economic level are lower than poverty line. Nowadays, Indonesia poor people number has reached
34.96 million people, and 63.47% of it are those who leave near the shore. Beside poverty, they
have to cope with water pollution, worsening their economic condition by lowering fish quality.
This condition is getting worse by government plan to solve Jakarta Bays problem, lower land
than Mean Sea Level that caused by land subsidence that caused by overburden pressure added
with living load in Jakarta and also excessive ground water usage. In trying to solve that problem,
it had been decided to construct Jakarta Giant Garuda. At Jakarta-side of Giant Garuda, a reservoir
will be created to store rainwater before it is pumped to Java Sea. Although sluices are planned for
providing access to fishing ground, it is safe to say that access wont as easy as before. Instead of
solution, Giant Garuda might be a threat for the fishermen community livelihood.
How does Giant Garuda construction worsen Jakarta Bays fishermen problem? In constructing
Giant Garuda, Jakarta will also be developed as new front city. The coastal area, the current
territory of fishermens villages, will surely be consumed for development. And if their territory
wont be consumed, it will be more difficult to reach fishing ground. Both problems can be solved
by relocating the fishermen from Northern Jakarta Coastal area and create a new floating area
behind Giant Garuda or altering their livelihood from fishermen to bank employee or any other
occupation.
In order to support Indonesia as maritime country, fishermen village relocation is considered to be
the best solution. How could possibly maritime country consist of abundant bank employee
instead of fishermen? We might have questioned it. For preserving fishermen livelihood, and
keeping in mind that by Giant Garuda construction, fishermen will be living behind the sea wall.
The ocean where they earn their living will be on the other side of Giant Garuda. Relocation will
be the best idea to solve fishermen distance problem in reaching their living earning area.
In this paper, discussion will be focused on proposed solution in order to solve Jakarta Bay
Fishermen social and economic problem
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FLOATING HOUSE FOR FISHERMEN
The majority of the bay's coastal communities consist of people living below the poverty line.
Most of them work as fishermen. The existing of Giant Garudas project has an impact on the
living area of North Jakartas fishermen. We need to relocate them since they have living right in
North Jakarta.
As mentioned on data in the picture on
the side, numbers of fishermen need to
be relocated are around 7.000 people.
With assumption that one family
consist of 1 fisherman, we need to
provide 7.000 houses. We create small
houses with length 10 meters and width
6 meters. Clearance area between
adjacent houses of 1 meter. means a
plot will be in fact 11x7 (half a meter
around every house).
Then the total area will be 11x7x2000 = 539.000 m2. For road access, at least we need the same
area as house area. So, the floating village for residence area needs 1.078.000 m2.
The simple design concept for this floating
houses mentions below. A floating structure
which is made of long term materials, houses
could be built on. The people in the villages
will live in houses with floating platforms.
Their outhouses are made out of simple
wooden plank just above the open water.
Figure 1 Reclamation Area and Number of Fishermen Need to be Relocated
Figure 2 Floating House Concept for Fishermen Village
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LARGEST FISHING MARKET IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Before the 1950s, salt fish was the major catch sold in Jakarta Bay. Today, Jakarta Bay is still the
major fish supplier for Jakartas area. It continues to play an important role in the fishing industry.
The catch of fish in Jakarta Bay accounts for over one-third of the total catch of fish in Indonesia.
This fisherman port will be provided with marketing services for fishermen and fish retailers at the
floating village.
One another challenge faced by Indonesia is AEC 2015. The different ASEAN countries in the
region have very clear strategic intent. ASEAN Economic Community 2015 envisions a single
market and production base, a highly competitive region, a region of equitable economic
development and a region fully integrated into the global economy. It is a huge opportunity and
also a high competency between ASEAN Counties. Indonesia as the largest maritime country in
South East Asia needs to develop its maritime sector to survive and get more benefit since
Indonesia is the most potential maritime country compared to other countries in ASEAN.
The major initiatives that contributed to the increased domestic sales are the conduct of and
participation in local and international trade fairs, and market facilitation. Fish is one the most
potential commodity of Indonesia. Indonesia is surrounded by oceans, but doesnt have large
fishing port and market.
Jakartas bay is the potential area for
developing largest fishing market in
ASEAN. The existing largest fishing
market in the world, Tsukiji Fish Market in
Japan, handles more than 400 different
types of seafood. Overall, more than
700,000 metric tons of seafood are handled
every year at the three seafood markets in
Tokyo, with a total value in excess of 600
billion yen (approximately 5.9 billion US
dollars on November 24, 2013).
Figure 3 Jakartas Fishing Market Concept, same as Tsukiji Market
in Japan
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The number of registered employees as of 25
January 2010 varies from 60,000 to 65,000,
including wholesalers, accountants,
auctioneers, company officials, and
distributors.
If Jakarta can make such a large market like
Tsukiji in Japan, it will be such a huge scale
innovation; projected to handling around
700.000 metric tons of seafood every year. It
can provide livelihood to 60.000 employees
from Jakartas area, a great opportunity for
Jakarta, Indonesia, ASEAN, and the world.
FISH MUSEUM
The floating village will have the greatest and the most
unique Fish Museum. As we design, it will contain a lot
of paintings, picture or diorama of fishes that only exist
in Indonesia, displaying a lot of traditional fishing
tools, fish location maps, and the maps of maritime
tourism.
The paintings will tell stories about the how Indonesia
used to be maritime country, how our history said were
a sailor once, etcetera. It also has to be tell us about the
special fish in Indonesia.
Figure 4 Layout of Tsukiji Market in Japan, will be used in
Jakarta
Figure 5 Example of Fish Painting at Fish Museum
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Until now, Indonesia is still well-known as a
maritime country; we have a lot of beach and
of course a lot of fishermen. So, we propose
the museum to display a lot about our
traditional fishing tools.
What is also strong about the museum is the
idea to put a lot of maps; fish location and also
tourism location. This would be interesting
because our purpose is to give knowledge to
people who visit the museum, Indonesian and
also foreigner.
We could gather the data for this side of
museum from the Ministry of Maritime Affairs
and Fisheries. The example of the map shown
on figure 7.
SEAFOOD RESTAURANT
The idea to make a unique seafood restaurant was
based on the needs of fulfilling humans necessity.
To complete the integrated tourism place, we
propose to make restaurant that contain a special
service. It will combine with the tour ship which
will take the tourist to a fishing area to catch their
own food.
Figure 6 Example of Traditional Fishing Tools at Fish Museum
Figure 8 Fresh Fishes for Seafood Restaurant
Figure 7 Example of Map at Fish Museum
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Meanwhile, they will also be taken for a tour with the ship. But, If theyre too hungry or in a
hurry, they will only need to pick the fish that theyre going to eat from the restaurant. The foods
that this restaurant offer will only fish that originally come from Indonesia. It will has fish from
the western eastern area of Indonesia.
TOURISHING SHIP
This touring ship will help the tourist to round the
fishermen kampong and the area around it. This ship
become very special because it designed as a Phinisi Ship
which is originally come from the Eastern area of
Indonesia, South Sulawesi.
It might be not as big as the real Phinisi, but still it is a
phinisi. Because we adapt the basic design of the ship
which is: twin masts and seven sails.
So, by giving this experience, we will take the tourist to
the sea for fun and also giving them insight about
Indonesian history.
REEF BALL
For becoming tourism place, we would like try to
explore space between shore land and giant seawall
by planting coral. The purpose of planting this coral
is not only for making this space beautiful, but also
we tried to save our planet but producing oxygen
when the coral photosynthesis.
Figure 10 Reef Ball
Figure 9 Phinisi Concept for Tourishing
Concept
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Unfortunately this cant be happen, because the water in this space is fresh water and the coral is
only can live in salt water. The idea of saving this planet by producing oxygen cant stop there, we
try to find another way to save this planet by giving this idea, and finally we came out with reef
ball and plant underwater herb. In this section we would like to explain about reef ball first.
Reef Ball is a structure of natural or man-made
structures that designed to restore ailing coral reefs
and to create new fishing and scuba diving sites.
Reef Balls are the only artificial reef that can be
floated and towed behind any size boat. Reef Balls
are made of a special, marine friendly, concrete and
are designed to mimic natural reef systems. They are
used around the world to create habitats for fish and
other marine and freshwater species. Reef Balls are
made in many sizes to best match the natural reef
type which is being mimicked.
Biologically, Reef Balls have been shaped to optimize protective void spaces for fish and include
features such as with rough surface textures to enhance coral settlement. Holes designed to create
whirlpools help bring nutrients to animals and plants living on the Reef Ball surface. Designed
reefs don't always cost more than "free" materials.
The biggest expense in building reefs can be getting your reefs into the sea. By clever design, in
this case reef balls will be floated behind any sized boat using the internal float ion bladders used
in the molding process. And skip over-land transportation costs by building your reef next to
where you need them.
To make it look like a real coral, we will plant
some kind of underwater herb, and to make it
more beautiful, we also will combine this reef
ball with GEMACIR-all spark around this reef
ball. In our design, we will make a in a
different size, they are shown in Figure 11.
Figure 12 Size of Reef Balls for Floating Village
Figure 11 The Expectation After Reef Ball Built
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SPARKLING THING
We are not only tried to help a fisherman, but our idea is try to explore the space between shore
land and giant sea wall by making this space be tourist area. To make this place beautiful, our idea
is how to make that place sparkle. The innovation is by making this place sparkle we dont need
any power, but using Gemacir. Gemacir is stand for a glow automatically for coral intensive
growth, thats mean even a tool capable of to yield a radiation when dark without help electrical
energy. It is interesting because the devices able to help the process of photosynthesis coral reefs.
As we know that the coral can only photosynthesis during daylight course, but by using this
innovation the coral reefs can photosynthesis in the night.
This device is building model kind of an artificial reef makes structures reefs from concrete. This
device made of iron cuboid with ribs each carpel 50 centimeters x 50 centimeters x 50 cm
combined with auto glow shaped stick and circle. Components auto glow made up compound
strontium oxide aluminate ( SrAl2O4 ). Strontium aluminate is a solid odorless, nonflammable,
pale yellow powder, heavier than water. It is chemically and biologically inert. When activated
with a suitable dopant (e.g. europium, then it is labeled SrAl2O4:Eu), it acts as a photo
luminescent phosphor with long persistence of phosphorescence.
Strontium aluminate is a vastly superior phosphor to its predecessor, copper-activated zinc sulfide;
it is about 10 times brighter and 10 times longer glowing than ZnS:Cu. It is frequently used in
glow in the dark toys, where it displaces the cheaper but less efficient ZnS:Cu.
However, the material has high hardness, causing abrasion to
the machinery handling it; coating the particles with a suitable
lubricant is usually used when strontium aluminate is added to
plastics. Strontium aluminate phosphors produce green and
aqua hues, where green gives the highest brightness and aqua
the longest glow time. The excitation wavelengths for
strontium aluminate range from 200 to 450 nm. The
wavelength for its green formulation is 520 nm, its blue-green
version emits at 505 nm, and the blue one emits at 490 nm.
Figure 13 Strontium Oxidate Aluminate in
the Dark
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Colors with longer wavelengths can be
obtained from the strontium aluminate
as well, though for the price of some
loss of brightness. The wavelengths
produced depend on the internal crystal
structure of the material. Slight
modifications in the manufacturing
process (the type of reducing
atmosphere, small variations of
stoichiometry of the reagents, addition
of carbon or rare-earth halides) can
significantly influence the emission
wavelengths.
The glow intensity depends on the particle size; generally, the bigger the particles, the better the
glow. So cube can be lighted befits allspark or cubical energy, is expected to help the process of
photosynthesis in organisms. Cube allspark planted on a location where there are coral reefs and in
the area which dead water being and regular as in space between shore land and giant sea wall .
So, this device gives attraction against model restoration organisms. Design cube allspark shown
in figure 14.
Allspark is instrument optimize function photosynthesis on coral reefs, they can to produce energy
more. Photosynthesis main factor is the light to help an edit inorganic compound being organic.
Hence, the placement this device shall meet certain criteria among others
1. Location life reefs will grow at depth 5 - 10 meters
2. The current is stable or region sheltered so growing condition coral reefs will stable.
3. Location safe of zone fishing; shipping and dump waste
Auto glow blue a lighted at night give effect on ecosystem sea especially night. Blue light this will
attract fish to happen interaction coral reefs with coral fishes. This will improve ecological aspect
of ecosystem coral reefs because the scales interaction biota in an ecosystem more intensively.
Figure 14 Design Cube Allspark Shape
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Factor blue light be key in aspect ecological for by Hays (2009), light can helping sight fish in
locating the kinds of plankton and microorganisms existing surface and according to Reggie
(2008) when light passes water, intensity will decline but some the color spectrum can pass
through water easily. Light waves short (blue) more energetic than light waves longer (red) and
therefore lighter energetic will pass through water more easy and fast. A wave that has less
energetic will slower passing over water and finally discharged absorbed by water.
In photosynthesis coral reefs there term indicating the wave spectrum of light best on the reef:
called by PUR (photosynthetic useable medicine radiation). The term is reference to the wave
spectrum of light best to the process of photosynthesis is at wavelengths 400-550 nm to
chlorophyll -a on zooxanthellae and 620-700 nm on chlorophyll- b and long the surge was on
color blue (Orphek, 2012 ). It means at wavelengths the zooxanthellae work optimal to generate
will be used by coral reefs in metabolism is. The wave spectrum of light used optimally on
zooxanthellae when photosynthesis can be seen in this picture.
Compared to model restoration coral reefs type, transplant with growth 6 cm / 24 months then this
method is faster even up double for process income intensive nutrients through process of
photosynthesis in 24 hours. Not just got here, other excellence model restoration this is as follows:
1. Development model of an artificial reef or coral reefs artificial
2. Name allspark is cube energy capable of to produce life, it means cube this provides energy
aid to photosynthesis against coral reefs
Figure 15 Lights Spectrum
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3. Without solar cell in produces emissions of azure-colored
4. Give luminescence or radiation blue in automatic as night so zooxanthellae on coral reefs
capable of producing energy optimally
5. Research to coral reef ecosystems
6. As tourist attraction especially night dive because at night and interaction impressed
luminescing marine fish will intensively light
7. Land new income for local people especially environmental services that sells natural beauty
taken sea.
OVERVIEW LAYOUT OF INTEGRATED FLOATING VILLAGE
Integrated Floating Village projected to be located inside Giant Garuda, shown as figure above.
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Figure 16 Integrated Floating Village Location
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CONCLUSION
With the solution were offering, we are obviously would give a significant contribution in profit
and people. We manage to move fishermen and give them extra income by making their
neighborhood a tourism area. What were not really aware is that we also give a contribution to
the planet.
The contribution to the planet might not be felt directly, but what we do is giving the sense of
awareness about the environment. We put this awareness by showing them how living in water
will be an exciting experience if the area is clean, so that (hopefully) they will moved to keep the
ocean clean.
Also, we do contributing the oxygen by planting some marine habitat. Last but not least, our
contribution to the living is by making aquaculture in fisheries and plants.
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Figure 17 Integrated Floating Village Layout
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Mochammad Imron
Aldea Permatasari Firdhaus
Amalia Handini Astari
Aulia Fatwa Farizqa
March 2014
Institut Teknologi Bandung
(ITB)
Team