Interactions with US scientists Rik Wanninkhof NOAA/AOML, Miami On behalf of Richard Feely,...
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Transcript of Interactions with US scientists Rik Wanninkhof NOAA/AOML, Miami On behalf of Richard Feely,...
Interactions with US scientistsRik Wanninkhof
NOAA/AOML, Miami On behalf of Richard Feely, Associated US representative SSC
Carbon Cycle Coordination and Management in the USA USA- CarboOcean management and science interface Research highlights
US Carbon Cycle Research
Overseen by a Carbon Cycle Interagency Working Group (NSF,NOAA,NASA, DOE, USGS, USDA…. )
Advised by a US Carbon Cycle Scientific Steering group led by Jim Yoder, WHOI, Richard Feely & Scott Doney - ocean representatives
North American Carbon Program (NACP) Terrestrial (and coastal ocean) carbon cycling and sequestration in the US: -
Science meeting January 2007, Colorado Springs
Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry Program, Program office in Woods Hole- http://ocb.whoi.edu
Project Components
Ø community building and supportØ workshop sponsorshipØ data management (including data recovery, enhanced availability and long-
term archive) Annual summer meeting July 23rd-26th, 2007 in Woods Hole MA.
On site representative: Joanie Kleypass
Ocean Carbon and Climate Change Program (OCCC)Sub-component of OCB
Significant OCB planning reports 2006
US SOLAS US Ocean AcidificationImp. Strategy Report
Organizational Framework for USA Collaborations in CarboOcean
Scientific Steering CommitteeAssociated US representative: Richard Feely, NOAA/PMELExternal participant for database coordination: Alex Kozyr, DOE/ORNL
International Advisory Panel of the Integrated Project CarboOceanNick Bates, BIOS Steve Emerson, U. Washington Inez Fung, Berkeley Joanie Kleypas, UCAR Scott Doney, WHOI
USA Scientific Partners in CarboOceanMichael Bender, Princeton Klaus Keller, Penn StateAndrew Dickson, SIO Tim Lueker, SIORichard Feely, PMEL Jorge Sarmiento, Princeton[Niki Gruber, UCLA] Rik Wanninkhof, AOMLDavid Hutchins, Delaware Alex Kosyr, ORNLGeorge Jackson Texas A&M Ralph Keeling, SIORobert Key, Princeton
Should membership be updated and/or re-assessed??
Collaborative efforts: S. E. Mikaloff Fletcher and N. Gruber and A.R. Jacobson and S. C. Doney and S. Dutkiewicz and M. Gerber and M. Follows and and F. Joos and K. Lindsay and D. Menemenlis and A. Mouche and S. Müller and J. Sarmiento,Inverse Estimates of Anthropogenic CO2 Uptake, Transport, and Storage by the Ocean gbc,2006,20,doi:10.1029/2005GB002530
S. E. Mikaloff Fletcherand N. Gruber and A.R. Jacobson and M. Gloor and S. C. Doney and S. Dutkiewicz and M. Gerber and M. Follows and and F. Joos and K. Lindsay and D. Menemenlis and A. Mouchet and S. Müller and J. Sarmiento,Inverse estimates of the oceanic sources and sinks of natural CO2 and the implied oceanic carbon transport gbc, 2006, in press
Should framework of collaboration be re-assessed?? Bottom-up versus top-down
US CLIVAR CO2 repeat hydrography
A13.5 move from 2010 to 2009
Decadal CO2 changes in a changing ocean What is the true ∆Canthro signal ?
∆DICbio (O2) = 0.82 mol m-2 yr-1
∆DICbio (NO3) = 0.39 mol m-2 yr-1
∆DIC = 0.58 mol m-2 yr-1
E-MLR = 0.68 mol m-2 yr-1
∆DICe-mlr= f(Si, NO3, AOU, S,T)
∆DICdmlr= 33+0.034Si+0.31NO3-0.047AOU-1.08S+0.665 T
http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gccBrown: Explorer: Skogafoss: http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/uwpco2/ Ka'imimoana: Columbus Waikato:http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/CO2/PalmerGould
NOAA pCO2 on ships programMonitoring effort! (Be careful what you wish for)
* 3 VOS in North Atlantic (Monthly-Weekly)(US-Iceland, US-Bermuda, Caribbean)
* 3 Research ships in North Atlantic* 3 Data sites- 1 central QC -
(Sent on the CDIAC -no data embargo)
SHIP # Cruises # Data Points % Recovery*R/V Brown 12 47,551 86.1%
M/V Skogafoss 7 31,210 61.0%Explorer of the Seas 46 67,177 80.0%
RVIB Palmer 7 84,909 98.0%R/V Ka'imimoana 4 54,537 85.0%
R/V Atlantic Explorer 6 months 38,920 86.1%M/V Cap Victor 6 96,239 91.0%M/V Oleander 8 months 63,120 67.6%
RSMAS AOML PMEL BIOS (BBSR)
LDEO GOOS (AOML)
Participants
TA/DIC Samples
Brown Explorer Skogafoss
Oleander Atlantic Explorer
Palmer TSG QC + Maint enance Tasks /Ships
KaÕimimoana Castilla (Cap Victor)
Instrum ent Development
Data Destination
www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gcc
www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/uwpco2
www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/pi/CO2/
CDIAC cdiac.ornl.gov
Products Flux Maps fCO2 Coastal Ocean pCO2
http://www.bbsr.edu/Labs/co2lab/vos.html
NOAA pCO2 on ships project
FY-06 performance
≈ 483 K points
Carbo Ocean question: Will UK effort continue in near-term?
New NOAA VOS line ?
Near real time data display
www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gcc
Instrumentation
Status of GO (General Oceanics) systems
* 6-units in December, 6-units shortly (?)thereafter. Based on time of ordering* Initial product support assistance by Kevin Sullivan and Denis Pierrot, NOAA/AOML
First production run at GO
Issue: Lack of tried and true old parts and subcomponents:LiCor , UIC coulometer
Approach (Lee et al. 1998, Park et al., 2006):
pCO2SWym =[pCO2SW1995m + (pCO2SW/SST)1995m SSTym1995m]
Create seasonal (pCO2SW/SST) relationships from Takahashi Climatologyand apply it the interannual ocean temperature anomalies
320
330
340
350
360
370
25
26
27
28
29
30
2 4 6 8 10 12
example_20N, 292_5E
PCO2_SW
Temp (ÞC)
PC
O2
SW
(ua
tm)
Temp (Þ
C)
MONTH
320
330
340
350
360
370
25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 29
example_20N, 292_5E
pCO2_J_ApCO2_M_ApCO2_S-D
PC
O2
SW
(uat
m)
Temp (ÞC)
An initial global estimate of variability in air-sea fluxes
Results using a decade of remotely sensed SST and winds combined with (∂pCO2SW/∂SST) relationships
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
Flux Park et al. (2006)Flux , this work
U10
Ann
ual F
lux
(Pg
C)
U1
0 (m s
-1)
year
Interannual changes ± 0.16 Pg C year-1
Other ocean (model) estimates are in this range as well
Interannual variability
Most of the variability (≈70 %) attributed to the Eq. Pac. ENSO
50 % due the ∆pCO2 anomalies; 50 % due to wind speed variability
Large regional changes- low global changes : regional compensating effects?
Closing thoughts on increased formal collaboration
Formal agreements on regional seasonal flux maps Post-doc/ young investigator exchange funded by NSF/ EU? Sponsored meetings for individual topics between US and EU? -Underway Sponsored joint development of instruments, observing systems -Underway