Interaction in conversation part ii (blog)
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INTERACTIONAL FEATURES IN CONVERSATION ANALYSIS
ByLuis Carlos Lasso Montenegro
ADJANCENCY PAIRSIs the basic unit of interaction composed of two turns which
are produced by different speakers.
U1 – Related to – U2
Characteristics • Consist of two utterances. • Utterances are adjacent.• Different speakers produce each utterance.• Include different types of exchanges.
Ex: Question/Answer
A: I’ve got a meeting this afternoon, haven’t I?B: Yeah, that’s right. With Henry and Tom.
Reference: Thornbury, S. and Slade, D. (2006). Conversation: From description to pedagogy. Cambridge University Press
A: Now who can I make an iced coffee for? B: Oh I think you could make one for my fat stomach.
A: You don’t like fish?B: No, it’s not that I don’t like it, it’s the way it is done.
A: Jerry, hi, where’s our cake?B: It’s coming, it’s coming. (laugh)
A: Mmm, don’t speak with your mouth half full, pull the bloody thing out. B: I will do what I bloody well like.
A: Great haircut.B: Do you think? The hair color burnt my scalp.
A: Hand me the knife from the bench, will you?B: Here you go.
Preferred SequenceLess face-threatening
response
Accepting an InvitationGranting a Request
Responding a ComplimentAccepting an offer
SEQUENCEIt is an adjacency pair U1 – U2
and any expansions of that adjacency determined by a choice of responses.
Dispreferred Sequence Face-threatening response ConversationalCooperativeness
Rejecting an InvitationRefusing a RequestResponding a ComplimentExpressing an Apology
Reference: Thornbury, S. and Slade, D. (2006). Conversation: From description to pedagogy. Cambridge University Press
MOVES AND EXCHANGESA move is the basic semantic unit in interactive
talk and determines the way speakers negotiate the exchange of meaning.
Characteristics • Conversation Utterances. • Indicate turn-transfer.• Can be assigned a speech function. •Include Initiating, Expected & Discretionary moves.
Ex: Initiating Move
A: What do you think of Jake?Speech Function: Question
A: I think Jake is bigheaded.Speech Function: Declarative
Reference: Thornbury, S. and Slade, D. (2006). Conversation: From description to pedagogy. Cambridge University Press
Expected Responding Moves
• Finish the exchange.• Support the speaker’s
proposition. Answer– Acknowledge
Response (offer/command)
A: What do you think of Jake?B: I think he’s all right.
Discretionary Moves• Open up the exchange and further negotiation is needed.
Tracking & ResponseChallenge & Response
A: What do you think of Jake?B: Well, he was unfriendly.A: He’s just shy. That’s all
Initiating Moves(Primary Speech Functions)
Command – Statement – Offer – Question – Rhetorical A: What do you think of Jake?
TURNTAKING IN CONVERSATIONThe way speakers take turns in a conversation to make it keep sense and flow coherently. This involves the implicit
signals that are understood by participants.
Turn-Constructional Unit(TCU)
The clear and systematic semantic units that
constitute a complete turn of a talk.
One speaker at a time.Speaker change recurs.
Examples:
A: Do you want to have a drink? B: That sounds great!
A: Do you want a drink? We could go somewhere after work.
Reference: Thornbury, S. and Slade, D. (2006). Conversation: From description to pedagogy. Cambridge University Press
Thanks for your attention!