Intelligence Analysis ToolsIntelligence Analysis Tools

PRS 3 Michele A. MeltonPRS 3 Michele A. MeltonUpstate New York Regional Upstate New York Regional

Intelligence CenterIntelligence CenterMinneapolis, MinnesotaMinneapolis, Minnesota

March 29, 2007March 29, 2007

Information: Only Scratches the Surface

Intelligence: Reveals the Whole Picture

Law Enforcement Intelligence: Collection

Efforts Prior to 9-11-01

Often InformalOften Informal

Often RedundantOften Redundant

Lacked Sufficient Lacked Sufficient ProceduresProcedures

Lacked PrioritizationLacked Prioritization

Limited SupportLimited Support

Lacked AnalysisLacked Analysis

September 11, 2001• 2,973 people killed2,973 people killed

• Defining moment for law enforcement agencies nationwideDefining moment for law enforcement agencies nationwide

• Highlighted the critical need for the flow and exchange of Highlighted the critical need for the flow and exchange of information and intelligenceinformation and intelligence

• Indicators development becomes investigative focusIndicators development becomes investigative focus

• Added a new sense of urgency to interagency cooperationAdded a new sense of urgency to interagency cooperation

• Moved Terrorism & Intelligence initiatives to the forefront of Moved Terrorism & Intelligence initiatives to the forefront of many law enforcement agencies concernsmany law enforcement agencies concerns

• Strained resources of law enforcement statewideStrained resources of law enforcement statewide

“We can never let this happen again.” -New York Governor, George E. Pataki

Intelligence: The Need for a Statewide, Proactive

Approach• The Problem: As with many other government agencies, law

enforcement agency information tended to be “silo’d”- restricted to the creator and owner of the information, and never shared with other agencies.

• The Solution: The Fusion Center concept. The fusion center reduces the compartmentalization of information by eliciting the involvement of law enforcement agencies at every level in its intelligence gathering efforts:

– Federal

– State

– County

– Local

Fusion Centers

• What is a fusion center?

• How does a fusion center operate?

• What services does a fusion center provide?

• Who staffs a fusion center?

– Sworn law enforcement

– Civilians

540 Local, County and State Law Enforcement Agencies.

More than 75,000 Full Time Sworn Officers.

More than 3,000 Probation Officers Statewide. Work 24 – 7.

Eyes and ears.

Well-positioned to

supply critical information and intelligence.

New York State Law Enforcement

The UNYRIC is a multi-agency, co-located intelligence center designed to gather

and analyze information and disseminate terrorism-related and criminal intelligence to our local, tribal, state and federal law enforcement

partners in New York State.

Upstate New York Regional Intelligence Center

UNYRIC Goals

• Detect and prevent crime and future terrorist activity

• Develop and disseminate information on all crimes and terrorism related activities

• Serve as a “One Stop Shopping” Center

• Support Field Intelligence Officers across the State through:

• Case Support

• Actionable Intelligence

• Awareness Bulletins

• Safety Bulletins

• Trend Analysis

Investigative Focus Areas at UNYRIC

• Criminal Intelligence – i.e. US DOJ Index Crimes

• Cross-border Criminality• Financial Crimes (money laundering,

identity theft)• Gangs• Illicit Gambling• Narcotics • Organized Crime• Terrorism – Domestic and International• Weapons Trafficking

Elements for Success - Why the UNYRIC and Fusion Centers Make a

Difference

• Enlisting the aid of state/county/local law enforcement.Enlisting the aid of state/county/local law enforcement.

• Maintaining a continuous dialogue between:Maintaining a continuous dialogue between:

– Local agenciesLocal agencies

– County agenciesCounty agencies

– State agenciesState agencies

– Federal agenciesFederal agencies

• Incorporating sophisticated analytical techniques to support Incorporating sophisticated analytical techniques to support cases and promote strategic decision making.cases and promote strategic decision making.

• Obtaining support from state government officials.Obtaining support from state government officials.

Role of Analysis in Law Enforcement

• Historically

• Analysts used to generate summary statistics (i.e.

Index Crime Reports)

• Not traditionally used to support or direct law

enforcement officer activities

• Today

• Analysts support, focus and direct law enforcement

activities and critical incident responses.

• Used to create “the big picture.”

• Provide Tactical Intelligence• Providing analysis, maps, and data to support an operation or

disaster response effort.

• Fulfilling short term, case-specific needs.

• Provide Strategic Intelligence• Taking a “big picture” view of criminal or terrorist activity.

• After-action reviews; pre-planning

What Can Analysts Do?Intelligence

Analytical Tools

Analyzing large amounts of information can be a challenge. Useful tools for managing and displaying your data include:

I2 – Analyst’s Notebook – supports timeline and link chart analysis.

Excel – supports a multitude of functions and other software applications.

Access – useful for managing large volumes of information on a multitude of subjects.

Penlink/ACISS – supports toll analysis.ARC GIS manages large numbers of location information. MS Publisher and Adobe PDF- useful for packaging info.

With all the technology available, it is easy to forget …

The human element of analysis -1) Reviewing the data set for trends and typos before

analyzing it.2) Understanding the information in front of you –

what is it supposed to show you?3) Outlining your analytical questions before

analyzing the data.4) Communicating with your lead investigators at all

times – are the results making sense to them? 5) Having another set of eyes review the data and

analysis - what do they see?

Association or Link Charts

Satellite Images

Timelines

Crime and Event Mapping

Conclusion

• Fusion centers are key to fighting crime and terrorism.

• Educating the field must continue.

• Quality analytical products are essential to supporting law enforcement’s efforts.

• Information sharing and compatible technology are vital.

““Fighting terrorism is like Fighting terrorism is like being a goal keeper. You being a goal keeper. You can make a hundred can make a hundred brilliant saves but the only brilliant saves but the only shot that people remember shot that people remember is the one that gets past is the one that gets past you.”you.”

Paul WilkinsonPaul WilkinsonBritish Scholar & British Scholar & Terrorism ExpertTerrorism Expert

““Fighting terrorism is like Fighting terrorism is like being a goal keeper. You being a goal keeper. You can make a hundred can make a hundred brilliant saves but the only brilliant saves but the only shot that people remember shot that people remember is the one that gets past is the one that gets past you.”you.”

Paul WilkinsonPaul WilkinsonBritish Scholar & British Scholar & Terrorism ExpertTerrorism Expert

QUESTIONS

PRS 3 Michele A. MeltonPRS 3 Michele A. MeltonUNYRICUNYRIC

(518) 786-2125(518) 786-2125