Intellectual Property Overviewjoelsd/capstone/Revised july2018 Intellectual Property...Intellectual...
Transcript of Intellectual Property Overviewjoelsd/capstone/Revised july2018 Intellectual Property...Intellectual...
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Intellectual Property Overview
Sanjiv Chokshi, Esq. Assistant General Counsel ForPatents and Intellectual PropertyDirector of Intellectual PropertyOffice of General CounselFenster Hall- Office 342(973) [email protected]
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Intellectual Property
♦ More than one form of IP protection may apply
♦ Patent – Design patent on the bottle shape – Utility patent on method of fortifying drinks with
vitamins
♦ Trademark on bottle shape and Coke
♦ Copyright on advertising and promotion
♦ Trade Secret on the formula
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Intellectual Property
♦ In the Shark Tank show, entrepreneurs pitch their ideas to a panel of investors (Sharks).
♦ Here are some questions that are often asked by the Sharks:– “Why can’t I just make this product myself?”– “Why do I need you?”– “Do you have a patent or other IP protecting the idea?”
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Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property refers to
creations of the mind
Inventions
Brand Names
Secret Formulas
Content on
Websites
Movies
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Types of Intellectual Property
• InventionsPatents
• Identify source of a product or serviceTrademarks
• Expressions of ideasCopyrights
• Secret information with commercial valueTrade Secrets
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What is a Patent?
• Limited property right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention.
• Does not give the right to practice your invention.
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A Famous Patent
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Types of Patents
• Utility Patents– Protect the way an invention works– 20 year term from filing date– Provisional and Non-provisional applications
• Design Patents– Protect ornamental appearance – 15 year term from issue date
• Plant Patents – Protect new varieties of asexually produced
plants
Apple U.S. Patent No. 8,551,283
Apple Design Patent No. D593,087
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Why Protect Your Inventions
• Showcase your technology♦ Asset when looking for funding♦ Critical factor in obtaining funds for investors
• Block your competition • Protect an area of research while you identify a
product• Licensing revenue• Source of recognition for the inventor• Stimulates innovation and economic growth by
protecting investment
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What Can Be Patented?
U.S. Supreme Court in Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303 (1980)
“. . . anything under the sun that is made by man.”
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What Can Be Patented?
♦ Anything new and useful
♦ Methods, Machines, Compositions of Matter, Manufacture
♦ Mathematical algorithms, laws of nature, and ideas? – No
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Requirements for Patentability
Description/Non-Obvious Enablement
NoveltyUtility
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Novelty
♦ Not already known
♦ Judged as of the date that the application is filed
♦ Invention will be compared against all public information available before the filing date of the application
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Prior Art
♦ “Otherwise Available to the Public”– Oral Presentation Public – Lecture or speech Disclosures– Demonstration at a trade show
♦ A public disclosure can impact the ability to obtain a patent
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Timing Requirements
♦ United States– One year grace period
♦ Most foreign countries/regions (for example: Europe)– Absolute novelty
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Potential Strategies
♦ File a patent application before public disclosure
♦ Render the disclosure non-public– an executed confidentiality or non-disclosure
agreement
♦ Avoid disclosure from being fully enabling
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Disclosure Form
♦ Report your inventions via the NJIT Inventor Portal
https://njit-ip.ttoportal.com/Login.aspx
No patent rights after submitting the invention disclosure form
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Trade Secrets
• Secret information with commercial value
• Reasonable degree of protection– Physical security, limited access to material, need to know
• Recipes or formulas, business plans, customer lists, manufacturing processes– The formula for CocaCola (secret for more than 125 years)– The recipe for KFC
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Trade Secrets Versus Patents
• Available for as long as the information remains confidential– Patent protection generally lasts about 20 years
• Could be reverse engineered or independently discovered– A reason to pursue patent protection
• Cannot be disclosed to the public– Information is disclosed in a patent application
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Trademarks• Any word, name, symbol, design, sound, color, touch, smell,
device
• Identify and distinguish a product or a service• Trademarks are adjectives; not nouns or verbs
– Ray-Ban sunglasses• Trade name: company or business
– Apple• Trademark: identifies goods
– iPhone
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Copyright
• Protects original works of authorship– Literary– Musical– Artistic
• Originality: independently created
• Only minimal creativity required
• Exists upon fixation of work in any tangible medium– No registration required
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Copyright Term
• Generally life of author plus 70 years
• Work made for hire: 95 years from publication or 120 years from creation, whichever expires first
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Issues
• Contact us for any advice– [email protected]
• For what types of IP protection does work quality?
• Who owns the IP?– Each IP can have a different owner– Review NJIT Patent Policy– Review your employment agreement
• Develop an overall strategy for IP from the start before the product is introduced
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