Intel Cloud Builders VDC March 2012

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Intel Cloud Builders Guide to Cloud Designand Deployment on Intel PlatformsData Center Infrastructure and Energy Management with 3-D Visualization with Visual Data Center*

Audience and PurposeThis reference architecture outlines the usage of energy management technologies

as part of planning, provisioning, and optimizing strategies in cloud data centers to

reduce energy cost. It is intended for data center administrators and enterprise IT

professionals who seek Data Center Infrastructure Management solutions to achieve

better energy efciency and power capacity utilization within new or existing datacenters. The techniques and results described can be used as a reference to understand

the implementation of energy management solutions using hardware and software

components illustrated. The reader should be able to develop appropriate energy

management solutions based on the design options presented using Visual Data

Center* Infrastructure Management Software1 that has Intel Data Center Manager2

as an integrated component, and servers implementing Intel Intelligent Power Node

Manager3. Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager is implemented on Intel server

chipsets starting with Intel Xeon processor 5500 series platforms4 with signicantimprovements in the new version, Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager 2.0 being

introduced in 2012 on server platforms supporting the Intel Xeon processor E5-2600

product family, which are presented in this paper.

Visual Data Center

Intel Cloud Builders Guide

Intel Xeon Processor-based Servers

Visual Data Center*

Intel Xeon Processor E5

Product Family

Intel Xeon Processor E3-1200

Product Family

Intel Xeon Processor 5500 Series

Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series

March 2012


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Intel Cloud Builders Guide: Data Center Infrastructure and Energy Management with 3-D Visualization with Visual Data Center*

Table of Contents

Executive Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Server Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Visual Data Center* Infrastructure Management Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Test-bed Blueprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Software Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Hardware and Software Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Physical Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Server Setup and Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Visual Data Center Software Installation and Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Connect Intel Data Center Manager (Intel DCM) to VDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Add Nodes to VDC through Intel DCM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Place Servers into Racks in the 3-D Floor View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Energy Management Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Real Time Server Power Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Real Time Temperature Monitoring and Thermal Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Generate a Thermal Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Energy Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Energy Cost and Emission Rate Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Carbon Emissions Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Report by Device Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Energy Cost Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Rack Density Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Optimize Rack Density/Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Things to Consider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Architectural Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Scalability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Future Enhancements in Visual Data Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Power Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Enhanced Device Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Appendix A: Server Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Intel Power Management Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Intel Data Center Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27


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Executive Summary

The evolution of cloud computing hasresulted in highly efcient and carefullyoptimized data centers with increased

server density and capacity that make

considerations on energy consumption

and utilization extremely critical, along

with several other factors that were

not as signicant in smaller data centersof the past. To support this evolution,

Intel works with end users to create

an open data center roadmap of usage

models that address key IT pain points

for more secure, efcient, and simplecloud architectures built on a foundation

of transparency. This paper describes a

Data Center Infrastructure Management

reference architecture based on

Visual Data Center * and Intel Power

Management solutions via usage models

aimed at data center power efciency andoptimal utilization of provisioned power

and cooling capacity.

The goal of energy management usage

models is to optimize productivity per

watt in order to reduce total cost ofownership (TCO). Requirements include

the capability to monitor power and

ambient temperature in real-time at

server, rack, zone, and data center levels.

This means the ability to monitor and

manage aggregated power consumption

within a rack, zone, or data center based

on available power and cooling resources.

In this reference architecture we used

servers enabled with Intel Intelligent

Power Node Manager and Visual Data

Center* (VDC) Infrastructure ManagementSoftware that uses Intel Data Center

Manager (Intel DCM) to provide data

center energy efciency through realtime power and ambient temperature

monitoring.

Visual Data Center has powerful Data

Center Infrastructure Management

through three dimensional views of

data center and the ability to manage

data center equipment and components.

The scope of this document is limited topower management of Intel Intelligent

Power Node Manager enabled servers,

and we describe the following energy

management use cases in detail. We

implemented new Intel Xeon processor

E5-2600 family based servers, as well as

servers based on previous generations to

illustrate the use cases. Intel Intelligent

Power Node Manager 2.0 is being

introduced on server platforms supporting

the Intel Xeon processor E5-2600

product family and has been signicantlyenhanced by utilizing the Running AveragePower Limiting capabilities in the Intel

Xeon processor E5-2600 product family.

1. Real-time power monitoring to get

continuous and actual energy usage

visibility at the server level that

enables analysis and optimization of

power capacity and provisioning in

data centers

2. Real time temperature monitoring

enabled by servers with Intel

Intelligent Power Node Manager,that helps view the thermal map in

the data center without additional

sensors, and take the necessary

corrective actions

3. Energy Reports for power and

consumption at server, rack, row,

room, and data center levels that can

be extended to generate energy costand carbon footprint reports

4. Rack Density Optimization by

monitoring actual power consumed

by the servers and provisioning thepower budget accordingly rather than

using nameplate or de-rated power

estimates

Introduction

Cloud computing is the new model for

IT services that has emerged to break

the trend of decline in exibility whileincreasing in costs. It is an approach

to computing that uses the efcient

pooling of an on-demand, self-managed

infrastructure, consumed as a service.This approach extrapolates applicationsand information from the complexityof underlying infrastructure, so IT can

support and enable business value. In

concert with Intel and other industry

leaders, Visual Data Center helps reduce

energy costs in cloud data centers with

its innovative Data Center Infrastructure

Management solutions.

At the core of cloud computing is the

ability of the underlying compute,

network, and storage infrastructureto act as an efcient, shared resourcepool that is dynamically scalable within

one data center or across multiple data

centers. With this foundation, critical

higher-level capabilities such as energy

management, guaranteed quality of

service, federation, and data center

automation are made possible. Intel,

along with leaders in software, works

to address these new core innovations

in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

Intel has initiated a program to rapidlyenable enterprises and service providers

to clarify best practices around design

(including reference architectures),

deployment, and management. For

enterprise IT and cloud service providers

who need to utilize their existing data

center infrastructure to supply cloud

services to their customers, this guide, as

part of the Intel Cloud Builders initiative,

provides a comprehensive solution

overview that covers technical planning

and deployment considerations.

While server performance-per-watt

continues to increase, the energy

consumed per server also continues

to rise. These advancements enable

increasing number of servers and

density in modern data centers, making

planning and managing of power and

cooling resources critically important to

ensure efcient utilization of provisionedcapacity. In order to realize the vision of

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cloud computing, new technologies are

needed to address power efciency andenergy management. These will become

fundamental to architectures from

the microprocessor stage through the

application stack. The focus of this paper

is energy management and the related

usage models.

Based on the Environmental Protection

Agencys report to the government, in

2006 data centers in the US consumed

about 1.5 percent of the nations energy

and were poised to double this by

20115. According to market researchand consulting rm Pike Research, datacenters around the world consumed 201.8

terawatt hours (TWh) in 2010 and energy

expenditures reached $23.3 billion. Thatsenough electricity to power 19 million

average U.S. households. The good news

is that, according to Pike Research, the

adoption of cloud computing could lead to

a 38 percent reduction in worldwide data

center energy expenditures by 20206.

Companies continue to explore

approaches that focus on using existingdata center power more efciently to

increase computing capacity, cut power

costs, and reduce carbon footprints.

Traditionally, organizations have lacked

detailed information about actual server

power consumption in everyday use.

Typically, data center computing capacity

has been based on nameplate power, peak

server power consumption, or de-rated

power loads. In practice however, actual

power consumption with real data center

workloads is much lower than the ratings.This situation results in over-provisioned

data center cooling and power capacity,

and increased total cost of ownership

(TCO). Better understanding and control

over server power consumption allows

for more efcient use of existing datacenter facilities. All of this, applied across

tens of thousands of servers, can result in

considerable savings.

This paper begins with an overview of

server power management and solutionsoffered by VDC. We then describe various

usage models in detail with screenshots

of the conguration and test process.

Server Power Management

In the past, power consumption was an

afterthought for server deployment in

data centers. Unfortunately, this view

persists. For example, in many facilitiesthe utility bill is bundled with the overall

building charge, which reduces the

visibility of the data center cost.

Even though servers have become much

more efcient, packaging densities andpower have increased much faster. As a

result, power and its associated thermal

characteristics have become the dominant

components of operational costs. Power

and thermal challenges in data centers

include:

Increased total operational costs due toincreased power and cooling demands

Physical limitations of cooling andpower within individual servers, racks,

and data center facilities

Lack of visibility into actual real-timepower consumption of servers and

racks

Complexity of managementcomponents and sub-systems from

multiple vendors with incompatible

interfaces and management

applications

These data center management

challenges can be translated into the

following requirements:

Power monitoring and limitingcapabilities at all levels of the data

center (system, rack identification, and

data center). What can be done at an

individual server level becomes much

more compelling once physical or virtual

servers are scaled up significantly.

Aggregation of the power consumed

at the rack level and management ofpower within a rack group to ensure

that the total power does not exceedthe power allocated to a rack.

Higher level aggregation and control at

the row or data center level to manage

a power budget within the average

power and cooling resources available.

Optimization of productivity per wattthrough management of power at the

server, rack, row, and data center levels

to optimize TCO.

Application of standards-based powerinstrumentation solutions available

in all servers to allow management

for optimal data center efficiency.

Extension of instrumentation to enable

load balancing or load migration based

on power consumption, and close

coupled cooling for the management of

pooled power and cooling resources.

Visual Data Center* InfrastructureManagement Solution

Visual Data Center is an easy to use,centralized data center monitoring and

operations management application based

on an open integration platform. Through

the effective use of Visual Data Center,

organizations can improve proactive

monitoring and resource management

capabilities to improve operational

efciencies in areas such as space, power,and cooling within all of their IT facilities.

Visual Data Center functions and

capabilities include: Easy-to-use graphical

navigation, 3-D visual modeling of facilities

and racks, centralization of monitoring

and alarming, custom dashboard and trend

chart building, port mapping, reporting,

capacity management (space, power,

and cooling), energy efciency (PUE),

utilization and cost tracking, warranty and

service management, asset management

(dept owners, location, and tracking), and

documentation management.

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Test-bed Blueprint

Intel has worked with Visual Data Centerto implement a test bed that features

the Visual Data Center Infrastructure

Management solution and Dell, SGI, and

other Intel processor-based servers

that have implemented Intel Intelligent

Figure 1: VDC* 3-D visual modeling of facilities and racks

Figure 2: VDC System Architecture

Power Node Manager Technology. The

test bed is intended to provide a exibleenvironment to simulate those aspects of

a commercial data center that are relevant

to cloud computing usage models. Visual

Data Center software uses the Intel Data

Center Manager SDK as an integrated

component.

Design Considerations

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager compliant servers as well as a PMBus7 based power supply for real-time power monitoring

are required.

Software Architecture

The following diagrams show the Visual Data Center System Architecture and Software Architecture.

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Figure 3: VDC Software Architecture

Visual Data Center is much more than

an application - it is an open applicationframework. The platform can effortlessly

talk to SNMP, Modbus, IPMI or any third

party data sources. The interface can

seamlessly integrate with 2-D, 3-D, and

any third party UI plug-in. The software

can also work with third party databases/

directories/data sources, such as Active

Directory and more. The key Visual Data

Center architecture layers include:

1. Data Collection Layer - This layer is

responsible for collecting raw datafrom IT and facility devices. Using the

Visual Data Center Monitor Adapter

technology, the system can monitor

any device which supports any

monitoring protocol.

2. Data Storage Layer - Visual Data

Center can reliably store large

amounts of data, both real-time

and historic, to serve upper layer

modules. The device model database

provides complete and up-to-datemodel information for the end user.

3. Data Analysis Layer - With the

built-in, powerful IntelliPass Data

Analysis Engine, Visual Data Center

can provide users almost endless

possibilities for conducting data

analysis.

4. Resource Management Layer - This

layer provides various core enterprise

resource and process management

modules.

5. Presentation Layer - Both

Smart Racks and Smart Devices

revolutionize the way remote access

is performed. With Visual Data

Center providing real-device looking

components with monitoring and

controlling capabilities, administrators

can visually have full control over

the device as if they were in front of

the device. The Presentation Layer

supports both 2-D and 3-D UIs, as

well as third party UI plug-ins.

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Hardware and Software Description

Hardware and software components as specied in the table below were used in the reference architecture test bed. However, widerhardware and software deployment options are supported. Please refer to the Visual Data Center install guides for details.

Visual Data Center*

Server

Virtual Machine 2 CPUs, 4GB RAM, 40GB Hard Disk

Software CentOS* 5.5 32 bit

Visual Data Center Server Software version 4.2

Visual Data Center Client Workstation 2 x Intel Xeon processor E7-2860 @ 2.26 GHz, 2GB RAM, 40GB Hard Disk

Software Windows 7 Enterprise* 64-bit

Intel Data Center Manager 2.4

Visual Data Center Client Software version 4.2

Server 1 and Server 2 Intel Server BoardS2600CP based

white box

2x Intel Xeon processor E5-2600 @ 2.7GHz, 32GB RAM, 1TB SATA HDD

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager 2.0 enabled

BMC Card

PMBus* enabled power supply

Software Windows Server* 2008 R2

Server 3 SGI-C2005 2x Intel Xeon processor 5150 2.6GHz, 4GB RAM, 40GB SATA HDD


BMC Card

PMBus enabled power supplySoftware RHEL5* 64-bit

Server 4 Dell C6100 2x Intel Xeon processor 5150 2.6GHz, 4GB RAM, 250GB SATA HDD

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager enabled

BMC Card

PMBus enabled power supply

Software Windows Server 2008 R2 64-bit

2x Intel Xeon processor 5150 2.6GHz, 4GB RAM, 250GB SATA HDD

Server 5 Intel White BoxS5000WB


BMC Card

PMBus enabled power supplySoftware Windows Server 2008 R2 64-bit

Table 1: Hardware and Software description

To generate load, workloads like Prime95 and Intel Power Thermal Utility were used.

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Physical Architecture

Figure 4 shows the test bed deployment architecture. Visual Data Center Server software is installed on a Visual Machine as shown,and client on a workstation. Five server nodes are used for use case testing that are Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager enabled.

Visual Data Center software connects to the nodes out of band via Intel Data Center Manager to monitor power consumption and

thermal data. We have also used simulated server nodes to better illustrate some of the usage scenarios.

Figure 4: Physical Architecture of Test Bed Setup

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Server Setup and Configuration

Servers have to be set up with operatingsystems installed and BMC congured asdescribed below. The reader is expected

to have the basic knowledge of the server

conguration and operating system

installation. This will not be explained indetail in this paper.

1. In the BIOS, configure BMC network

settings with static or DHCP option

as desired, and provide the BMC

hostname. We used DHCP. Note the

BMC hostname or IP address.

2. Note the user name and password

of the BMC user with administrator

privileges. Either use root user

ensuring administrator privileges are

granted, or add another user.

3. Install the operating system,

applications, and workloads as

desired.

4. Visual Data Center connects to

the servers out of band with BMC

hostname and log in credentials.

There is no agent installed on theserver.

Visual Data Center* SoftwareInstallation and Configuration

Installation and congure of Visual DataCenter software will not be discussed in

this document. Please refer to the Visual

Data Center installation guide8 for detailed

instructions.

Conguring Visual Data Center to connectto Intel Data Center Manager, and adding

server nodes are explained below.

Connect Intel Data Center Manager (Intel DCM) to VDC

Intel DCM can be installed on the same server as Visual Data Center or on anotherserver. To link Intel DCM to VDC, do the following steps:

1. Log in to the VDC server

2. Run the script vdctools

3. Select option 2 Link with DCM

4. Enter Intel DCM server IP address and host name

The Intel DCM server and VDC server are now linked.

Add Nodes to VDC through Intel DCM

1. Start VDC client and log in.

2. Click on Admin Interface on the menu.

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3. Click on Devices, select Device tab, and click the Discover button on the bottom of the page:

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4. Click on Devices, select the Device tab, and click the Discover button on the bottom of the page.

The latest discovery results should be displayed as:

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5. Click on Restart to bring up the below screen:

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Enter the following values for discovery of Intel DCM supported devices:

i. Monitor type should be Intel

ii. Enter IP subnet or IP range or specific IP address, as well as Subnet Mask

iii. Enter BMC user name and password

iv. Click Add to add to the IP Address Selection

v. Repeat steps ii to iv for IP ranges as required. In this case 10.4.2.0 10.4.2.11 and 10.4.10.1

10.4.10.10

vi. Click Start

The following screen will be displayed with results:

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6. Change the device name as appropriate to identify the server. Double click on each device discovered and select the Type,

Manufacturer, Product Line, and Model as appropriate as below.

7. Select the servers that are needed and click Create to add them in the VDC database to be available for adding in the Data

Center Infrastructure.

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Place Servers into Racks in the 3-D Floor View:

1. Navigate to the 3-D Floor View.

2. Double click on the rack that you want to add servers to.

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3. Enter Edit Mode.

4. Select Search from the left side of the screen and navigate to the device you wish to add.

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5. Click and hold to drag the device to the desired U position within the rack or chassis as appropriate.

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Energy Management Use Cases

Real Time Server Power Monitoring

Real time power monitoring at a server

level is a critical capability that helps

planning, provisioning, and optimizing data

center energy and cooling capacity. Visual

Data Center combined with Intel DCM can

monitor energy usage at real time with

a high level of accuracy on servers that

implement Intel Intelligent Power Node

Manager Technology. Power consumption

can be viewed at the server level and

aggregated to rack, row, room, and data

center levels. The ability of the server to

instrument real time power consumption

data helps eliminate the need for

expensive intelligent power strips in datacenters.

In this use case we utilize the data that

has been captured to look into the VisualData Center monitoring capabilities and

their usage.

1. Server level power and thermal

monitoring

The power demand report can be viewed

at a server level.

To view power and inlet temperature

information at a server level, navigate

through the 3-D model to the server to be

monitored, or use the search capabilities

to locate the server.

After selecting the server, click Device in

the Trend Charts section on the menu,

and then click the Trend chart option as

needed. In this case the Intel Server

option is selected to view the power dataas reported by the server.

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To view the dashboard, select the Device option in the Alarm Panel, and select the Dashboard called Intel Server to see the

dashboard view.

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Real Time Temperature Monitoring and Thermal Imaging

Servers with Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager with inlet air temperature sensors can report server inlet air temperatures inreal time that can be used by Visual Data Center to create a thermal image of the data center. Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager

eliminates the need for additional thermal sensors and associated instrumentation to create thermal maps.

The thermal images provide data center managers real-time visualization, allowing them to take corrective action for environment

cooling like adjusting set points, moving, adding, or removing vented oor tiles, and relocating equipment. Detailed information rack by

rack can be used to plan where new gear can be placed with the lowest impact on cooling requirements.

Generate a Thermal Image

1. Navigate to the 3-D Floor View.

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2. Click on the Generate Thermal toolbar ribbon button.

Energy Reports

Visual Data Center has reporting

capabilities as illustrated below fordevice energy, cost, and power metrics.

Each location added to the navigation

tree allows for a cost per kilowatt hour

denition

which is the actual cost of power from the

utility for the site. Each device managed

in that site will then inherit the cost per

kilowatt hour, which allows for energy

cost at the device level.

To make PUE calculations easy, Visual

Data Center allows users to dene theenergy prole for any device in thesystem. Devices listed as Energy Source

will be used in the top portion of the PUE

calculation for Total Power. Any device

listed as IT Device will be used in the

bottom portion of the PUE calculation for

the IT Device Power. The result is the PUE

ratio, which is tracked for all sites in the

navigation tree.

Since this method allows for user

denition of the IT power, users cancongure IT power as the output of theUPS, total power of the PDU, rackmount

PDU power totals, or individual IT assets

within the rack.

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Energy Cost and Emission Rate

ConfigurationEnergy cost rates can be congured perbuilding in the location view that would

be used for calculation while generating

energy cost reports.

To congure the energy cost, go toLocation Studio and right click on the

Building address, in this case 100 Wall

Street to get the following screen. Enterthe energy price as applicable per KWhr.

VDC uses electricity emission rates

published by U.S. Department of Energy9

and similar reports in other geographies

which are congured in the VDC server tocalculate carbon emission. The emission

rates are periodically updated in the

VDC installations online from VDC datacenter. User can also override these

congurations - please refer to VDCdocumentation for the steps.

Some sample energy reports are

illustrated below.

Carbon Emissions Report

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Report by Device Type

Energy Cost Report

Rack Density Optimization

Optimize Rack Density/Usage

The collection of real-time power

consumption data constitutes an essential

capability for power monitoring. Without

this data, the best approximation for

server power usage comes from the

manufacturers specications. To usethe nameplate numbers as a guidepost

requires the allowance of a hefty safety

margin. To honor the safety margin,

in turn, leads to data center power

over-provisioning and stranded power

that needs to be allocated in case it is

needed, but is very unlikely to be used.

This situation results in over-provisioned

data center power, overcooling of IT

equipment, and increased TCO.

The availability of power monitoring

data allows management by numbers,

which tightly matches servers by power

consumption to available data center

power. The use case is useful in older data

centers under-provisioned for power and

in host settings with power quotas in

effect.

In typical host data centers where the

customers are allocated power quotas, the

main goal is to optimize the rack utilization

so as to place as many servers in a rack as

the power budget allows.

The following steps can be completed to

implement this use case.

1. Monitor power consumption

Power consumption of the server or rack

should be monitored over a long period,

either in production or in a simulated

environment generating a load similar

to that in production. Monitoring real

production servers is recommended to

avoid unplanned power spikes. Duration

should be days, weeks, or a quarter

depending on the application life cycle

scenarios and usage. Record the maximumpower demand during the period.

2. Set the power budget for the rack

Set the power budget above the

determined power consumption with

additional allowance, and rack density can

be budgeted for this value rather than

name plate power or de-rated power.

The difference between the total power

budget assigned to the rack and the

power quota allocated for the rack would

provide guidance on how many additional

servers of similar power consumption

can be added to the rack without

overshooting the power quota allocated.

Since we will be adding additional servers

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to the rack, the overall performance of the

system increases further and stays withinthe power envelope allocated by the

hosting provider.

Please refer to the Rack Density

optimization case studies by Intel10 and

external companies, some of which usepower limiting capabilities which may be

implemented in Visual Data Center in the

future.

Continue monitoring the power

consumption

It is important to continuously monitorthe power consumption levels. If the

consumption levels are getting closer the

power budget frequently, it is advisable to

increase the power budget.

Things to Consider

Architectural and Design Considerations

Scalability

A single installation of Intel DCM can

manage up to 5000 nodes11. For larger

implementations, multiple instantiationswould be required. Likewise, the Visual

Data Center solution is also highly scalable.

If multiple Intel DCM server instances

are needed to support either multiple

geographical locations or large number

of devices, Visual Data Center is able to

handle the requirements effortlessly

by leveraging its distributed Probe

architecture.

Integration

Visual Data Center connects with Intel

Intelligent Power Node Manager enabledservers through agentless out of band

connectivity, which makes integration

easy. For the use cases in this paper,

servers should be Intel Intelligent Power

Node Manager enabled and should have

PMBus compliant instrumented power

supply units. VDC also supports devices

other than those that are Intel Intelligent

Power Node Manager enabled, which is

outside the scope of this document.

Security

Communication to servers is done usingIPMI protocol secured by user name and

password congured in the BIOS.

VDC Server-Client Specifications

Please refer to VDC Server-Client

Specications12 for VDC installationconsiderations and details.

Future Enhancements in VisualData Center*

Power Limiting

Server level power limiting capability

supported by Intel Intelligent Power Node

Manager will be added in future versions

of Visual Data Center. This would enable

further optimization of server and data

center power consumption and planning.

Enhanced Device Support

As Intel DCM supports more devices for

power management, the Visual Data

Center integrations with Intel DCM will be

updated to maintain tight integration with

the Intel DCM platform.

Glossary

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager:

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager

resides on Intel Xeon processor 5500

based server (and later) platforms. It

provides power and thermal monitoring

and policy based power management

for an individual server. Capabilities are

exposed through standard IPMI interface

from supported Baseboard Management

Controllers (BMC). This requires an

instrumented power supply such as

PMBus*.

Intel Data Center Manager: Intel Data

Center Manager scales Intel Intelligent

Power Node Manager functions to racks

and groups of servers and enables IT

users to benet from increased rackdensity, as well as reduced capital and

operational expenses.

SDK: Software Development Kit

QoS: Quality of Service

KPI: Key Performance Indicators

SLA : Service Level Agreement

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Appendix A: Server Power

Management

Intel Power Management Technologies

Microprocessors are possibly the most

energy intensive components in servers

and have traditionally been the focus of

power management strategies. Emergent

technologies such as solid state drives

have the potential to signicantlyreduce power consumption and, in the

future, management of memory power

consumption may be incorporated.

Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager andIntel Data Center Manager are designed

to address typical data center power

requirements such as described above.

Intel Data Center Manager (Intel DCM)

Intel DCM SDK provides power and

thermal monitoring and management

for servers, racks, and groups of servers

in data centers. Management Console

Vendors (ISVs) and System Integrators

(SIs) can integrate Intel DCM into their

console or command-line applications to

provide high value power management

features. These technologies enable

new power management paradigms and

minimize workload performance impact.


Intel Intelligent Node Manager is

implemented on Intel server chipsets

starting with Intel Xeon processor 5500

series platforms with improvements in

the new version, Intel Intelligent Power

Node Manager 2.0 being introduced in

2012 on server platforms supporting theIntel Xeon processor E5-2600 family.


provides power and thermal monitoring

and policy based power management

for an individual server and is exposed

through a standards based IPMI interface13

on supported Baseboard Management

Controllers (BMCs). Intel Intelligent Power

Node Manager requires an instrumented

power supply that conforms to the PMBusstandards7.

Some of the key features of Intel

Intelligent Power Node Manager include:

Real-time power monitoring

Platform (server) power limiting

Power threshold alerts

Smart Ride-Through or SmaRT thatincreases the servers resiliency to

transient faults where the voltage dips

for a few cycles Closed Loop System Throttling or CLSTthat enables optimized platform designs

that can continue operating under

impaired power supply situations due to

power supply unit failures

Intel Xeon processors regulate power

consumption through voltage and clock

frequency scaling. Reduction of the clock

frequency reduces power consumption,

as does lowering voltage. The scale of

reduction is accomplished through a series

of discrete steps, each with a specicvoltage and frequency. The Intel Xeon

processor 5500 series4 can support power

steps. These steps are dened under

the ACPI14 standard and are colloquially

called P-states. P0 is nominally the

normal operating state with no power

constraints. P1, P2, and so on aggressively

increase the power capped states.

Voltage and frequency scaling also

impacts overall system performance, and

therefore will constrain applications. The

control range is limited to a few tens ofwatts per individual microprocessor. This

may seem insignicant at the individualmicroprocessor level, however, when

applied to thousands or tens of thousands

of microprocessors typically found in a

large data center, potential power savings

amount to hundreds of kilowatt hours

per month. Intel Intelligent Power Node

Manager is a chipset extension to the BMC

that supports in-band/out-of-band power

monitoring and management at the node(server) level.


2.0 enabled platforms introduced in

2012 bring improved power limiting

range and faster response to reach the

target power limit through the use of the

Running Average Power Limiting (RAPL)

interfaces supported in Intel Xeon E5-

2600 processor family. It also allows a

ner degree of power control useful for

certain applications: it is now possible to

monitor and apply power limiting not onlyon the whole server, but also on the CPU

and memory subsystems or domains

individually as shown below in gure 5.

The power management logic is carried

out by a microcontroller embedded in

the chipset, the Management Engine

or ME, which runs rmware stored inash memory in the baseboard. MEuses platform power consumption

instrumented by PMBus compliant

power supplies and RAPL interfaces to

control power of the CPU and memory.

It also reads inlet air temperature data

from the temperature sensors. Utilizing

these multiple sensors and controls, Intel

Intelligent Power Node Manager provides

server platform level power management

capabilities that would be meaningful for

the users. Intel Intelligent Power Node

Manager requires an ACPI compliant

operating system to apply power limits

when the OS is running.

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Figure 5: Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager 2.0 overview

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References

1. VDC* Infrastructure ManagementSoftware,http://www.

visualdatacenter.com

2. Intel Data Center Manager,

http://software.intel.com/sites/

datacentermanager/index.php

3. Intel Intelligent Power Node

Manager,http://www.intel.com/

technology/intelligentpower/index.

htm

4. Intel Xeon processor 5500

product brief, ftp://download.intel.com/products/processor/xeon/

dc55kprodbrief.pdf

5. EPA Report to Congress on Server

and Data Center Energy Efficiency,

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/

partners/prod_development/

downloads/EPA_Report_Exec_

Summary_Final.pdf

6. Open Data Center Alliance* Usage:

Carbon Foot Print Values,http://

www.opendatacenteralliance.org/

document-sections/category/71-docdocs?download=434%3Acarbon-

footprint-values

7. PMBus*,http://pmbus.org/specs.html

8. VDC software installation guide,

http://visualdatacenter.com/vdcinfo/

VDC_Server_Installation_Guide_

v4_2.pdf

9. U.S. Department of Energy

Electricity Emission Factors, http://

www.eia.gov/oiaf/1605/pdf/

Appendix%20F_r071023.pdf

10. Rack Optimization Case Studies

http://software.intel.com/sites/

datacentermanager/whitepaper.php

11. Intel DCM Scalability, http://software.

intel.com/sites/datacentermanager/

datasheet.php

12. VDC Server- Client Specifications,

http://visualdatacenter.com/vdcinfo/

VDC_Server-Client_Specifications_

v4_2.pdf

13. Intelligent Platform Management

Interface, http://www.intel.com/design/servers/ipmi/ipmi.htm

14. Advanced Configuration & Power

Interface, http://www.acpi.info/

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Disclaimers Intel processor numbers are not a measure of performance. Processor numbers differentiate features within each processor family, not across different processor families. See www.intel.

com/products/processor_number for details.

Intel Virtualization Technology requires a computer system with an enabled Intel processor, BIOS, and virtual machine monitor (VMM). Functionality, performance or other benets will varydepending on hardware and software congurations. Software applications may not be compatible with all operating systems. Consult your PC manufacturer. For more information, visithttp://www.intel.com/go/virtualization

+No computer system can provide absolute secur ity under all conditions. Intel Trusted Execution Technology (Intel TXT) requi res a computer with Intel Virtualization Technology, an Intel TXT-enabled processor, chipset, BIOS, Authenticated Code Modules and an Intel TX T-compatible measured launched environment (MLE). Intel TXT also requires the system to contain a TPM v1.s.For more information, visit http://www.intel.com/technology/security.

Requires a system with Intel Turbo Boost Technology. Intel Turbo Boost Technology and Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 are only available on select Intel processors. Consult your PC manu-facturer. Performance varies depending on hardware, software, and system conguration. For more information, visit http://www.intel.com/go/turbo

Intel Hypter-Threading Technology is available on select Intel Core processors. Requires an Intel HT Technology-enabled system. Consult your PC manufacturer. Performance will varydepending on the specic hardware and software used. For more information including details on which processors support HT Technology, visit http://www.intel.com/info/hyperthreading.

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Intel may make changes to specications and product descriptions at any time, without notice. Designers must not rely on the absence or characteristics of any features or instructions markedreserved or undened. Intel reserves these for future denition and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conicts or incompatibilities arising from future changes to them. Theinformation here is subject to change without notice. Do not nalize a design with this information.

The products described in this document may contain design defects or errors known as errata which may cause the product to deviate from published specications. Current characterized er-rata are available on request. Contact your local Intel sales ofce or your distributor to obtain the latest specications and before placing your product order. Copies of documents which

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Copyright 2012 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel, the Intel logo, Xeon, Xeon inside, and Intel Intelligent Power Node Manager are trademarks of Intel

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*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

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Intel Cloud Builders VDC March 2012

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