Integumentary System

Diaz, DelizHarrington, Mikaela

Maya, DannaSoarez, Jenny

Urra, John-Paul

Parts of the SystemMade up of skin, hair, and

nails. Skin is the major organ of the system. It is made up of 3 layers:

• Epidermis- Outermost layer; 5 sub-

layers, no blood vessels or nerves.

• Dermis-Elastic connective tissue,

contains blood vessels, nerves, involuntary muscle, sweat glands, & hair follicles.

• Subcutaneous fascia (hypodermis)-

Innermost layer; made up of elastic & fibrous connective tissue, fatty tissue, and it connects to underlying muscles.

Parts of the Nail

Parts of the Hair Follicle

Functions• Protection-

Barrier to the suns ultraviolet rays, pathogens & germs. Holds in moisture.

• Sensory Perception-The nerves help body to

respond to pain, pressure, temperature, and touch sensations.

• Body temperature regulation-Blood vessels help body

retain or lose heat.• Storage-

Tissues are temporary storage for fats, glucose, water, vitamins, and salts.

• Absorption-

Substances can be absorbed through the skin, called transdermal medication.

• Excretion- Skin eliminates salt,

waste, & excess water

• Production-Skin helps in the

production of Vitamin D using UV rays from the sun.

Functions continued…

Pigmentation • Skin color is

determined by pigments in the epidermis.

• Melanin, a pigment, is produced in the epidermis by melanocytes.

• Every person has the same number of melanocytes, racial groups is what determines the

amount of melanin produced.

Complications of Pigmentation

• A person with an absence of pigments is an albino.

• Erythema is the reddish color of the skin caused by burns or congestion of blood in the vessels.

• Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the

skin. Indicates bile in the blood.

Skin Eruptions 1. Macules-

flat spots

2. Papules-firm, raised areas

3. Vesicles-blisters

4. Pustules- pus-filled sacs

5. Ulcer-deep loss of skin

12

34

5

Melanoma • Malignant tumor caused

by the changes of melanocytes.

• Most likely to have melanoma if the person:– has fair skin– lives in a sunny

climate or high altitude

– uses tanning devices • Symptoms-– Asymmetry– Borders– Color

– Diameter– Evolution

Treatment • Surgery

The cancer and 1 cm of surrounding skin is removed

• ChemotherapyMedicines kill cancer

cells • Immunotherapy

Medications assist immune system

• Radiation treatmentsRelieves pain or

discomfort

Dermatitis • Inflammation of the

skin• Results from direct

contact with allergens or irritants

• Common in babies and children; people who live in dry climates

• Symptoms-– Itching– Pain– Stinging– Burning– Blisters

– Thick or scaly skin

– Sores – Swelling

Treatment • Skin creams or

ointments that control swelling

• Antibiotics to treat infections

• Antihistamines• Medications that

suppress immune system

Psoriasis • Skin redness and irritation • Not contagious • Can trigger if exposed to:– Bacteria or viral infections– Dry air or skin – Injury – Stress– Too much or little sunlight– Too much alcohol– Weak immune system

• Symptoms-– Irritated, red, flaky patches – Itchy– Raised and thick skin

Treatment

• Lotions, ointments, creams, and shampoos

• Pills or injections that affect the immune system

• Phototherapy- skin is exposed to UV light.

Careers • Allergist-Diagnoses and treats

allergies.4 years of

premedical college

4 years of medical school

3 years of residency training

2 years of fellowship program

$192,000-$247,000

• Dermatologist-

Diagnoses and treats conditions/diseases of the skin, hair, and nails.

4 years of premedical college

4 years of medical school

Internship 3 years residency

$243,000-$319,000

• Plastic Surgeon- Corrects or improves

the appearance of physical features.

4 years of premedical college

4 years of Medical school

3 years of residency training

1 or 2 years fellowship program

$282,000-$460,000

Medical Abbreviations• BMK

birthmark• Bx

biopsy• HD

Hansen disease (leprosy)

• IDintradermal

• SGskin graft

• Subqsubcutaneous

• UVultraviolet

Medical Terminology • cutane/o

skin• derm/o

Skin• erythem/o

flushed, redness• graph/o

writing• onych/o

nail• papul/o

papule, pimple• perspir/o

breathe through• pil/o

hair• prurit/o

itching• pseudo-– false

• psor/oitching

• ungu/onail

Now Let’s Play JEOPARDY!

• http://jeopardylabs.com/play/integumentary-system65