Integrated Waste Management in Cornwall

Peter Wright, Head of Development, SITA UK

27th July 2006

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Agenda

• SITA UK

• SITA UK in Cornwall

• Solution Landfill HWRC RTS Composting EfW

• Questions

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SITA UK

Leading UK Waste Management Company

5,000 Employees

480 £ Million Turnover

10 Million Tonnes of Waste

79 Local Authority Contracts

3 Long Term Integrated Waste PFI contracts

4 Long Term Treatment PFI/PPP contracts

4 Energy from Waste Plants

10 Materials Recycling/Sorting Facilities

12 Composting Plants

36 Active landfills

45 Refuse Transfer Stations

97 Household Waste Recycling Centres

1,900 Vehicles

35,000 Commercial Customers

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SITA UK in CORNWALL

• Contract start Date 1/10/2006 for 30 years

• Amount of waste to be handled - 330,000 tpa

• CCC has been awarded £25 million in PFI support from DEFRA

• Integrated Waste Management solution Household waste recycling centres Composting Recycling Transfer stations Energy from waste Final disposal Collection not included

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SITA UK in CORNWALL

Delivering a recycling led approach to waste management

• EstablishEstablish an Integrated Waste Management contract that provides most benefits or least damage to the environment, at acceptable cost in the long term as well as short term (BPEO)

• MinimiseMinimise waste arising

• PromotePromote waste awareness in partnership with the Waste Collection Authorities

• EncourageEncourage the utilisation of recycled material within Cornwall

• IncreaseIncrease recycling and composting to achieve 40% target by 2010

• MaximiseMaximise diversion of waste from landfill to comply with the European Landfill Directive

• ProvideProvide sufficient waste processing and treatment capacity to deal with waste in Cornwall

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SITA UK in CORNWALL

A single waste company

Integrating:

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Solution

• Landfills (LFs)

Mothball Connon Bridge landfill

Divert all waste to United Mines and increase permitted annual tonnage to achieve requisite 2010 closure

• Refuse Transfer Stations (RTSs)

Redevelopment of four existing RTSs (St Erth, Newquay, St Austell, Bangors)

Planning and licence applications, development of new RTSs in Scorrier, Launceston (replacing Bangors), Liskeard

• Materials Recycling Facilities (MRFs)

Redevelopment of two existing MRFs as necessary to accommodate increased kerbside recycling activity

• Household Waste Recycling Facilities (HWRC)

Improvement of existing HWRC sites and increase in landfill diversion

Development of three replacement and three new HWRC sites

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Solution

• Open Windrow Composting (OWCs)

SITA Cornwall will compost 90 per cent of all green waste received from the district councils:

Four existing composting facilities will be used at Cambourne, Saltash, St Erth and Wadebridge

• Energy from Waste Plant (EfW)

Requires planning permission from County Council and licence to operate from Environment Agency

Assuming those are obtained we would expect the EfW facility to begin operating in 2011/12.

• As part of a contract but outside the PFI

Three refuse transfer stations dedicated to Industrial & Commercial waste (Lee Mill, Domellick, Dudnance Lane)

Three recycling banks (Dudnance Lane, St Ives, Bowithick)

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Solution

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Base 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Material Recycling

Landfill

Composting

EfW

Buys LATS

Sells LATS

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Energy from Waste

SITA position paper on Energy from Waste technology available on http://www.sita.co.uk/downloads

Energy from Waste plant – Isle of Man

Delivering a proven solution

• SITA UK will deliver a solution that optimises material recovery and moves the county away from its dependency in landfill

• Landfill will continue to play a role in waste management but SITA UK will deliver an alternative through EfW

• EfW will deliver a ‘tried and tested’ alternative to landfill

• EfW will bring a number of other benefits including electricity, heat and aggregate for road building

• Experience in Europe shows that EfW and recycling can co-exist

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Energy from Waste – Cross Section of Plant

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Energy from Waste – Process Flow

W astedelivery

C om bustion a irdraw n from abovew aste

Clean fl ue gast o at mospher e

TU R BO -ALTER N ATO R

Pow er lines

C him neyBottom ashC om bustiona ir fan

Scrap m eta lextraction

Furnacegrate

F ly ash

Exhaustfan

Boiler Econom iser

H igh pressure steam trave ls from bo iler to turb ine

G as clean ing

LP Turb ine

G enerator H P Turb ine

Bag filte rs

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Energy from Waste• Alternative to landfill

European, national and local strategy focus on moving away from long-term reliance on landfill disposal

Targets

> Based on 1995 landfill diversion rates of biodegradable municipal waste disposed to landfill

> By 2010: 75%

> By 2013: 50%

> By 2020: 30% Cornwall currently produces approx. 330,000t of municipal waste

> Projected to rise to between 460,000t and 630,000t by 2036

> By 2020, only 51,000t will be able to be sent to landfill

> Alternatives to landfill are needed Landfill capacity is quickly running out in Cornwall

> United Mines will close in 2010

> Connon Bridge has limited capacity

• Produces electricity and in some case heat Combined heat and power plant Proposed plant to produce 16.6 Mwe net for export into national grid Enough power to supply energy to 15,000 homes Market for heat produced at Rostowrack site only

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Energy from Waste

• Size Capacity of 240,000 tonnes per year (Cornwall’s waste only) Calculated on waste expected to be produced in Cornwall by 2010 using following

assumptions:> 2% growth in waste volumes 2006 – 2010, then 1% growth 2010 onwards

(conservative)> Up to 30% recycling by 2014, then 32% recycling 2014 onwards > Waste will still be sent to landfill at these rates, even with EfW plant at full capacity

What if recycling rates increase more than projected?> Increase to 40%, waste can still be diverted from landfill to supply plant> Recycling rates at 50% will mean plant can take a small amount of 175,000t of

commercial waste generated in Cornwall• This waste is currently sent to landfill

What if waste volumes increase by more than two percent per year?> No commercial waste will need to be taken

There will never be any need to import waste to feed plant One plant more cost-effective and deliverable than constructing and running a number

smaller plants

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Cornwall’s Predicted Municipal Waste Volumes

MSW Arisings 1996 - 2036

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700000

1996

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2014

2016

2018

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2028

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Year

MS

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MSW Arisings Upper Projection MSW Arisings Middle Projection MSW Arisings Low er Projection Historical

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Energy from Waste

• Location Area of search outlined in Cornwall’s Waste Local Plan

> Identified four main criteria for the consideration of sites• Potential to be rail served • Potential for heat usage i.e. of supplying heat to local users and so operating in

combined heat and power (CHP) mode • Access to the main road network• Access to the electricity grid network

As part of the development of the Cornwall Waste Development Framework and following recent planning guidance (PPS 10) further site selection criteria were added

> Preference of brownfield sites over greenfield > Availability of site – is land owner prepared to release site for development?

Following an extensive site finding exercise, the Draft Report on Preferred Options of the Cornwall Waste Development Framework identifies 4 potential locations for an EFW facility:

> Rocks Dryers> Rostowrack Farm > Victoria Business Park> Wheal Remfry

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Potential Energy from Waste Sites

Site Rocks Dryers Rostowrack Farm

Victoria Business Park**

Wheal Remfry

Rail Served ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

CHP potential ✘ ✔ ✘ ✔

Road Connectivity ✘ (✔)* ✔ ✔

Grid Connectivity ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

Brownfield site ✔ (✘)*** ✘ ✔

Availability ✘ ✔ ✔ ✘

Rank 4 1 2 3

Table provided by CCC

*Subject to satisfactory agreement with Highways

**This site is actually 2 sites but one is unavailable (landowner does not wish to sell)

***This site is however identified in the adopted Cornwall Minerals Local Plan (1998) as a site for the development of plant ancillary to the china clay industry

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Energy from Waste

• Regulations Planning permission required from Cornwall County Council PPC permit from the Environment Agency based on Waste Incineration Directive

2000> Determines licence to operate> Limits allowable emissions

• Emissions EfW plants more strictly regulated than most other processes, including coal and

gas fired power stations All combustion processes produce emissions, e.g. bonfires, fireworks, transport

> The National Society for Clean Air estimates that just 1% of the UK’s total annual dioxin emissions come from modern waste incineration while 14% come from bonfires and fireworks.

Regulated by Waste Incineration Directive 2000> Came fully into force in 2005> Plant must demonstrate it can operate within allowable emission limits in order

to obtain licence to operate> Regular monitoring ensures plant continues to operate within licence> Any non compliance must be reported to the Environment Agency and

satisfactorily resolved

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Energy from Waste

• Traffic Deliveries to the site will be during normal

daytime working hours Thorough survey on approach roads to be

conducted by the County’s Highways department

Highways issues will be dealt with through the planning process

• Noise Noise survey commissioned to monitor

background noise in St Dennis area

• Recycling EfW does not squeeze out recycling or waste

minimisation efforts> Even at 50% recycling, Cornwall still

produces more waste than plant can manage

> Denmark: 30% recycling, 58% EfW, 12% landfill

> Switzerland: 39% recycling, 47% EfW, 14% landfill

SITA EfW site in Rambouillet, France

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Energy from Waste in Europe

• Switzerland Since 2000, all flammable waste is incinerated - landfill forbidden 28 EfW plants - Total capacity: 3.29 million tonnes Production of electricity for 250,000 households Production of heat leading to a decrease in fuel importations up to 215,000

tonnes

• Germany 66 EfW plants – Total capacity: 16.9 millions tonnes 36% of household waste incinerated

• France 128 EfW plants – Total capacity: 12 millions tonnes 42% of household waste incinerated

• UK 15 plants 9% of household waste incinerated in 2004/2005

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Evidence from Europe indicates that high recycling (including composting) rates can be sustained alongside high incineration rates.

Energy from Waste in Europe

Thank you

Any questions?