Integrated Sustainable Landscape

Water Quality Improvement (TSS, TP, TN)

1. Rain Garden (Bio-retention Basin)

2. Eco pond and Wetland Garden

3. Buffer Strip/Vegetative Swale/ Bio Swale

4. Floating Garden

Energy conservation

1. Retention Tank

2. Solar Irrigation

3. Hi- Green

4. Wind power

Biodiversity Gardens

1. Dragon fly garden, Butterfly garden

2. Herb and Spice Garden

3. Vegetable Gardens

4. Nature walk

Rain Garden/ Bio-retention Basin

Rain Garden

shallow and planted depression garden

rainfall and stormwater runoff in its design and plant selection. 

Soils are engineered and appropriate plants selected

a small bioretention cell in which stormwater is cleaned and reduced in volume

Nitrogen and phosphorus levels and overall sediment loads in the stormwater

a positive cumulative effect on both the volume and quality of stormwater runoff. 

improve water quality, aesthetic pleasant and 30% amount of pollution, Impurities in the

rain water are removed.

inexpensive, simple to implement and environmentally sound solution to urban

stormwater runoff.

•Filter runoff pollution

•Recharge local groundwater

•Conserve water

•Improve water quality

•Protect rivers and streams

•Remove standing water

•Reduce mosquito breeding

•Increase beneficial insects that eliminate pest insects

•Reduce potential flooding

•Create habitat for birds & butterflies

•Survive drought seasons

•Reduce garden maintenance

•Enhance sidewalk appeal

•Increase garden enjoyment

Benefits of rain garden

Plant selection

Rheophytes plants and native plants

Amended Soil

180 mm/sq-m/hr

Pinanga rivularis Pinanga tenella

Pteris semipinnata Salix babylonica (tree)

Thevetia peruviana Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth

Dipteris luberiena Phyllanthus myrtifolius

Cuphea hyssopifolia Ficus celebensis (tree)

Ixora lobbii King & Gamble var. stenophylla

Wet Land Garden

Constructed Wetland

Used to remove suspended solids, nutrients like Nitrogen as ammonia and

nitrate forms and Phosphorus.

to remove enteric viruses, bacteria.

relatively low-cost method for treating wastewater

Constructed Wetlands

treatment system for wastewater and stormwater.

Provide aesthetic, commercial and habitat value

Robust and effective treatment

Low maintenance requirements and operational costs

Low or no energy requirements

High design flexibility

Offer sustainable solutions

water quality improvement

Plant Selection

Water repellent leaves cover with dense hair and waxy material.

1) Emergence plants

2) Floating leaves

3) Floaters

4) Submergence Plants

Submerge Plants

Hydrilla verticillata camboba Aquatic Ottelia alismoides

Cryptoccoryne griffithii utricularia bifida Bacopa caroliniana

Cabomba aquatic Aubl Ceratopteris thalictroides Ottelia alismoides

Rotala macrandra Koehne

Floating Plants

Hygroryza aristata Pistia stratiotes Nympheae sp

Brasenia schreberi Victoria amazonica Salvinia molesta

Neptunia oleracea Eichhornia crassipes Trapa natans

Lemna minor L. Ludwigia adscendens Spirodela polyrhiza

Salvinia minima Baker Eichhornia azurea Hydrocleys nymphoides

Salvinia natans Utricularia aurea Ludwigia sedoides

Floating Leave Plants

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn Nympheaea hybrids Nympheae leibergii Morong

Nymphaea nouchali Nymphoides cordata Victoria amazonica

Emergence Plant

Lepironia articulata

Lasia spinosa Taxorium distichum (tree)

Lepironia articulata

Typha spp Sagittaria spp Alisma spp

Thalia geneculata Melastoma malabathricum salix spp.

Pandanus amaryllifolius

Cyperus haspan Var.vivipurus Cyperus papirus Pandanus amaryllifolius

Typhonodrum lindleyanum

Zephyranthes candita Portulaca sp

Hymenocallis speciosa

Polygonum barbatum Hymenocallis speciosa Canna generalis

Subsurface Flow Wetland

In this wetland, no water is visible as it is flowing below the subsurface through a filter media which retains suspendence solids. The roots of the plants absorb impurities in the water thereby cleaning it.

Surface Flow WetlandThis wetland has low marshes planted throughout and the water is kept at a constant depth. The low marsh planting helps to remove impurities in the water, resulting cleaner water.

Floating Aquatic WetlandIn this wetland, floating aquatic plants help to purify the water by encouraging suspended solids to settle. The roots of the plants cleanse the water by absorbing the nutrients from the water.

Bio Swale

Bio Swale

Bioswales

• storm water runoff conveyance systems

•an alternative to storm sewers.

•They can absorb low flows or carry runoff from heavy rains

•Storm water management

•improve water quality by infiltration and filtering

Axonopus Compressus Portulaca Multiflora. Catheranthus roseus

Stenotaphrum secundatur

Zephrenthes candida Pandanus pygmeus Stenotaphrum secundatur

Ophiopogun jaburan cordyline fruiticosa ( miniature) Cymbopogon citratus

Pennisetum alopecuroides

Pennisetum alopecuroides Arundina spp. (Dwarf) Angelonia biflora (Alba)

Netrium oleander

Zepharanthes rosea Dianella ensifolia Nerium oleander

Ocimum basilicum

The Planting Method that can extend the growing area especially where land is scarce

both cheap and sustainable

be displayed as garden that afloat on the water surface

shelters for fish & other aquatic organisms from the sun & predators

On a large scale , these plants can help to purify water in reservoirs, lakes & ponds.

Butterfly Garden

Butterfly Host Plants/ Caterpillar Food Plant

a site for the butterfly to lay eggs and also food source for the emerging caterpillar.

Brownea rosa-de-monte

Brownea grandicepsBrownea coccinea ssp. capitella

Bridelia tomentosaBidens pilosa L.

Bauhinia bidentataAsystasia nemorumAsystasia nemorumAsystasia nemorumAsystasia gangetica

Asystasia gangetica 'Alba'Asystasia gangetica Asystasia gangeticaArtemisia vulgarisArachnothryx leucophylla

Antigonon leptopusntigonon leptopusAlstonia scholaris Aloysia virgata Allium tuberosum

Bucida buceras L. Buddleja davidii Buddleja davidii Buddleja davidii

Caesalpinia pucherrima 'Cream Puff'

Caesalpinia pulcherrima Calliandra tergemina var. emarginata (L.) Cassia fistula L.

Clematis aristata Clerodendrum x speciosum Clerodendrum indicum Clerodendrum wallichii Cordia cylindristachya

Cordia sebestena Cosmos caudatus Crotalaria mucronata

Cuphea ignea A. DC. Duranta

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Duranta 'Dwarf White' Duranta erecta Duranta erecta 'Alba' Duranta erecta 'Sheena's Gold

Duranta erecta 'Variegata'Elaeocarpus grandiflorusEuclinia longiflora Salisb.Gardenia gjellerupii ValetonHamelia patens Jacq.

Helianthus annuus L. Heliotropium indicum L.Ipomoea quamoclit L. Ipomoea quamoclit 'White Feather' L.

Duranta erecta

Iris domestica (Linn.) DC.

Ixora (Variegated Leaf) Ixora 'Compacta Orange' Ixora 'Light Pink' Ixora 'Molly Garret' Ixora 'Sunkist'

Ixora

Ixora

Jatropha integerrimaJatropha podagrica Hook.

Kalanchoe pinnata Lantana camara

Ixora

Mandevilla 'Alice Du Pont'

Lantana camara Lantana camara Lantana camara Lantana montevidensis Lespedeza bicolor

Mandevilla 'Alice Du Pont'

Mandevilla sanderi 'Red

Mandevilla sanderi 'Rosea'

Melastoma malabathricum L

Mikania micrantha (L.) Kunth ex H.B.K.

Melastoma malabathricum L.

Parkinsonia aculeata L. Odontonema cuspidatum

Pentalinon luteum Pentas lanceolataPentas lanceolata Pentas lanceolataPentas lanceolata

Passiflora suberosa

Thymophylla tenuiloba Tecoma stans  

Syzygium polyanthumSyzygium grande Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

Symphyotrichum laeve var.Sterculia rubiginosa Vent. Stelechocarpus burahol

Stachytarpheta mutabilis (Jacq.) Vahl

Stachytarpheta indica

Stachytarapheta indica

Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides

Radermachera 'Kunming'

Rotheca myricoides 'Ugandense'

Ruspolia hypocrateriformis

Saraca thaipingensis Cantley ex Prain

Schaueria flavicoma Schefflera actinophylla Sphagneticola trilobata (L.)

Stachytarapheta red

Tithonia rotundifolia

Uvaria grandiflora

Vallaris glabra

Xanthostemon chrysanthus

Xanthostemon verdugonianus Naves  

Butterfly Nectar Plants /Butterfly Food Plant

- attract, retain, and encourage butterfly populations to visit. Butterflyneed to drink Nectar every 30 minutes

- select a variety of nectar-producing plants and keep 80 % flowers

Adenanthera pavonina L.

Adenia macrophylla Alternanthera ficoidea 'White Carpet'

Annona cherimola Mill.

Annona squamosa L

Ardisia elliptica Aristolochia acuminata Aristolochia ringens Artemisia vulgaris L Asclepias curassavica

Asystasia gangetica ssp

Asystasia nemorum Averrhoa bilimbi L

Bacopa caroliniana Breynia disticha

Breynia disticha Caesalpinia pucherrima Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Asystasia nemorum

Calliandra tergemina Calotropis gigantea Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Cassia fistula Cassia

mimosoides

Cinnamomum iners Citrus x aurantifolia Citrus limon Citrus maxima Cleome hassleriana

Cleome rutidosperma

Clerodendrum laevifolium Cocos nucifera L.

Crateva religiosa Crotalaria retusa L.

Curcuma longa L Cyathula prostrata BlCyrtostachys renda BlumeDendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Falcataria moluccana

Ficus lyrata Warb. Flacourtia inermis Hedychium coronarium Heliotropium indicum

Hemigraphis alternata

Hoya carnosa Ilex cymosa Ipomoea triloba L. Ixora congesta Roxb. Ixora javanica (Bl.) DC.

Kalanchoe pinnata Lantana camara Magnolia x alba Mangifera indica L Melastoma malabathricum

Mimosa pudica L.  

Murraya koenigii Neolamarckia cadamba Nephelium lappaceum

Neptunia plena (L.)

Nerium oleander Pandanus amaryllifolius

Passiflora foetida L. Passiflora suberosa L

Phyllodium longipes (Craib) Schindl. Polyalthia longifoliaPseuderanthemum carruthersii

Pterocarpus indicus Salix babylonica L. Saraca thaipingensis Cantley ex Prain Schinus molle

Senna alata (Linnaeus)

Senna siamea Senna surattensis Strobilanthes dyerianus Talipariti tiliaceum Timonius wallichianus

Butterfly SPP.

Athyma asura Catopsilia pomona Appias lyncida

Catopsilia pyranthe pyranthe

Catopsilia scylla cornelia Cethosia hypseaChilasa clytia clytiaDanaus chrysippus chrysippus

Danaus genutia Doleschallia bisaltide Elymnias hypermnestra Euploea mulciber

Euploea phaenareta castelnaui

Eurema andersonii

Eurema blanda Eurema brigitta Eurema simulatrix

Eurema sari Euthalia aconthea

Euripus nyctelius euploeoides Euthalia adonia pinwill Euthalia merta merta

Hypolimnas bolina bolina Idea leuconoe chersonesia

Leptosia nina malayana

Melanitis leda Neptis hylas

Pachliopta aristolochiae asteris

Papilio demoleus malayanus

Papilio memnon agenor

Papilio polytes romulus

Ypthima baldus

elegant Common Mormon Lantana, Murraya koenigii, Citrus plants

Common Palmfly Yellow Cane Palm (Chrysalido carpus lutescens).

Common Tit Hypolycaena erylus teatus, Centaur Oak Blue (Arhopala pseudocentaurus nakula).

Eugenia spp.

Baron (Euthalia aconthea gurda) Mango

Blue Nawab (Polyura schreiber tisamenus Rambutan

Lime Butterfly (Papilio demoleus malayanus), Banded Swallowtail (Papilio demolion demolion), and Common Mormon (Papilio polytes romulus).

Lime (various Citrus species)

Great Eggfly (Hypolimnas bolina bolina) and the sun-loving Blue Pansy (Junonia orithya wallacei).

Common Asystasia

Common Tiger (Danaus genutia genutia) a creeper-vine

Sumatran Sunbeam (Curetis saronis sumatrana) and the Common Awl (Hasora badra badra).

common Derris with species Mangrove flora

Striped Albatross Cleome (rutidosperma) an uncommon weed

Banded Swallowtail Lavunga scandens not present in the Park, might be using other species in the Rutacea family

Sunbeam(Curetis saronis sumatrana)

Leguminosae, probably Derris

Cabbage White Gironiera sp.

Neplis sp Adenia, not present in the Park

Cruiser Utricaceae, specific host plant not known

Malayan Egg-fly Citrus and others of the Rutacea family

Lime Butterfly Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Moraceae, Aristolochiaceae, Compositae, etc

Crow (Euploea sp.) Annonaceae and Michelia

Tailed Green Jay Citrus and others of the Rutacea family

Common Mormon Ipomonea batatas, Acanthaceae

Great Egg-fly Coconut and other palms, probably bamboo too

Common Palmfly Parantica-Lasianthus spp.

Glassy Tiger(Ideopsis vulgaris macrina)(Prantica a. algeoides)

Ideopsis-Piper spp.

Common Grass Yellow Cleome (rutidosperma) an uncommon weed here

Leguminosae; Acacia, Albizia, Caesalpinia; Cassia

Life Cycle

Complete metamorphosis

1-12 months

Adult

Pupa

Caterpillar

Egg

Breeding Cage and Structure House