Integrated ScienceIntegrated Science

Review Items

Dr. May

VelocityVelocity

Velocity is in meters/second

v = d/t

Distance is in meters

d = vt

Time is in seconds

t = d/v

AccelerationAcceleration

Acceleration is in meters/second2

a = v/t

Velocity is in meters/second

v = at

Time is in seconds

t = v/a

ForceForce

Force is in kg meters/sec2 or Newtons

F = ma

Acceleration is in meters/second2

a = F/m

Mass is in kilograms (kg)

m = F/a

GravityGravity

Distance is in meters

d = ½ gt2

The acceleration of gravity (g) is

9.8 meters/second2

Time is in seconds

____

t = √2d/g

MomentumMomentum

Momentum (p) is in kg meters/second

p = mv

Mass is in kilograms

m = p/v

Velocity is in meters/second

v = p/m

Electric CurrentElectric Current

Potential difference is in volts

V = IR

Current (I) is in amperes

I =V/R

Resistance is in ohms ()

R = V/I

PowerPower

Power is in watts

P = IV

Current (I) is amperes

I = P/V

Potential difference is in volts

V = P/I

Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy

Electrical energy is in kilowatt hours (kWh)

E = Pt

Power is in kilowatts

P = E/t

Time is in hours

T = E/P

Density of LiquidsDensity of Liquids

Density is in grams/milliliter

D = m/V

Volume is in milliliters (ml)

V = m/D

Mass is in grams

m = DV

Density of SolidsDensity of Solids

Density is in grams/cubic centimeter

D = m/V

Volume is in cubic centimeters (cm3)

V = m/D

Mass is in grams

m = DV

Light YearsLight Years

The speed of light is 3.0 x 108 m/s

A light year is a unit of distance

A light year is 9.5 x 1015 meters

It would take 10 million years to drive one light year at 60 mph

Light Years AwayLight Years Away

The closest star is 4.3 light years away

The next closest galaxy (Andromeda) is 2 million light years away

Giant elliptical galaxies may be 200,000 light years in diameter

Dying StarsDying Stars

Small stars become red giants

A white dwarf is the remaining dim core of a dying star

The sun will last another 5 x 109 years and will become a red giant

SupernovasSupernovas

A supernova is an exploding large star

Large supernovas form black holes

The remaining core of a supernova is a dense neutron star

The SunThe Sun

The sun is a small starLight travels from the sun to earth in 8 min.The sun’s size is 110 times that of earthThe sun’s diameter is 1.4 x 106 kilometersThe sun is 90% hydrogen and 9.9% helium