Integrated Course of College English

The Third Two Periods

Unit Two Book Four

Designed by SHAO Hong-wan

Writing and Exercises

• Warming-up----Tongue Twister• Review--- Words and expressions• Writing Skill---Practical writing• Enriching Your Word Power• Do Exercises• Proverbs and Quotations

1. Blue glue gun, green glue gun.

2. Caution: Wide Right Turns

3. Each Easter Eddie eats eighty Easter eggs.

4. Elizabeth has eleven elves in her elm tree.

5. How many saws could a see-saw saw if a see-saw could saw saws?

6. How much oil boil can a gum boil boil if a gum boil can boil oil?

7. I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought. If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought, I wouldn't have thought so much.

8. I wish I were what I was when I wished I were what I am.

9. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.

10. I wish you were a fish in my dish

Tongue Twist

1. 以……形式 __________2. 心率 ________________3. 依次 ________________4. 度过难关 _____________5. 能源危机 ____________6. 生态系统 ____________7. 动用、利用 __________8. 能力消耗 ____________9. 至于、就……来说 ____10. 倾向，癖好 __________11. 减弱，调低 _________12. 生孩子 ______________13. 银行账户 ____________14. 鲜为人知 ___________15. 健康状况 ___________

Directions: Match each of the Chinese phrases in Column A with its English counterpart in column B. The first one has been done for you as an example. A B

Chinese English

Match the words with their meanings

A. pull throughB. in turnC. in the case ofD. in the form ofE. heart rateF. an ecological systemG. energy crisisH. draw onI. the expenditure of energyJ. bank accountK. in (good) conditionL. less well knownM. turn of mindN. turn downO. give birth to

DEB

F

ICM

OJ

AG

H

N

LK

1. 能源危机

2. 金融危机

3. 节能

4. 更重实际的人

5. 生态体系

6. 反过来

7. 转化成

8. 一个相关的好例子

energy crisis

financial crisis

conserve energy

people of a more practical mind

ecological system

in turn

convert into

a good case in point

Useful Expressions

9. 富含营养的食物

10. 生理上成熟

nutritious food

physically mature

11. 生育 give birth to

13. 满足需求

14. 储存脂肪

15. 银行帐户

meet one’s needs

deposit fat

bank accounts16. 充足的食物供给 abundant food supply17. 内在生理反应

18. 减缓新陈代谢

19. 冬眠

21. 生命的基本规律

22. 慢下来

internal physiological response

lower metabolism

hibernation

fundamental rule of life

slow down

20. 度过难关 pull sb. through

12. 搜寻 search for

1. We must ensure a reasonable proportion between collection and consumption. _________________

2. Coal can be changed into gas by burning. _________

3. Natural resources are increasingly rare here. _________

4. He told me that he made use of his childhood memories for the material of most of his stories.______________

5. You really ought to relax a little for some time----all these late nights are doing you no good. ____________

Directions: Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with words or phrases from the box. Change the forms if necessary. Pleases note: each word or phrase can be used only once.

somewhat convert scarce draw on pull through

resource slow down accumulation move about meet

accumulation

converted

scarce

drew on

slow down

6. It’s urgent for us to exploit more natural raw materials to meet our future needs. __________

7. Although she is still quite sick, her doctor is sure he will soon help her to recover.____________

8. I was a little relived to learn that the damage caused by the fire was not that serious._________

9. As a salesman he has to constantly travel around. _________

10. In order to satisfy my financial need. I have to do extra work during the weekends.___________

somewhat convert scarce draw on pull through

resource slow down accumulation move about meet

resource

pull her through

somewhat

move about

meet

Writing Skill----Topic sentences

Directions: Read the following paragraphs and then write out the topic sentence of each paragraph.

Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit” in society.

1. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter, and so on.

Language learning begins with listening.

2. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will ask questions by gesture and by making noises.

Writing StyleThe article is both an expository and argumentative writing. The author

puts forward the topic in the first paragraph (LL.1~6) i.e. －“ Energy makes the world go round.”

In the following paragraphs (LL.7~70) the author develops the topic by describing in great detail the life of deer in four seasons and various means by which they survive the hard times in winter. These evidences show that life depends on energy. This is true to human beings as well as animals. By making a comparison (LL.51~62) between mankind and white-tailed deer in North America, the author wants to lead us to pay more attention the importance of conserving the energy. And also the author develops the article by using the writing techniques such as exemplification (LL.18~70), cause and effect (LL.7~17, LL.51~62, LL.71~74), comparison (LL.51~62), classification (LL.29~37), etc.

The last paragraph is a conclusion, i.e. “Life depends on energy, thus the cycle continues.”

Writing Practice

Everybody know that life depends on energy. __________________

________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________.

Unfortunately a mounting energy crisis is now hitting us….________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________.

Measures must be taken to ease the crisis. ___________________

________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Energy Crisis. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the topic sentences given below.

Energy Crisis

SampleEverybody know that life depends on energy. For example, coal, an abundant source of energy, can be found in many provinces. China also has a few large oil fields, and usually natural gas accompanies oil production fields. In addition, large and small power plants have been built on vast rivers since liberation

Unfortunately a mounting energy crisis is now hitting us. We use energy to run our factories, run our cars and trains, and heat our homes. In a word, we have a great need for energy because of our economic growth and daily life.

Measures must be taken to ease the crisis. For one thing, factories and individuals should be encouraged to save energy. For another, scientists should be encouraged to develop alternatives to the present resources of energy.

Wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can in summer and fall, ( 以脂肪的形式储存多余的食物 ) _________________________ _____, and then use their stored fat to survive ( 冬季的艰难时期 )___________ ____________ when food is scarce. But, even with their ( 脂肪储备 )________ wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. ( 一个恰当的例子 )__________________is the white-tailed deer. In summer, after they ( 生下小鹿 )_____________________, physically mature female deer must search for ( 处于生长旺期，可转换成能量的植物 ) _______________________________ __________________, because milk production is ( 一个消耗能量的过程 )______ _______________________. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to ( 储存冬季可利用的体内脂肪 )_________________ _______________________. As fall turns into winter, hair on all the deer becomes thicker, which ( 提 供 了 一 个 外 部 保 护 层 ) _______________________ ___________to help deer to survive the winter. In addition, and most important of all, deer have ( 一种内部生理反应 )__________________________________ which helps to ( 降低能量消耗 )______________________________________ by lowering their metabolism. If the

Summary Writing

of fat

times in winter fat reserves

A good case in pointhave given birth to fawns

converted into energy

energy-consuming process

Which can be drawn onprovides an external

an internal physiological response slow down their expenditure of energy

storing the excess in the form

growing plants which can be

the hard

an

deposit body fat

safeguard

winter has deep snow, which means the deer has to spend more energy to ( 四处走走 )_________ _______________________________________weak deer die in the freezing winter, their bodies become food for other life forms. ( 至于能源危机 ) _______________________, we still can pull through by following the deer: deer grow a winter coat of hair while we can ( 多穿衣服保暖 ) ____________________________; deer ( 降低新陈代谢水平 ) ____________________ while we can turn the thermostat on the furnace down.

, they must then be ( 更多地依靠脂肪储备来度过难关 )move aboutmore dependent on fat reserves to pull through . Even if some small and

In the case of energy crisis

put on more clothes to stay warmtheir metabolism

lower

Enriching Your Word Power

A1. man

2. earth

3. body

4. labor

5. fact

6. record

7. tone

8. paper

B

breaking

saving

cutting

building

eating

shaking

setting

finding

____________________

____________________

____________________

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

man-eating

earth-shaking

body-building

labor-saving

fact-finding

record-breaking

tone-setting

paper-cutting

A noun + the –ing form of a verb can form a compound adjective. E.g.

an energy-consuming process peace-loving people

an epoch-making event breath-taking beauty

Bio- is a combing form indicating life or living organisms, for example, biological, biography, eco- is another combining form. Denoting ecology or ecological, for example, ecoshpere, ecosystem.

Now study the formation of the following words and explain their meanings. Consult an all ?English dictionary if necessary.

biochemistry_______________________________________________

______________________________________________

biocide___________________________________________________

bioconversion______________________________________________

______________________________________________

biophysics_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

ecoactivity_______________________________________________

________________________________

The science tht deals with the chemical processes of

living animals and plants; biological chemistry

any substance poisonous to life

The conversion of biological waste, garbage, and plant

material into energy, fertilizer, and other useful products

The branch of biology which applies the laws of physics

to explain the phenomena of biology

any project or undertaking to combat pollution or improve

the quality of the enviroment

ecocatastrophe____________________________________________

___________________________________________

ecocode________________________________________________

__________________________________________

ecospecies_________________________________________________

________________________________________________

A large-scale or world-wide disaster resulting from

uncontrolled use of pollutants

The destruction of the earth’s environment or ecology

through the uncontrolled use of poluutants

A group of organisms only somewhat fertile with organisms of

related groups, usually considered equuivalent to a species

1) fundmental 2) deposite

3) in the form of 4) in good condition

5) currencies 6) resources

7) lowering 8) conceived

9) Rhythm 10) reserve

11) romantic 12) productivity

13) dependent 14) internal

Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a word or phrase chosen from the Words & Phrases to Drill box. Change the form where necessary.

Replace the italicized parts in the following sentences with words or phrases chosen from the Words & Phrases to Drill box.

1. grown-up----mature2. cash supply----money reserve3. put sth in the bank----deposit4. yen---currency5. more than enough----ample6. basic----fundamental7. has brought forth----has given birth to8. rather----somewhat9. a surplus----an excess10. gathered----accumulated11. change---convert12. made laugh----amused

1) drew on

2) depend on

3) slowing down

4) put on

5) turn down

Use the verb in brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb and complete the sentence with it.

Cloze: fill in the missing words and phrases

Passage A:

1) go round 2) currency

3) deposited 4) accumulate

5) consuming 6) abundant

7) scarce 8) turning down

9) pull through 10) extreme

11) draw on 12) Hence

13) give birth to

Passage B.

1) with 2) on

3) future 4) as

5) to 6) cycles

7) rhythms 8) from

9) body 10) other

11) studying 12) over

13) that 14) effects

15) direction 16) take

17) one

1. be misled by, are, easy, advertisements, young women, is, to, Mary

Young women are easy to be misled by advertisements. A case in point is Mary.

2. otherwise, John, was, poverty, most people, it, depresses Poverty depresses most people. In the case of John it was

otherwise.3. me, about the conference, I, remind, please, forget Please remind me about the conference in case I forget. 4. Keeping on, many people, work harder, discourage, only, they,

but, hardships, from, impel, their work, Mike, can, him, to Hardships discourage many people from keeping on their

work, but in the case of Mike, they only impel him to work harder.

Directions: Rearrange the following words and phrases in logical order, using the phrase “a case in point”, in “in the case of” or “in case (of…)”.

1. least, knows, who, most, says It is well known that who knows least says most.2. that, animals, probably, practice, also, do, deer, as,

energy conservation, hibernate, just. It is well known that deer do energy conservation

practice just as animals hibernate.3. our, not, energy resources, inexhaustible, are It is well known that our energy resources are not

inexhaustible.4. Vitamin C, to, can, of, an, health, also, overdose, do

harm, our It is less known that an overdose of Vitamin C can also

do harm to our health.

Directions: Rearrange the following words and phrases in logical order, using the structure” it is well known…” or “it is less well known that…”

1. Only some teenager are indulged in video games. Not all the teenagers are indulged in video games.2. Only some horses can run fast. Not every horse can run fast.3. Only some of the places of historic interest and scenic

spots are well preserved. Not all the places of historic interest and scenic spots

are well preserved.4. Only some of his knight-errant works of fiction are worth

reading. Not every piece of his knight-errant works of fiction is

worth reading.

Directions: Rewrite the italicized parts of the following sentences after the model, using the phrase “not every” or “not all”.

Proverbs and Quotations

1. Only the fittest survives.

适者生存。

2. Plan your consumption carefully on a long term basis, and you will not need to worry when a famine occurs.

细水长流，遇灾不愁。

3. It is not enough to do good; one must do it the right way. － John Morley, British statesman人不仅要做好事，更要以正确的方式做好事。 —— 英国政治家 J•莫利

5. Mistakes are an essential part of education. － Bertrand Russell, British philosopher

教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。 —— 美国历史学家 杜兰特

错误是教育极为重要的一部分。 —— 英国哲学家 B•罗素

4. Education is a progressive discovery of our ignorance. － Durant, American historian

Assignments

• Read the phrases again and again after class, next time we’ll have a dictation.

• Put the sentences into English and write the composition on your exercise-books.

• Do Vocabulary exercises in unit 2.• Preview the new words and text in Unit 3.