Integrated Aflatoxin Control Management in Indonesia area. Content : Theory and Field Practices...

Endang S.Rahayu DFAPT Gadjah Mada Univ.

Integrated Aflatoxin Control Management in Indonesia

Endang S. RahayuDepartment of Food Agricultural Product Technology

Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyGadjah Mada University

Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, [email protected]


Introduction

• Mycotoxin problem in tropical countries– Due to high temperature and humidity

• Losses due to aflatoxin problem in Indonesia– Economy– Health

• Important commodities– Corn– Peanut


Regulation related to Aflatoxin

• UU Pangan (No 7, 1996)• Peraturan Pemerintah (No 28, 2004)• Surat Keputusan Kepala Badan POM RI

(2004)• SNI/National Indonesian Standard (2006)

– Level of mycotoxin contamination in food products (draft)• Total Aflatoxin max 30 ppb• AFB1 max 20 ppb and

we care what we eat


Ministry of Agriculture

Provincial Governor

District Regent

University Provincial of Agriculture Office

District of Agriculture Office

Farmer Groups / CollectorsSmall Medium Scale Entrepreneurship

How integrated program was established

Extension-specialistExtension-worker

Guidance

Consultancy

Industry

Collaborators : Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan & Balitbangda Jawa Tengah, Pemda & Perusda Jepara, Balitkabi Malang, Garuda Food, Dinas Pertanian DIY , Gapoktan, BB Pasca Panen, Pemda Sragen, UGM


Preparation ofProgram

GuidelinesTechnologies

InformationNetwork

Department of Agriculture

Research Institutes

Universities

Provincial/LocalGovernment

Industries

Farmers/Traders

Aflatoxin Forum Survey

Competitive Program BDept. Food Agricultural Product Technology

Gadjah Mada University

Problem identifications Aflatoxin mapping

UniversitiesResearch InstitutesGovernmentIndustriesFarmers/Traders


GuidelinesTechnologies

Agricultural practices(on farm)

Implementation of the ProgramsTraining/Guidance

Post-harvest practices(off farm)

Increasing the productivity Increasing quality and safety

Low aflatoxin level of agricultural productsIncreasing market share

Increasing awareness of aflatoxin problemIncreasing income of farmers

Reduction ofaflatoxin level

Research


Why there is a Forum?• Research related to aflatoxins

and their controls have been conducted in several research institutes and universities in Indonesia

• Research and program conducted (related to minimizing aflatoxin contamination) were overlapping each-other caused by limitation of communication

• Research findings have not been applied effectively to technical levels (farmer, processor, trader, etc)

• Regulation related to aflatoxin contamination in food is being prepared and should be socialized to stake holders

• Communication Forum between related parties is needed


Aflatoxin Forum Indonesia• AFI is a forum communication

among government, research institute, university, industry, farmer, and community related to aflatoxin and their effect in health

• Objectives :– To increase the awareness

related to aflatoxin– To establish integrated

program– To set up priority to control

aflatoxin problem – To organize concrete

program and activities– To support the government

in socializing the regulation related to aflatoxin


Coordination to set up integrated program for aflatoxin control, between DFAPT and local governments and the agencies


Problem identification through participatory approach with farmers and traders facilitated by local government agencies (including problems on-farm, pre-harvest, off-farm/post harvest, market chains)

Problem identification


Identified Problem

• Low productivity – For corn about 3.5 ton/Ha, max.– For peanut about 1 ton/Ha, max. 3.5 ton/Ha

• Low quality of seed • Less seed (50 kg/ha) which planted

(normally 90-100kg/ha)• Limitation of irrigation, fertilizer and

pest control


Identified Problem

• Improper agricultural, post harvest and material handling practices

• Low quality and safety (high aflatoxin level)

• low prize and limited market opportunity


Updating data on aflatoxin occurrence for the based line of aflatoxin level

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Agricultural Practices – Post Harvest Handling

Critical Point for Aflatoxigenic Fungal Infection


Improper of seed (Hybrid Corn)

Opened covered mature corn at the field – stimulate insect damage, followed by infection of aflatoxigenic fungi


Drying - processes

Silo DryerDirjen P2HP Program


Hybrid DryerDFAPT


The strategies and programs• Establishing comprehensive program for

training based on the existing problem -Training and assistance to the local farmer and traders – Field School

• Establishing guidelines for good agricultural practices (including the use of fungus and toxin resistant varieties of plants, proper irrigation techniques and fertilizer practices, pest control, and crop rotation)

• Establishing guidelines for good post harvest and material handling practices (including drying practices and storage condition)


Field School

Field School has been designed organized for peanut farmer at producer area.

Content :Theory and Field Practices


Field Practices

• Selection of peanut seed

• Good agronomic practices

• Good pre and post harvest practices

• Identification plant diseases


Kampung Teknologi JEPARA


The strategies and programs

• Identification, selection, adaptation, and or adoption of specific locally acceptable technologies for the prevention and control aflatoxin in the agricultural practices (on-farm and off-farm)

• On-farm : preparation of plant resistance to Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus

• Off-farm : preparation of appropriate and applicable dryer, UV lamp for rapid detection of aflatoxin


The strategies and programs

• Researches on new technology approaches in peanut and maize industries and their value-added products (which likely create investment opportunities)


Conclusions• Several strategies for prevention and control of

hazardous Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticusand their dangerous aflatoxins have been promoted.

• Collaboration between universities, research institutes, government, farmer, traders, industries the will be effective in implementation these strategies.

• Several performance indicators are targeted such as increasing the productivity, quality and safety (low aflatoxin level) of the commodities, increasing market share, increasing awareness of aflatoxin problem and income of farmers.

Integrated Aflatoxin Control Management in Indonesia area. Content : Theory and Field Practices...

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