Insulin and Counterregulatory

Hormones - DKA

Ahmad Abid Abas 2

6th Year – IUMP 2013

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

• Due to :

Severe insulin deficiency.

Excess counter-regulatory hormones.– Epinephrine

– Glucagon

– Cortisol

– Growth Hormone

Role of Insulin• Required for transport of glucose into :

Muscle

Adipose

Liver

• Inhibits lipolysis.

• Growth, Potassium..

• Absence of Insulin .– Glucose accumulates in the blood.

– Liver• Uses amino acids for gluconeogenesis.

• Converts fatty acids into ketone bodies.– Acetone,Acetoacetate, ß-hydroxybutyrate

- Increase counter-regulatory hormones

Counterregulatory Hormones -DKAIncreases

Insulin Resistance

Activates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

Activates Lipolysis

Inhibits Insulin

Secretion

Epinephrine X X X X

Glucagon X

Cortisol X X

Growth Hormone

X X X