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bjan-sba.org

Brazilian Journal ofANESTHESIOLOGYR e v i s t a B r a s i l e i r a d e A n e s t e s i o l o g i a

Instructions to Authors

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INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 5Types of articleLanguageSubmission checklist

BEFORE YOU BEGIN .......................................................... 7Ethics in publishingReporting guidelinesDeclaration of interestSubmission declaration and verificationUse of inclusive language

AUTHORSHIP ........................................................................... 11Authors contributionsChanges to authorshipCopyright

SUBMISSION OF THE ARTICLE/ MANUSCRIPT .... 12Online submission platformDuble-blind reviewUse of Word processing software

Cover letterTitle pageAbstractArticle structureAcknowledgementsReferencesFunding sourcesAbbreviationsUnitsFootnotesArtworkVideo dataSupplementary materialResearch data

AFTER ACCEPTANCE ...................................................... 20Proofs

OPEN ACCESS ....................................................................... 20Author rightsResponsible sharing

Brazilian Journal ofA n e s t h e s i o l o g y

BJAN ■ The official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA)

■ No charges to authors

■ Open Access

■ Launched in 1951, when it “has made a favourable debut into the field of Medical journalism”. (Dittrick H. A New Journal is Born. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 1951;5:30)

■ Number 1 anesthesiology and pain Journal in Latin America

■ Indexed by SciELO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

Summary

http://www.evise.com/evise/jrnl/BJAN

Submit your article

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REPORTING GUIDELINES: TOOLS TO INCREASE THE COMPLETENESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF YOUR ANESTHESIOLOGY RESEARCH PAPER

writing manuscripts. Such guidelines are reminders of the minimal information required in a manuscript to ensure under-standing by the reader, replication by a researcher, use in clinical practice, and inclusion in a systematic review, guideline or other research study. Reporting guide-lines can be a checklist, flow diagram or structured text developed using expli- cit methodology1. They present a clear list of reporting items that must appear in the paper and ideally provide explanation about the rationale and importance of each item, examples of good reporting and details on how the list was developed.

The best-known reporting guidelines are:

■ Randomized trials: CONSORT 20102

■ Observational studies: STROBE3

■ Systematic reviews: PRISMA4

■ Study protocol: SPIRIT5 and PRISMA - P6

■ Diagnostic/prognostic studies: STARD7 and TRIPOD8

■ Case reports: CARE9

■ Clinical practice guidelines: AGREE10 and RIGHT11

■ Qualitative research: SRQR12 and COREQ13

■ Animal pre-clinical studies: ARRIVE14

■ Quality improvement studies: SQUIRE15

■ Economic evaluations: CHEERS16

Why should I use reporting guidelines?

Writing a paper is a product of a long and challenging research project, and should never be left as a secondary task. In fact, the research process is not finished until it is comprehensively and transparently docu-mented. Therefore, good reporting is not an optional extra, but an essential compo-nent of good research.

Vinícius Caldeira Quintão1,3, Patricia Logullo2, Michael Maia Schlüssel2, Shona Kirtley2, Gary Collins2, Maria José Carvalho Carmona1,4

1. Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Hospital das Clinicas

HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade

de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

2. UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medi-

cine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,

Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences

(NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

3. Editorial board, Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

4. Editor-in-chief, Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology

In an effort to increase research repor- ting standards in the Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (BJAN), the Instructions to authors have been updated by adopting the reporting guidelines available on the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network platform <www.equator-network.org> and the mandatory use of these reporting guidelines will be effective from the next issue onwards.

The EQUATOR Network is an interna-tional initiative that seeks to improve the reliability and value of published health research literature by promoting transpar-ent and accurate reporting and wider use of robust reporting guidelines. The network comprises researchers, medical journal editors, methodologists, and information specialists, reporting guidelines devel-opers, statisticians and many other col- laborators. The EQUATOR Network web- site is hosted by the University of Oxford and currently includes more than 400 reporting guidelines and extensions.

What are reporting guidelines?

Reporting guidelines are simple and struc-tured tools for researchers to use while

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For several activities, including clini-cal practice, there are guidelines to help professionals to complete their tasks. Using reporting guidelines in the writing process ensures that descriptions of research objec-tives, methodology and results are more complete and so it is widely encouraged that authors use reporting guidelines when writing up their medical and biomedical research studies for publication.

A paper with the methodology and results documented carefully and com- prehensively is extremely important for editors, peer reviewers and readers. Not only is it recommended that journals take further actions regarding imple-mentation of reporting guidelines, but evidence also shows that, for example, published clinical trial reports written up by following such guidelines are more completely reported17.

Is there any evidence for the use of reporting guidelines?

In 2015, a retrospective analysis of 11 top ranked anesthesiology journals, which eva- luated 319 articles describing the results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showed that the median adherence to all CONSORT items was 60% (range 22.9 to 89%). Regar- ding primary and secondary outcomes, only 72.1% of analyzed papers were clear-ly defined18. Evidence also shows positive effect of PRISMA endorsement on syste- matic reviews and meta-analysis papers. A study comparing 27 items in the PRISMA checklist before and after journal endorse-ment in 63 and 80 papers respectively showed a significantly statistical difference for completeness, with a standardized mean difference of 0.53 (0.02 to 1.03)19.

However, a systematic review of 124 reviews evaluating adherence to the main reporting guidelines found that 87.9% of the studies reported suboptimal adher-

ence. Most of the included reviews assessed adherence to CONSORT (81 reviews), PRIS-MA (19 reviews) and STROBE (16 reviews) with inadequate adherence (i.e., reviews concluding improvements in reporting needed) observed in 88%, 84% and 88%, respectively20. It was shown that adherence to reporting guidelines was associated with better study designs such as quality of randomization process, allocation conceal-ment, and adequate study powering. The authors concluded “endorsement of reporting guidelines by journals is import-ant and recommended”20.

Along with the main reporting guide-lines, there are a number of extensions to account for the description of specific vari-ations of study designs, research planning aspects or parts of the research methods. For instance, the CONSORT statement has 24 extensions including one for abstracts: CONSORT-A21. A recent study analyzed 622 abstracts of seven anesthesia journals and showed a per-article median of 41% of CONSORT-A checklist adherence22.

Why is BJAN adopting reporting guidelines?

Using reporting guidelines should not be perceived as a barrier to submission. Rather, authors should use the reporting guidelines as a guide during the manu-script writing process and not as an after-thought. The Brazilian Journal of Anes-thesiology believes that by requesting adherence to reporting guidelines, editors, peer reviewers, and readers will benefit from well-written, accurate, complete and structured manuscripts. The use of report-ing guidelines will aid editors in effective-ly judging the methodological robustness of a study, consequently facilitating the process of acceptance or rejection of an arti-cle. Peer reviewers will be able to review the article more efficiently and easily, checking the appropriateness of the methods and

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accuracy of the findings. Finally, readers will be empowered to critically assess the validity of the study findings provided in order to either use it during clinical prac-tice or replicate it in future studies.

Many journals and organizations have already endorsed the main reporting guidelines and the EQUATOR Network platform. These include the Council of Science Editors and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) along with 23 publishers, including the Brazilian Health Ministry and the Sao Paulo Medical Asso-ciation, who all endorse and refer to EQUA-TOR and encourage the use of the provid-ed resources23.

The Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology will provide reporting guidelines checklists and links within the online Instructions to Authors. Authors are also encouraged to consult the checklists in the EQUATOR Network website, where they have access to resources (e.g. online courses and the EQUATOR wizard) that help with identify-ing the correct reporting guideline and rele-vant extensions to aid the writing of their manuscript. Also, the EQUATOR network, in collaboration with the PAHO (Pan American Health Organization), provides resources in Portuguese at their platform <www.equa-tor-network.org/library/resources-in-portu-guese-recursos-em-portugues>.

It is expected that papers submitted and published in BJAN will present increased completeness and transparency, and it is desired that all researchers, especially from Brazilian anesthesiology, embrace this commitment to aim for higher quality and rigor in scholarly communication in the anesthesiology field.

REFERENCES

1. The EQUATOR network. What is a reporting guideline? http://www.equator-network.org/about-us/what-is-a-reporting-guideline/. Accessed April 26th, 2019.

2. Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, et al.

CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guide-

lines for reporting parallel group randomized

trials. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(11):726-732.

3. Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The

Strengthening the Reporting of Observa-

tional Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)

statement: guidelines for reporting

observational studies. Ann Intern Med.

2007;147(8):573-577.

4. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred

reporting items for systematic reviews and

meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement.

PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097.

5. Chan AW, Tetzlaff JM, Altman DG, et al. SPIR-

IT 2013 statement: defining standard proto-

col items for clinical trials. Ann Intern Med.

2013;158(3):200-207.

6. Shamseer L, Moher D, Clarke M, et al.

Preferred reporting items for systematic

review and meta-analysis protocols (PRIS-

MA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation.

BMJ. 2015;350:g7647.

7. Bossuyt PM, Reitsma JB, Bruns DE, et al.

STARD 2015: an updated list of essential

items for reporting diagnostic accuracy

studies. BMJ. 2015;351:h5527.

8. Collins GS, Reitsma JB, Altman DG, et al.

Transparent Reporting of a multivariable

prediction model for Individual Prognosis or

Diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement.

Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(1):55-63.

9. Gagnier JJ, Kienle G, Altman DG, et al. The

CARE guidelines: consensus-based clinical

case reporting guideline development. BMJ

Case Rep. 2013;2013.

10. Brouwers MC, Kerkvliet K, Spithoff K, et al.

The AGREE Reporting Checklist: a tool to

improve reporting of clinical practice guide-

lines. BMJ. 2016;352:i1152.

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11. Chen Y, Yang K, Marušic A, et al. A Reporting Tool for Practice Guidelines in Health Care: The RIGHT Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(2):128-132.

12. O’Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, et al. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245-1251.

13. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349-357.

14. Kilkenny C, Browne WJ, Cuthill IC, et al. Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research. PLoS Biol. 2010;8(6):e1000412.

15. Ogrinc G, Davies L, Goodman D, et al. SQUIRE 2.0-Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence-Revised Publica-tion Guidelines from a Detailed Consensus Process. J Am Coll Surg. 2016;222(3):317-323.

16. Husereau D, Drummond M, Petrou S, et al. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement. BMJ. 2013;346:f1049.

17. Hopewell S, Dutton S, Yu LM, et al. The qual-ity of reports of randomised trials in 2000 and 2006: comparative study of articles indexed in PubMed. BMJ. 2010;340:c723.

18. Münter NH, Stevanovic A, Rossaint R, et al.

CONSORT item adherence in top ranked

anaesthesiology journals in 2011: a retro-

spective analysis. Eur J Anaesthesiol.

2015;32(2):117-125.

19. Stevens A, Shamseer L, Weinstein E, et al.

Relation of completeness of reporting of

health research to journals’ endorsement

of reporting guidelines: systematic review.

BMJ. 2014;348:g3804.

20. Jin Y, Sanger N, Shams I, et al. Does the

medical literature remain inadequately

described despite having reporting guide-

lines for 21 years? - A systematic review of

reviews: an update. J Multidiscip Healthc.

2018;11:495-510.

21. Hopewell S, Clarke M, Moher D, et al.

CONSORT for reporting randomised trials

in journal and conference abstracts. Lancet.

2008;371(9609):281-283.

22. Janackovic K, Puljak L. Reporting quality of

randomized controlled trial abstracts in the

seven highest-ranking anesthesiology jour-

nals. Trials. 2018;19(1):591.

23. EQUATOR. Organisations supporting

EQUATOR. http://www.equator-network.

org/about-us/organisations-supporting-

equator/. Accessed May 20th, 2019.

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INTRODUCTION

The Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiolo-gy/ Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia (BJAN) is the official journal of the Brazil-ian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA), which supports the journal completely – the cost of publishing is on behalf of the Society, with no charges to authors.

The BJAN publishes original work in all areas of anesthesia, surgical critical care, perioperative medicine and pain medicine, including basic, translational and clinical research, as well as education and techno-logical innovation. In addition, the Journal publishes pictorial and systematic reviews, relevant case reports, clinical images, clini- cal reports, editorials and letters to the editor. Special articles such as guidelines and historical manuscripts are published upon invitation only, and authors should seek subject approval by the Editorial Office before submission.

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should read the present Instructions to authors carefully and adhere to them. Manus- cripts must be submitted electronically via the Journal’s online submission system <http://www.evise.com/evise/jrnl/BJAN> and receipt will be acknowledged by e-mail. Problems with submissions should be reported to the Editorial Office. Decisions on

submissions are final and will take place in approximately eight to 12 weeks.

The BJAN accepts only original arti-cles that are not under consideration by any other journal and that have not been published before, except as academic theses or abstracts presented at confer-ence or meetings. A cloud-based intuitive platform is used to compare submitted manuscripts to previous publications, and submissions must not contain any instanc-es of plagiarism. Authors must obtain and send the Editorial Office all required permissions for any overlapping material and properly identify them in the manu-script to avoid plagiarism.

All articles submitted for publication are assessed by two or more members of the Editorial Board or external peer review-ers, assigned at the discretion of the Editor-in-chief or the Associate editors.

All editorial communications should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief.

E-mail: editor.bjan@sbahq.org

Types of article

Articles must follow the specifications presented below regarding the maximum number of words in the manuscript and abstract, references, tables, and figures, as well as the format of the abstract.

INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS: WHAT TO KNOW BEFORE SUBMITTING AN ARTICLE

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■ Clinical research: primary clinical, obser- vational or experimental research infor- mation. Each kind of study will contain different elements. Authors can include supplementary material for exclusive online publication, and such material should be part of the submission letter. A copy or link of the ethical approval of the study, as well as its registry, must be submitted along with the manuscript. For a list of registry platforms for clini- cal trials, assess: <http://apps.who.int/ trialsearch/>. Brazilian researchers are advised to register at ReBEC: . Keep rea- ding for additional details regarding ethical requirements for publishing.

■ Narrative review: as a rule, narrative re-views are written by invitation from the Editor-in-chief. If you were not invited, before submitting a review you should contact the Editor-in-chief, who will evaluate the appropriateness of the pro-posal to the Journal, avoiding publishing duplications. Systematic review, as well as scoping review, rapid review, state of art review and overview of reviews can be considered for publication.

■ Systematic reviews: authors should register the review protocol in PROS-PERO (International Prospective Reg-ister of Systematic Reviews). Also, au-thors must state the review protocol in the Methods section and indicate where it can be accessed. Summarize sections by pulling together the impli-cations of main findings, avoiding just the repetition of the results of previous-ly published studies, searching for an expanded evidence-based conclusion. Incorporating the results of a new study with previous relevant studies in a me-ta-analysis is encouraged.

■ Case reports: BJAN only accepts for publication clinical information or case reports that describe innovations, nov-elties or new clinical approaches for already established clinical problems. They must contain impactful informa-tion, other than just the introduction of techniques, methods or medical devices. A copy of the Institutional Re-search Board approval must be sub-mitted along with case reports. If any kind of patient image is used, it must

Type of manuscript Words References Tables or figures Abstract

Clinical research 3,000 30 6Structured up to 250 words

Systematic review 4,000 60 6Structured up to 250 words

Pictorial review 3,000 30 12Unstructured up to 250 words

Narrative review 4,000 100 4Unstructured up to 250 words

Case reports 1,500 5 2Unstructured up to 100 words

Letter to the Editor 1,000 5 1 No

Clinical images 200 3 3 No

Editorials 2,000 20 2 No

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be unidentified and anonymized and a specific signed authorization for pub-lication should be obtained from the patient, legal guardians or family and submitted along with the report.

■ Letter to the editor: Letters to the editor should include constructive, obje-ctive and educational comments on already published BJAN papers or be “freestanding”. Reporting research findings or cases reports as letters to the editor is not advised. “Freestand-ing” letters to the editor may discuss matters of interest to readers without linkage to papers already published in BJAN. Letters will be published at the sole discretion of the Editor-in-chief.

Language

English is the official language of BJAN, which receives submissions in English and Portuguese. After acceptance, arti-cles will be published both in English and Portuguese.

Submission checklist

You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Please check the relevant section in the Instructions to Authors document for more details.

Ensure that the following items are pres-ent at submission:

■ Cover letter;

■ Title page;

■ Designation of the corresponding au-thor with contact details: e-mail ad-dress; Full postal address; ORCID iD;

■ All authors must have an e-mail, ORCID and their Elsevier profile updated with this information. Learn more about OR-CID above in this document;

■ Copy or link for the Institutional Re-search Board approval of the submis-sion, if applicable

■ The link for the study registry, if appli-cable;

■ Upload of all specific files for the study design: abstract including keywords; manuscript including references; all figures (including relevant captions); all tables (including titles, description, footnotes) – ensure all figure and ta-ble citations in the text match the files provided –; supplemental files (where applicable);

■ Manuscript has been “spell checked” and “grammar checked”;

■ All references mentioned in the Reference List are cited in the text, and vice versa;

■ Completed reporting guideline checklist;

■ Link for the data repository, if applicable;

■ Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Internet);

■ Relevant declarations of interest have been made.

BEFORE YOU BEGIN

Ethics in publishing

Please see our information pages on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication.

■ Studies in animals: All animal exper-iments should comply with the AR-RIVE guidelines <http://www.equator- network.org/reporting-guidelines/ improving-bioscience-research-re-porting-the-arrive-guidelines-for-re-porting-animal-research/> and should be carried out in accordance with local country regulation. It is fundamental to clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed.

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The sex of animals must be indicated, and when appropriate, the influence (or association) of sex on the results of the study. The article must provide the genotype, strain, source, and num-ber of backcrosses and age of ani- mals studied.

■ Studies in humans: If the article in-volves the use of human subjects, the author should ensure that the research described has been carried out in ac-cordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Decla-ration of Helsinki) <https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of- helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical -research-involving-human-subjects/> for experiments involving humans. Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. Privacy rights must al-ways be observed.

The manuscript should be in line with the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scho- larly Work in Medical Journals <http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf> and aim for the inclusion of representative human populations (sex, age and ethnicity) as per those recommendations. The terms sex and gender should be used correctly. It is recommendable to use the words “male” and “female” (and other sexes/genders as appropriate) when speaking about a patient’s sex. The numbers and percen- tages of both male, female and other sexes/genders must be reported in the text and/or tables. The manuscript must contain data on the age (mean with range), height (m), weight (kg), sex, criteria for selection, health conditions, among others that are signifi-cant to study results. It is better to present more complex information in a table to facilitate the understanding of the data.

■ Informed consent and patient details: Studies on patients or volunteers re-quire Institutional Ethical Committee or Internal Review Board (IRB) ap-proval and informed consent, which should be documented in the paper. Appropriate consents, permissions and releases must be obtained when an au-thor wishes to include case details, oth-er personal information or images of patients or any other individuals.

■ If any kind of patient image is used, it must be deidentificated and ano-nymized, and a specific signed au-thorization for publication should be obtained from the patient, legal guard-ians or family and submitted along with the manuscript or case report. Unless you have written permission from the patient or patient’s relatives (when ap-plicable), personal details of any patient included in any part of the article and in any supplementary materials (includ-ing all illustrations and videos) must be removed before submission.

■ The author must retain written con-sents before submitting the article, but copies should not be provided to the journal. If specifically requested by the journal in exceptional circumstances (for example, if a legal issue arises), the author must provide copies of the con-sents or evidence that such consents have been obtained.

Reporting guidelines

BJAN mandates the use of an appropriate reporting guideline when writing any health research manuscript. Guidance on each type of study can be found on the EQUATOR (Enhancing the Quality and Transparency Of health Research) Network website <http://www.equator-network.org/> or below in the section “What reporting guideline to use”.

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Authors must submit completed check-lists for the relevant reporting guidelines (and flow diagram if applicable) that they followed along with the manuscript, indi-cating the manuscript page on which each checklist item is found. Editable checklists for reporting guidelines can be found on the EQUATOR Network website, which also gives general information on how to choose the correct reporting guideline and why the guidelines are important. Using a checklist helps to ensure that the reporting guideline was used correctly.

Your article should report at least the content addressed by each item of the identified checklist or state that the item was not considered in the study and, if rele-vant, the reason why not (for example, if you did not use blinding, your article should explain it). Meeting these basic reporting requirements will greatly improve the value of your manuscript, may facilitate/enhance the peer review process, and may enhance its chances for eventual publication.

Checklists are not simply an administra-tive hurdle. We ask you to complete a check-list because this helps you to notice if you have not included all the important informa-tion in your article, and because it helps our editors and reviewers to complete the same check. If the checklist indicates an item that you have not addressed in your manuscript, please either explain in the manuscript text why this information is not relevant to your study or add the relevant information.

What reporting guideline to use

If you are reporting research on an inter-vention, treatment, exposure, or protective factor on human subjects:

■ Use the CARE guideline for reporting one case study or a series of case studies

■ Use the CONSORT guideline or one of its extensions:

■ If you selected your participants be-fore they received the intervention/exposure/etc. under study, AND

■ You controlled which intervention/exposure/etc. they each received, AND

■ You used a random allocation meth-od to decide which intervention/ex-posure/etc. they each received.

i.e.: a randomized controlled trial.

■ Use the STROBE guideline or one of its extensions:

■ If you selected your participants af-ter they received the intervention/exposure/etc. under study, OR

■ You selected your participants before they received the intervention/expo-sure/etc. under study AND you did not control which intervention/exposure/etc. they received (they decided/their doctor decided/life just happened).

i.e.: an observational study.

■ Use the TREND guideline:

■ If you selected your participants be-fore they received the intervention/exposure/etc. under study, AND

■ If CARE, CONSORT, and STROBE are not applicable to your research AND

■ you used a non-random way to de-cide which intervention/exposure/etc. your participants received, such as which hospital they went to or what their clinical symptoms were.

i.e.: a non-randomized trial.

■ If you are reporting a protocol.

■ Use the SPIRIT guideline for the pro-tocol of a clinical trial.

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■ Use the PRISMA-P guideline for the protocol of a systematic review.

■ If you are reporting a literature review:

■ Use the ENTREQ guideline for a re-view of studies that use descriptive data, such as unstructured inter-views (qualitative data).

■ Use the MOOSE guideline for a re-view of observational studies.

■ Use the PRISMA guideline for any other kind of systematic review or meta-analysis.

■ If you are reporting on animal research:

■ Use the ARRIVE guideline for re-search on animals in a lab.

■ Use the REFLECT guideline for re-search on livestock.

■ If you are reporting descriptive data (either alone or alongside quantita-tive data):

■ Use the COREQ guideline for re-porting unstructured interviews and focus groups.

■ Use the CARE guideline for report-ing one case study or a series of case studies.

■ Use the SRQR guideline for any oth-er descriptive data (qualitative re-search).

■ If you are reporting research into diagnosis:

■ Use the STARD guideline if you com-pared the accuracy of a diagnostic test with an established reference standard test.

■ Use the REMARK guideline if you evaluated the prognostic value of a biomarker.

■ Use the TRIPOD guideline if you developed, validated, or updated a

prognostic or diagnostic prediction modelling tool.

■ If you are reporting research on an in-tervention or treatment on human subjects:

■ Use the TIDIER guideline to fully de-scribe your intervention.

■ Use the CHEERS guideline for an eco-nomic evaluation of the interventions.

Declaration of interest

All authors must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropria- tely influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include em- ployment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. If there are no conflicts of in- terest, then please state: “Conflicts of inte- rest: none”. More information: <https://www.elsevier.com/__data/promis_misc/asjsur_coi.pdf>.

Submission declaration and verification

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously, except in the form of an abstract, as part of a published lecture or academic thesis, or as an electronic preprint.

It also means that the manuscript is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out.

If accepted, it must not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English, Portuguese or in any other language, including electronically without the writ-ten consent of the copyright-holder. To veri-fy originality, your article may be checked by the originality detection service Ithenti-cate: <http://www.ithenticate.com/>.

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See “Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication”: <https://www.elsevier.com/editors/perk/multiple-duplicate-concurrent- publication-simultaneous-submission>.

Preprint

At the discretion of the Editorial board, preprints can be shared any time and will not count as prior publication.

Use of inclusive language

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportu-nities. Authors should make no assump-tions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader. The text should present noth-ing that might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of race, sex, culture or any other characteristic, and should use inclusive language through-out. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, for instance by using “he or she”, “his/her” instead of “he” or “his”, and by making use of job titles that are free of stereotyping (e.g. “chairperson” instead of “chairman” and “flight attendant” instead of “stewardess”).

AUTHORSHIP

BJAN adopts ICMJE criteria for authorship: <http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html>.

Each author is required to declare his or her individual contribution to the article. All authors must have materially participated in the research and/or article preparation, so roles for all authors should be described. The statement that all au- thors have approved the final article should be true and included in the disclo-sure statement.

Authors contributions

All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the following:

1. The conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data;

2. Drafting the article or revising it critical-ly for important intellectual content;

3. Final approval of the version to be submitted.

Indicate all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author’s name and in front of the appropri-ate address. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the coun-try name and the e-mail address of each author. If an author has moved since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the time, a “Present address” (or “Permanent address”) may be indicat-ed as a footnote to that author’s name. The address at which the author actual-ly did the work must be retained, as the main affiliation address. Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes. Author affiliations should be presented in increasing hierarchical order (e.g. Discipli-na de Anestesiologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Univer-sidade de São Paulo) and should be writ-ten as established in its own language (e.g. Université Paris-Sorbonne; Harvard Univer-sity, Universidade de São Paulo).

The ORCID (Open Researcher and Con- tributor ID) must be inserted in all authors’ profiles during the submission process. If any authors do not have an ORCID, they can be registered at <https://orcid.org/register>. Please note that articles with missing ORCID’S will NOT be published.

Changes to authorship

Authors are expected to consider the list and order of authors carefully before

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submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list at the time of the origi-nal submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor-in-chief. To request such a change, the Editor-in-chief must receive the following from the corre-sponding author:

1. The reason for the change in the author list and

2. Written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.

Only in exceptional circumstances the Editor-in-chief will consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor-in-chief considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor-in-chief will result in a corrigendum.

Copyright

Along with the submission process, authors will be asked to complete the Jour-nal Publishing Agreement <https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/copyright>. This document includes any tables, illus-trations or other material submitted for publication as part of the manuscript, in all forms and media (whether now known or later developed) throughout the world, in all languages, for the full term of copyright, effective when the Article is accepted for publication. An e-mail will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the submitted manuscript with a ‘Jour-nal Publishing Agreement” form or a link to the online version of this agreement.

SUBMISSION OF THE ARTICLE/ MANUSCRIPT

Online submission plataform

Our online submission system guides you stepwise through the process of entering your article details and uploading your files. The system converts your article files into a single PDF file used in the peer review process. Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. All correspondence, including notification of the editor’s decision and requests for revision, is sent by e-mail.

Submit your article: <http://www.evise.com/evise/jrnl/BJAN>.

Double-blind review

BJAN operates a double-blind review pro- cess, so remove all data that can identify you or your institution from the text. Reviewers will not know who is responsible for the work when they are reviewing, and the authors will not know who has reviewed their manus- cript in any stage of the publication process as well. Thus, the manuscript should not include any identifying information, such as the authors’ names or affiliations.

All peer reviewers will be initially assessed by the Editor-in-chief for suitabil-ity for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor-in-chief is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles and his or her decision is final.

Use of Word processing software

It is important that the manuscript file be saved in the native format of the Word pro- cessor used. The text should be in single- column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most format-ting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article.

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In particular, do not use the Word processor’s options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each indi-vidual table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns.

The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to conventional manus- cripts (see also the Guide to Publishing with Elsevier: <https://www.elsevier.com/authors/ journal-authors/submit-your-paper>. Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required if you embed your figures in the text.

To avoid unnecessary errors, you are strongly advised to use the “spell-check” and “grammar-check” functions of your Word processor.

If English is not your native language and the Editor-in-chief asks you to revise orthography of your text, please submit your article for grammar correction of a qualified company, such as American Jour-nal Experts (AJE), Enago and Proof-Read-ing-Service (PRS), before acceptance for publication. You can also do that before submitting your text for the first time if it makes you feel more comfortable, even if English is your native language.

The editor may require a linguistic revi-sion of the articles submitted in Portu-guese or adapted to Brazilian Portuguese (e.g. Keimelion, Atha Editorial, GN1).

Cover letter

An accompanying succinct cover letter should be submitted for every manus- cript, focusing on the novelty and value of the author’s work, the relation to the scope of BJAN, and stating why the editor should consider the article for publication.

The cover letter will not be part of the final published manuscript.

Title page

The title page should include:

■ The actual title and the running title: the title must be concise and infor- mative. Titles are often used in informa-tion-retrieval systems. Avoid abbrevia-tions and formulae if you can. Write the title in the simplest way possible, think-ing, “how would I search for this sub-ject in a database or on the internet?”. Do not forget to add the study design in the title, for instance: “randomized clinical trial”, “case report”, “prospective cohort study”, “systematic review”, “nar-rative review”, among others. Suggest a running or short title, which can be used at the discretion of the Editorial Board.

■ Authorship: must contain details of author’s contributions. Describe names and affiliations of all authors, including the ORCID and e-mail. Clearly indicate given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that the spelings for all names are accurate. Please, do not abbreviate authors’ names. Present authors’ affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done). See above more details about authorship and copyright.

■ Corresponding author: clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing, publication and post-publication. This responsibility in-cludes answering any future queries re-garding the study or the report. Ensure that the e-mail address is given and that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.

Abstract

An abstract, with the headings back-ground, methods, results and conclusion, should provide the context for the research

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and state its purpose, basic procedures (selection of study subjects or laboratory animals, observational and analytical me- thods), main findings (giving specific effect sizes and their statistical significance, if possible), and main conclusions. It should emphasize new and important aspects of the study or observations. Immediate-ly after the abstract, provide a maximum of six keywords in alphabetical order and separated by commas, to represent the content of the article. A specific repor- ting guideline for abstracts is available at EQUATOR Network. The descriptors or keywords should be based on the Health Science Descriptors (Descritores em Ciên-cias da Saúde, DECS), which are available at <http://www.decs.bvs.br> or on the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): <www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html>.

Article structure

Manuscripts should be subdivided into clearly defined and unnumbered sections. Each subsection must have a brief hea- ding. Each heading should appear on its own separate line.

Introduction

Provide adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results. Specify the hypothesis which justifies the study. State the objectives of the trial.

Material and methods

Provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already pu- blished in detail elsewhere should be indi-cated by a reference citation. However, the authors should describe the methods concisely, assuming that the reader might not have access to the original proto-col publication, especially if it is not open access. All modifications from the study protocol should be described.

Results

Results should be clear, concise and contextualized. Avoid the repetition of data in the text and in the tables or figures.

Discussion

In this subsection, explore the significance of the results of the study, do not repeat them. Confront your data with previous findings, avoiding extensive citations and discussion of already published literature. Discuss the limitations of the study and critically justi-fy them. Emphasize the importance of the study for the current state of art as well as the future perspectives related to the study.

Conclusions

The main conclusions of the study should be presented in a short Conclusions section.

Acknowledgements

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article, before the references. List those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assis-tance or proofreading the article, etc.).

References

All references must be presented accor- ding to the Vancouver Style, as you can see below, or by accessing the website of the In- ternational Committee of Medical Journal Editors, available at <http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/manuscript- preparation/preparing-for-submission.html#g>. Only the references used in the text, numbered in Arabic numerals and in the order in which they were quoted, should be indicated.

Citation in text

Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the

15

abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list but may be mentioned in the text.

If these references are included in the reference list, they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either “Unpublished results” or “Personal communication”.

Citation of a reference as “in press” implies that the item has been accepted for publication.

Reference links

Increased discoverability of research and high-quality peer review are ensured by online links to the sources cited. In order to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such as Scopus, Cross-Ref and PubMed, please ensure that the data provided in the references are correct.

Note that incorrect surnames, journal/book titles, publication year and pagina-tion may prevent link creation. When copy-ing references, please be careful as they may already contain errors. Use of the DOI is encouraged and can be adopted to cite and link to electronic articles when an arti-cle is in press and full citation details are not yet known, but the article is available online.

A DOI is guaranteed never to change, so you can use it as a permanent link to any electronic article.

An example of a citation using DOI for an article not yet in an issue is:

VanDecar J.C., Russo R.M., James D.E., et al (2003). Aseismic continuation of the Les- ser Antilles slab beneath northeastern Vene-zuela. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884.

Please note the format of such citations should be in the same style as all other references in the paper.

Web references

The full URL should be given with the date of when the reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication etc.), should also be presented.

Data references

BJAN encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by making mention of them in your text and including a data reference in your Refer-ence List, which should include the follow-ing elements:

■ Author name(s);

■ Dataset title;

■ Data repository;

■ Version (where available);

■ Year;

■ Global persistent identifier;

■ Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. This identifier will not appear in your published article.

References in a special issue

Please ensure that the words ‘this issue’ are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Reference style

Text: Indicate references by superscript num- bers in the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.

List: Number the references in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.

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Examples:

Reference to a journal publication:

Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. J Sci Commun. 2010;163:51–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Sc.2010.00372.

Reference to a journal publication with an article number:

Van der Geer J, Hanraads JAJ, Lupton RA. The art of writing a scientific article. Heli-yon. 2018;19:e00205. https://doi.org/j.heliy-on.2018.e00205.

Reference to a book:

Strunk Jr W, White EB. The elements of style. 4th ed. New York: Longman; 2000.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

Mettam GR, Adams LB. How to prepare an electronic version of your article. In: Jones BS, Smith RZ, editors. Introduction to the electronic age. New York: E-Publishing Inc; 2009, p. 281–304.

Reference to a website:

Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK, https://www.cancerree archuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cances tatsreport [accessed 13 March 2003].

Reference to a dataset:

[dataset] 6. Oguro M, Imahiro S, Saito S, et al. Mortality data for Japanese oak wilt disease and surrounding forest composi-tions, Mendeley Data, v1; 2015. https://doi.org/10.17632/xwj98nb39r.1.

Note: use shortened form for last page number. e.g., 51–9, and for more than 6 authors, the first 3 should be listed followed by “et al.”.

Journal abbreviations source

Journal names should be abbreviated accor- ding to the List of Title Word Abbreviations:

<https://www.elsevier.com/__data/promis_misc/BMCL_Abbreviations.pdf>

Funding sources

You are requested to identify who provid-ed financial support and briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s). If the funding source(s) had no such involvement, then it should be stated as well.

List funding sources in a standard format to facilitate compliance to funder’s requirements.

For instance: This work was supported by the CNPq [grant number xxxx] and FAPESP [grant number xxxx].

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other resources available to a university, college, or other research institution, submit the name of the insti-tute or organization that provided the funding. If no funding has been provid-ed for the research, please include the following sentence: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Abbreviations

Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in the first presentation in the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoid-able in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.

Units

Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions. Use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI.

Footnotes

Footnotes should be used sparingly. Use of references is preferable.

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ArtworkImage manipulation

In the process of acceptance, the authors sometimes need to manipulate images for clarity, although editing for purposes of deception or fraud will be seen as scien-tific ethical abuse and will be dealt with accordingly.

For graphical images, BJAN applies the following policy: no specific feature within an image may be enhanced, obscured, moved, removed, or introduced. Adjustments of brightness, contrast, or color balance are acceptable if and as long as they do not obscure or eliminate any information pres-ent in the original. Nonlinear adjustments (e.g. changes to gamma settings) must be disclosed in the figure legend.

Before submitting any kind of imag-es or graphics, be sure that the resolution of the material is proper for printing and publishing (300 dpi). You can confirm this data in the image details. If your image is less than 300 dpi, it will not be printed prop-erly and will not be accepted. If it is 300 dpi or more you can submit it promptly.

Electronic artwork

■ Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing in your original artwork;

■ Preferred fonts are Arial (or Helvetica), Times New Roman (or Times), Symbol, and Courier;

■ Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text;

■ Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files;

■ Indicate, per figure, if it is a single, 1.5 or 2-column fitting image;

■ For Word submissions only, you may still provide figures and their captions, and tables within a single file at the re-vision stage;

■ Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be provided in separate source files;

■ A detailed guide on electronic art-work is available: <https://www.elsevier. com/authors/author-schemas/artwork- and-media-instructions>.

■ Formats: Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalized, please ‘save as’ or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/half-tone combinations given below):

■ EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as ‘graphics’;

■ TIFF (or JPG): Color or grayscale photo-graphs. For halftones, always use a min-imum of 300 dpi;

■ TIFF (or JPG): Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi;

■ TIFF (or JPG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.

■ Do not:

■ Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;

■ Supply files that are too low in res-olution;

■ Submit graphics that are dispropor-tionately large for the content.

Color artwork

Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Office files and with the correct resolution. If, with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures then the journal will ensure, at no addition-al charge, that these figures will appear in color online only (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites). The illustrations in color online will be reproduced black & white only in the

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printed version. The authors should assure the resolution of both colored and black & white illustrations before publication.

Illustration services

Elsevier’s WebShop offers Illustration Servi- ces to authors preparing to submit a manu-script and concerned about the quality of the images accompanying their article. It can produce scientific, technical and medi-cal-style images, as well as a full range of charts, tables and graphs. It can also improve your images to a professional standard.

Figure captions

Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to figures. A caption should comprise a brief title – not on the figure itself – and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a mini-mum, but explain all symbols and abbre-viations used.

Tables

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate pages at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please avoid using vertical rules.

Video data

Video material and animation sequences are accepted to support and enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article.

This can be done in the same way as a figure or table, by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. All submit-ted files should be properly labelled so that they directly relate to the video file’s content.

In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the files in one of our recommend-ed file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150 MB. Video and animation files supplied will be published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect.

Please supply stills with your files. You can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data.

Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the printed version of the journal, please provide text for both the elec-tronic and the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this content.

Supplementary material

Supplementary material can support and enhance your scientific research. Supple-mentary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applica-tions, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Please note that such items are published online exactly as they are submitted; there is no typeset-ting involved (supplementary data supplied as an Excel file or as a PowerPoint slide will appear as such online). Please submit the material with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. If you wish to make any changes to supple-mentary data during any stage of the process, then please make sure to provide an updated file, and do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please also make sure to switch off the “Track Changes”

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option in any Microsoft Office file, as these will appear in the published supplemen-tary file. See below for more details about research data repository.

Research data

BJAN encourages you to share data that supports your research publication in an appropriate data repository and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles.

If you are sharing data, you are encoura- ged to cite it in your manuscript and reference list. Please refer to the “References” section for more information about data citation.

Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that vali-date research findings. To facilitate reprodu- cibility and data reuse, this journal also en- courages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project.

For more information on deposit-ing, sharing and using research data and other relevant research materials, visit <https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/research-data>.

Data linking

If you have made your research data available in a data repository, you can link your article directly to the dataset. BJAN collaborates with a number of reposi-tories to link articles on ScienceDirect and others, providing readers access to underlying data that give them a better understanding of the research described.

There are different ways to link your datasets to your article. When available, you can directly link them by providing the rele-vant information in the submission system. For more instructions, visit: <https://www.elsevier.com/authors/author-resources/ research-data/data-base-linking>.

For supported data repositories, a repos-itory banner will automatically appear next to your published article on Science-Direct. In addition, you can link to relevant data or entities through identifiers with-in the text of your manuscript, using the following format: Database: xxxx (e.g., TAIR: AT1G01020; CCDC: 734053; PDB: 1XFN).

Data statement

To foster transparency, we encourage you to state the availability of your data in your submission. If your data is unavailable for access or unsuitable to post, this gives you the opportunity to indicate why. If you submit this form with your manuscript as a supplementary file, the statement will appear next to your published article on ScienceDirect.

AFTER ACCEPTANCE

Proofs

One set of page proofs will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author or a link will be provided in the e-mail so that authors can access the files themselves.

Please use this proof only for checking typesetting, editing, completeness and correctness of the text, tables and figures. Significant changes to the article as accep- ted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the editor.

We will do everything possible to get your article published quickly and accu-rately. It is important to ensure that all corrections are sent back to us in one communication. Please check carefully before replying, as inclusion of any subse-quent corrections cannot be guaranteed. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.

Track your submitted article:

<https://service.elsevier.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/12237/supporthub/publishing/>

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Track your accepted article:

<https: //authors.elsevier.com/tracking/landingpage/selection.do>

OPEN ACCESS

This journal is peer reviewed with subsidized open access, given the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA) pays for the publishing costs incurred by the journal. Authors do not have to pay for any Article Processing Charge or Open Access Publication Fee.

Permitted third party (re)use is defined by the following Creative Commons user licenses: Creative Commons Attribu-tion-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) is for non-commercial purposes, to

let others distribute and copy the article, and to include in collective work (such as an anthology), as long as they credit the author(s) and prove they do not alter or modify the article.

Author rights

As an author, you (or your employer or insti-tution) have certain rights to reuse your work. More information: <https://www. elsevier .com/__data/assets/pdf_f i le / 0007/55654/AuthorUserRights.pdf>

Responsible sharing

Find out how you can share your research article published in this journal: <https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/sharing>.

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Editorial BoardEditor-in-Chief – Maria José Carvalho Carmona – Facul-dade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilCo-editor – André Prato Schmidt – Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, BrazilAssociate EditorsAna Maria Menezes Caetano – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, PE, BrazilCláudia Marquez Simões – Hospital Sírio Libanês, SP, BrazilGabriel Magalhães Nunes Guimarães – Universidade de Brasília, DF, BrazilGuilherme Antonio Moreira de Barros – Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista, SP, BrazilLaís Helena Navarro e Lima – Queens University, Kinsgston, CanadáMarcello Fonseca Salgado-Filho – Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, BrazilRodrigo Leal Alves – Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, BrazilVinicius Caldeira Quintão – Hospital das Clínicas da Facul-dade de Medicina da USP, SP, BrazilEditorial CommitteeAdrian Gelb – University of California San Francisco, CA, USAAntônio Carlos Aguiar Brandão – Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí, Pouso Alegre, MG, BrazilAugusto Key Takaschima – Serviços Integrados de Anestesiologia, Florianópolis, SC, BrazilBernd W. Böttiger – University Hospital of Cologne, AlemanhaBobbie Jean Sweitzer – Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, USACarlos Galhardo Júnior - Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, MS/RJ, BrazilCarlos Manuel Correia Rodrigues de Almeida – Hospital CUF Viseu, PortugalCarolina Baeta Neves D. Ferreira – Hospital Moriah São Paulo, SP, BrazilCátia Sousa Govêia – Universidade de Brasília, DF, BrazilCélio Gomes de Amorim – Universidade Federal de Uber-lândia, MG, BrazilDavid Ferez - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, BrazilDeborah Culley – Universidade de Harvard, Boston, USADomingos Cicarelli - Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, SP, BrazilDurval Campos Kraychette - Universidade Federal da Bahia, BA, BrazilEmery Brown – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USAErick Freitas Curi – Hospital Santa Rita, Vitória, ES, BrazilFabiana A. Penachi Bosco Ferreira – Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, BrazilFederico Bilotta – Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, ItalyFernando Abelha – Hospital de São João, Porto, PortugalFlorentino F. Mendes - Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilGastão Duval Neto – Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, BrazilGiovanni Landoni – Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, ItalyGualter Lisboa Ramalho – Universidade Federal da Paraíba, PB, BrazilHazem Adel Ashmawi – Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilIsmar Lima Cavalcanti – Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu, RJ, BrazilJean Jacques Rouby – Pierreand Marie Curie University, Paris, FranceJean Louis Vincent – Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brus-sels, BelgiumJoão Batista Santos Garcia – Universidade Federal do Maranhão, MA, BrazilJoão Manoel da S ilva Júnior – Hospital do Servidor Públi-co, SP, BrazilJudymara Lauzi Gozzani - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, BrazilKurt Ruetzler – Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USALaszlo Vutskits – Geneva University Hospitals, Geneve, Switzerland

Leonardo Henrique Cunha Ferraro – Universidade Feder-al de São Paulo, SP, BrazilLiana Maria Torres de Araújo Azi – Universidade Federal da Bahia, BA, BrazilLigia Andrade da S. Telles Mathias - Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, SP, BrazilLuciana Paula Cadore Stefani – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, BrazilLuiz Antônio Diego – Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, BrazilLuis Vicente Garcia – Faculdade de Medicina da Universi-dade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BrazilLuiz Fernando dos Reis Falcão – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, BrazilLuiz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson – Hospital das Clínicas da Facul-dade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilMarcelo Gama de Abreu – University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, GermanyMarcelo Luis Abramides Torres – Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilMarcos Antônio Costa de Albuquerque – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, SE, BrazilMarcos Francisco Vidal Melo – Harvard University, Boston, USAMaria Ângela Tardelli - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, BrazilMário José da Conceição – Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau, SC, BrazilMatheus Fachini Vane – Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilMônica Maria Siaulys – Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana, São Paulo, SP, BrazilNádia Maria da Conceição Duarte – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, PE, BrazilNeuber Martins Fonseca – Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, BrazilNorma Sueli Pinheiro Módolo – Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista, SP, BrazilOscar César Pires – Universidade de Taubaté, SP, BrazilPaolo Pelosi – Universita Degli Studi Di Genova, Genove, ItalyPaulo do Nascimento Junior – Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista, SP, BrazilPedro Amorim – Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, PortugalPedro Paulo Tanaka – Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USARajinder K. Mirakhur – Royal Hospital, Belfast, United KingdomRicardo Antônio Guimarães Barbosa – Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, SP, BrazilRogean Rodrigues Nunes – Hospital São Lucas, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilRonald Miller – University of California, San Francisco, USASara Lúcia Ferreira Cavalcante – Hospital Geral do Inamps de Fortaleza, CE, BrazilVanessa Henriques Carvalho – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, BrazilWolnei Caumo – Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil

Previous Chief EditorsOscar Vasconcellos Ribeiro (1951 – 1957) Zairo Eira Garcia Vieira (1958 – 1964) Bento Mário Villamil Gonçalves (1965 – 1979) Masami Katayama (1980 – 1988) Antônio Leite Oliva Filho (1989 – 1994) Luiz Marciano Cangiani (1995 – 2003) Judymara Lauzi Gozzani (2004 – 2009) Mario José da Conceição (2010 – 2015) Maria Ângela Tardelli (2016 – 2018)

Editorial OfficeManaging Editor – Mel RibeiroCommunications and Marketing Coordinator – Felipe Eduardo Ramos BarbosaLibrarian – Teresa Maria da Silva Maia

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Contact us

editor.bjan@sbahq.org www.bjan-sba.org +55 21 979 770 024

Brazilian Journal ofA n e s t h e s i o l o g y

BJAN