Instructional Objective:1.Learn different types of reaction2.Learn about the organic compounds.3.Learn the different types of hydrocarbons.

Five Types of chemical reactions

• Synthesis reaction

• Decomposition reaction

• Single replacement (Single displacement)

• Double replacement (Double displacement)

• Combustion reaction

To visualize a synthesis reaction look at the following cartoon:

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In the cartoon, the skinny bird (reactant) and the worm (reactant) combine to make one product, a fat bird.

Synthesis reaction

• Also known as composition reaction • two or more elements or compounds may

combine to form a compound• Always going to be one product• Basic form: A  +  X  →    AX • EX. MgO(s)  +   H2O(l)  →    Mg(OH)2(s) • EX. 2P(s)  +  3Cl2(g)  →    2PCl3(g)

To visualize a decomposition reaction look at the following cartoon:

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In this cartoon the egg (the reactant), which contained the turtle at one time, now has opened and the turtle (product) and egg shell (product) are now two separate substances.

Decomposition reaction

• A single compound breaks down into simpler compounds.

• Always going to be one reactant.• Basic form: AX  →   A  +  X • EX. 2H2O(l)  →    2H2(g)  +  O2(g) • EX. 2NaCl(l)  →    2Na(s)  +  Cl2(g)

Notice, the guy in the orange shirt steals the date of the other guy. So, a part of one of the reactants trades places

and is in a different place among the products.

Single replacement

• a more active element takes the place of another element in a compound and sets the less active one free

• Always going to an element and a compound.• Basic form: A  +  BX  →    AX  +  B•  EX. Fe(s)  +  CuSO4(aq)  →    FeSO4(aq)  +  Cu(s) (Metal replace the

metal)

•  AX  +  Y  →    AY + X • EX. Cl2(g)  +  2NaBr(aq)  →    2NaCl(aq)  +  Br2(l) (nonmetal replaces the

nonmetal only)

To visualize a double replacement reaction look at the following cartoon:

Double replacement reaction

• occurrs between ions in aqueous solution .• occurrs between two compounds.• Always produce a precipitate (solid) ,a gas orwater *Basic form: AX  +  BY  →    AY  +  BX EX. NaCl (aq)  +  AgNO3(aq)  →   NaNO3(aq)  +  AgCl(s) EX. HCl(aq)  +  FeS(s)  →    FeCl2(aq)  +  H2S(g)

EX. HCl(aq)  +  NaOH(aq)  →    NaCl(aq)  +  H2O(l)

• Wood as well as many common items that combust are organic (i.e., they are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen). When organic molecules combust the reaction products are carbon dioxide and water (as well as heat).

Combustion reaction

• hydrocarbon is react with oxygen.• Always produce carbondioxide and water .• Always produce heat, light or sound• EX. CH4(g)  +  2O2(g)  →    CO2(g)  +  2H2O(g) • EX. 2C4H10(g)  +  13O2(g)  →    8CO2(g)  +  10H2O(g)

Instructional Objective:1.Learn about organic and inorganic compounds

2.Learn the different types of hydrocarbons.

Organic Compounds and Polymers

Organic chemistry • is the study of the properties of the

compounds of carbon • Organic substances are obtained from

living things.• A polymer • is a macromolecule in which all of the

molecules that repeats itself again and again.

Hydrocarbons

• Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that consist of only C and H atoms.

• include the alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons

• are insoluble in water • burn in oxygen, carbon dioxide and water

are produced.• obtained from fossil fuels--coal, petroleum,

and natural gas

A prefix that specifies the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain is attached to the name ending, -ane.

meth- 1 C hex- 6 C

eth- 2 C hept- 7 C

prop- 3 C oct- 8 C

but- 4 C non- 9 C

pent- 5 C dec- 10 C

Hydrocarbon: all have the general formula CnH2n + 2 where n equals the number of carbon atoms.*called alkanes group

name MolecularFormula StructuralFormula

Methane CH4 CH4 Ethane C2H6 CH3CH3

Propane C3H8 CH3CH2CH3

Butane C4H10 CH3(CH2)2CH3

Pentane C5H12 CH3(CH2)3CH3

Hexane C6H14 CH3(CH2)4CH3

Heptane C7H16 CH3(CH2)5CH3

Octane C8H18 CH3(CH2)6CH3

Nonane C9H20 CH3(CH2)7CH3

Decane C10H22 CH3(CH2)8CH3