Instructional Design For Distance Education
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Transcript of Instructional Design For Distance Education
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Instructional Design for Distance Education
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Objectives
• Create dynamic sessions using five design components
• Adapt traditional formats
• Analyze what works, what doesn’t
• Plan a lesson
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Teletechniques:The Five Basic Design Components
ParticipationHumanizing
Feedback
Delivery Evaluation
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The process of creating an atmosphere which focuses on the importance of the individual and overcomes distance by generating group rapport.
Humanizing
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Humanizing
• Gives the “first impression”• Allows everyone to get acquainted• Shows genuine concern for individual• Learners may have different expectations
Why is it important?
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Humanizing
• Welcome letter• Feature sites, students• Gather data about learners, sites• Recognize special occasions• SMILE!• Use music or sound effects• Visit sites
Suggested Humanizing Techniques
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Participation
The process of getting beyond the technology by providing opportunities for spontaneous interaction between participants.
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Participation
• Increases learning• Affects creativity• Influences opinion change• Should happen within first 5 minutes• Can be physical or mental activity• Is vital in distance learning
Why is it important?
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Participation
• Directed or planted questions• Reports & assignments• Role-playing & skits• Games & competitions• Self-test to start & end sessions• Pre-class and post class sessions• Debates, pro & con discussions
Suggested Participation Techniques
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Presenting what’s to be said in such a way that it will be received, understood and remembered.
Message Delivery
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Message Delivery
• We think faster than we listen.• Concentrated listening should be presented in “short
bits.”• Variety helps maintain interest.• Previewing helps engage learners.• Repetition reinforces key points.• Media should guide learners & reinforce verbal
message.
Why is it important?
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Message Delivery
• Gain attention (video, personal story, show stopper)
• Advance organizers (syllabus, course outline)
• Verbal cues: (“Now this is important ...”)
• Print & media support
Suggested Delivery Techniques
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More Suggestions
• Short segments (10-15 minutes long)
• Vary pacing
• Team teach for variety of voices & styles
• Use instructional videos & multimedia
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Feedback
Tells the learner “the degree of correctness” with respect to understanding content.
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Feedback
• Reinforces learners
• Provides opportunity to correct misunderstandings or add omissions
• Improves effectiveness
• Gauges learner progress
Why is it important?
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Feedback
• Must be timely
• Positive feedback more useful
• Should be specific
• Maintain confidentiality
Conditions for Effective Feedback
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Feedback
• Acknowledge learner responses
• Help learners to form correct responses
• Use check points in materials
• Evaluate performance
• Have learners self-evaluate
Suggested Feedback Techniques
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Evaluation
Taking the pulse of learners.
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Evaluation
• Answers questions like:
– Interesting or boring?
– Comprehensive?
– Omissions?
Why is it important?
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Evaluation
• Verbal group feedback• Ask about the value of information• Use group questions• View tapes• Written and electronic evaluation forms• Ask others for their opinions
Suggested Evaluation Techniques
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Humanizing Summary:
•Is directly related to satisfaction.•Provides for needed social conventions.•Sets expectations.
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Participation Summary:
•Increases learning.•Can be “doing” or “thinking.”•Taps the full capabilities of technology.
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Message Delivery Summary:
•Needs to be well-organized.•Should provide variety through pacing, support media, activities.•Should be in short segments.
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Feedback & Evaluation Summary:
•Important in communicating, learning and motivating•Should be part of every session•Can be verbal, nonverbal, written, electronic•Comes from ourselves or others