Institutional manadates, gaps & barriers mole xxiii confernce

Whitbread the company…

INSTITUTIONAL MANDATES, GAPS AND

BARRIERS IN THE URBAN WASH SUB-

SECTOR

A Desk Study Research under the USAID-

WSUP/ACF Programme

Presented by: Jesse Coffie Danku,

WaterAid in Ghana

24th August 2012

MOLE XXIII CONFERNCE

1


•Introduction

•The WSUP/ACF Programme

•Research outcomes

•Conclusions & Recommendations

Presentation outline

2


•Effective performance of Sector Institutions highly

dependent on Government financing among other

factors

•More and more people are migrating to urban areas

thus putting much stress on WASH facilities

•Challenges confronting the urban WASH sub-sector

requires concerted effort

•The presentation focuses more on raising the issues

with few recommendations

Introduction

3


Introduction-The urban challenge

Urban Population in Developing Countries Without

Access to Improved Water and Sanitation

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1990 2006 2015

mil

lio

ns

water

sanitation

4


• Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP)/African Cities for the Future (ACF) is a multi‐country program developed to test effective and innovative partnerships between communities, civil society organizations, local service providers, government and other stakeholders in increasing equitable access to improved water and sanitation for the urban poor in six cities of five countries in sub‐Saharan Africa.

• To improve the lives of the urban poor in developing countries by strengthening the capacity of local service providers and others to provide sustainable water and sanitation services, promote good hygiene and raise the health and environmental standards of the community.”

• The program is designed to unblock key barriers to delivering water and sanitation services to the urban poor and

• WSUP Sub-grantees are WaterAid, Care and Building Partnerships for Development (BPD)

Overview of WSUP/ACF Program

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Creating an enabling environment for

pro‐poor water supply and sanitation

improvements through the

establishment and strengthening of

multi‐stakeholder institutional

arrangements

Objectives of the ACF Program

Delivering comprehensive demand driven

programs of targeted capacity building

for all project stakeholders including

communities, civil society, local private

and public service providers and

government regulatory authorities

Documenting and

disseminating learning

from implementation

projects through sharing at

local, national, regional and

international levels

Developing plans and

budgets for implementation

at scale in each city

Demonstrating affordable and

sustainable access to water supply

and sanitation services to the urban

poor

Explicitly addressing

women's needs and to

engage both men and

women in more equitable

participation within the

urban WASH sub-sector 6


In

Institutional Mandates, Gaps and Barriers

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Institutional Mandates, Gaps and Barriers


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Objective of Study

In overall terms, the assessment

sought to undertake stakeholder

analysis in the WASH sector and

to document list of institutions

and their mandates, gaps


To undertake a documentation

of the mandates of key

institutions, government

bodies or designated service

providers with some

responsibility for WASH

service delivery in Ghana

Specific Objectives

To identify and analyze barriers in

delivering services to the urban poor,

To provide policy recommendations for

improving WASH delivery services for

urban poor in Ghana

To identify and analyze gaps

arising out of the institutional

mandates

To identify and analyze gaps in pro-poor

regulation, pro-poor initiatives, pro-poor

policies and strategies as well as equity

and inclusion issues within the urban

WASH sub-sector

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Methodology and Approach

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Target Institutions

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Ministry of Water Resources, Works & Housing (MWRWH)

• Ministry of Local Government & Rural Development (MLGRD)

• Ministry of Finance & Economic Planning (MoFEP)

• Donors

• Public Utility Regulatory Commission

Water Directorate (WD)

Environmental Health & Sanitation Directorate (EHSD)

Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL/GUWL)

• Metropolitan & Municipal Assemblies (MMAs)

• Waste management Department (WMD)

Private Sector

Academic/Research Institutions

• CSO Networks & NGOs


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Research Findings

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GAP

Ineffective inter-institutional

coordination, harmonization

and collaboration as well as

monitoring and evaluation of

urban water service provision

Inadequate Government

funding for urban WASH sub-sector

•Low priority given to WASH

BARRIERS •Limited clear legal and regulatory framework

•Inadequate allocation of resources for urban WASH service provision

•Lack of funds to replace obsolete equipment to keep pace with increasing urban water demand •Emergence of more slum areas which are not recognized by government to feature in development plans

Ineffective inter-institutional

coordination, harmonization

and collaboration as well as

monitoring and evaluation of urban water service provision

• Inadequate allocation of resources for sanitation services, both at national

and district level

• Lack of formally constituted sanitation sub-sector in the governmental

system of sector development planning

• Lack of adequate professional manpower

• Inadequate sector-wide standards for service provision

• Non-enforcement

• Lack of final treatment and disposal facilities

• Unsustainable financing services with increasing burden on public resources

MW

RW

H

ML

GR

D

Mo

FE

P

Institutional Gaps and Barriers to Pro-poor WASH

Access in Urban Areas

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GAP

Inability to deal with consumer complaints

Limited presence at the Regional Level

Weak coordination and harmonization of sector activities

No finalized framework for sector-wide monitoring Slow pace to fully operationalise Metropolitan/Municipal

Environmental Sanitation Strategic Action Plans (MESSAPs) in all MMDAs

Poor regulation and enforcement of legislation

Inadequate staffing levels at the national level

Inadequate funding and logistical support from parent ministry for activities

BARRIERS Inability to deal with consumer complaints Limited presence at the Regional Level

Inadequate funding for

pro-poor urban WASH initiatives

Inadequate data on challenges of urban poor areas Illegality associated with some urban poor settlements Lack of comprehensive operational framework to guide sustained financing

and implementation of urban WASH services

PU

RC

D

ON

OR

E

HS

D



No approved sector strategic plan Weak coordination and

harmonization of sector activities No finalized framework for sector-

wide monitoring

Limited clear legal and regulatory framework Inadequate allocation of resources for urban service provision Lack of funds to replace obsolete equipment to keep pace with

increasing urban water demand Emergence of more slum areas which are not recognized by

government to feature in development plans

MW

RW

H

15

GAP

WASH is not prioritized in Medium Term Development Plans (MTDPs)

Inability to generate and store data

as well as track WASH coverage

to help in planning Lack of comprehensive framework

on provision of WASH services in pro-poor slums in urban centres

BARRIERS Water delivery in urban areas is not a core mandate of MMAs Inadequate human and financial resources Inadequate capacity of available staff in specialized areas Indistinctly defined boundaries of urban areas, especially MMA

capitals, by MLGRD. This has led to ambiguity in institutional

mandate for GWCL/GUWL and CWSA on WASH service provision

in small towns (peripheral communities) around MMA capital towns/cities.

Inability to enforce regulations on sanitation activities

Ineffective coordination of service providers

Weak planning

Lack of financial and human resources Low priority given to sanitation delivery in plans Land tenure arrangement mitigating against solid waste disposal

sites • Lack of final treatment and disposal facilities

• Unsustainable financing services with increasing burden on public

resources

MM

As

WM

D



Lack of financial and human resources Low priority given to sanitation delivery in plans

Over concentration of training of

human resource on water to the

detriment of sanitation

Inability to disseminate research

findings on urban WASH service

levels

RE

SE

AR

CH

INS

T

16

GAP High costs of services Low quality service provision Limited technical competencies to

deal with complex urban water supply systems

BARRIERS Lack of a robust monitoring framework for private sector actors Regulatory frameworks not fully enforced

Some interventions delivered are unsustainable

Inadequate pro-poor initiatives

Lack of a harmonized service delivery approach Inadequate knowledge on appropriate pro-poor urban WASH

service delivery models

PR

IVA

TE

SE

CT

OR

CS

Os/

NE

TW

OR

KS




This assessment has identified the following as key

gaps/barriers in pro-poor regulation and initiatives: •Inadequate financing of Institutional plans/strategies

•Ineffective inter-institutional coordination, harmonization and collaboration as

well as monitoring and evaluation of urban water service provision

•Limited consultations with stakeholders and beneficiaries on WASH issues

and regulations

•Absence of platforms for engagement between service providers and citizens

on WASH issues

•Emergence of more slum areas which are not recognized by government to

feature in development plans

•Lack of comprehensive plans to service poor people living at the periphery of

urban areas

Conclusions

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•The government of Ghana through the Ministry of Finance and Economic

Planning, MWRWH and MLGRD need to accelerate the provision of WASH

through sustainable financing mechanisms

•The need for policy documents to recognize low-income populations and

factor in pro-poor programming

•Regulatory frameworks need strengthening

•More involvement of end users in WASH programming

•Comprehensive mapping required to clearly establish geographical

coverage of mandated institutions

•Increased capacity of relevant institutions for coordination and monitoring

•Increased documentation and knowledge management

•Advocacy for pro-poor considerations at all levels of interventions

Recommendations

18

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Thank you!

Thank you!

Institutional manadates, gaps & barriers mole xxiii confernce

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