Installing ATPDraw Sample Batch File (cont.)...Intro to ATP Fall 2018 U I ECE 525 Lecture 13 Sample...
26
Intro to ATP Fall 2018 U I ECE 525 Lecture 13 1 Installing ATP: x Minimum to Download » Mingw version of ATP » ATPDraw -- latest version or latest patch – Presently version 6.2 – PlotXY x Installation complete set is a little tricky x Option: ATP Easy Installer » Download from secure sites in Japan Intro to ATP Fall 2018 U I ECE 525 Lecture 13 2 Installing ATPDraw x Installation is fairly easy x Default installation path “Program Files” x The space in the file name can create problems running ATP from ATPDraw » Install it somewhere else. I normally install in “C:\tools\prog\ATPDraw” x Install program creates shortcut in the start menu, but not very cleanly Intro to ATP Fall 2018 U I ECE 525 Lecture 13 3 Running ATP from ATPDraw x Still need a copy of ATP x Licensed users can get other versions x Follow installation directions for yours x ATPDraw calls ATP x Passes full path to data file when it calls ATP Intro to ATP Fall 2018 U I ECE 525 Lecture 13 4 Sample Batch File (cont.) x Second line adds executable to your search path (not needed if set this at boot time) x The next line calls ATP itself » tpbig both %1 s -R – “both” tells program to write error messages to screen and to file (useful for debugging) – Could also set “disk” to only do disk file or leave blank for no message – First “%1” is input data file from ATPDraw
Transcript of Installing ATPDraw Sample Batch File (cont.)...Intro to ATP Fall 2018 U I ECE 525 Lecture 13 Sample...
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
1
Inst
allin
g A
TP:
Min
imum
to D
ownl
oad
»M
ingw
vers
ion
of A
TP»
ATP
Dra
w--
late
st v
ersi
on o
r lat
est p
atch
–P
rese
ntly
ver
sion
6.2
–
Plo
tXY
Inst
alla
tion
com
plet
e se
t is
a lit
tle tr
icky
Opt
ion:
ATP
Eas
y In
stal
ler
»D
ownl
oad
from
sec
ure
site
s in
Jap
an
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
2
Inst
allin
g A
TPD
raw
Inst
alla
tion
is fa
irly
easy
Def
ault
inst
alla
tion
path
“Pro
gram
File
s”
The
spac
e in
the
file
nam
e ca
n cr
eate
pr
oble
ms
runn
ing
ATP
from
ATP
Dra
w»
Inst
all i
t som
ewhe
re e
lse.
I no
rmal
ly in
stal
l in
“C:\t
ools
\pro
g\A
TPD
raw
”In
stal
l pro
gram
cre
ates
sho
rtcut
in th
e st
art
men
u, b
ut n
ot v
ery
clea
nly
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
3
Run
ning
ATP
from
A
TPD
raw
Stil
l nee
d a
copy
of A
TPLi
cens
ed u
sers
can
get
oth
er v
ersi
ons
Follo
w in
stal
latio
n di
rect
ions
for y
ours
ATP
Dra
wca
lls A
TP
Pas
ses
full
path
to d
ata
file
whe
n it
calls
A
TP
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
4
Sam
ple
Bat
ch F
ile (c
ont.)
Sec
ond
line
adds
exe
cuta
ble
to y
our s
earc
h pa
th (n
ot n
eede
d if
set t
his
at b
oot t
ime)
The
next
line
cal
ls A
TP it
self
»tpbig both %1 s -R
–“b
oth”
tells
pro
gram
to w
rite
erro
r mes
sage
s to
scr
een
and
to fi
le (u
sefu
l for
deb
uggi
ng)
–C
ould
als
o se
t “di
sk” t
o on
ly d
o di
sk fi
le o
r lea
ve b
lank
fo
r no
mes
sage
–Fi
rst “
%1”
is in
put d
ata
file
from
ATP
Dra
w
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
5
Sam
ple
Bat
ch F
ile (c
ont.)
–Th
e “s
” is
to c
reat
e ap
prop
riate
out
put f
ile.
–“-R
” tel
ls A
TP o
verw
rite
exis
ting
outp
ut fi
le if
one
ex
ists
This
bat
file
will
let y
ou ru
n A
TP, a
nd a
ll of
th
e su
ppor
t pro
gram
(lin
e co
nsta
nts
etc)
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
6
Edi
ting
“sta
rtup”
ATP
read
s a
file
calle
d “s
tartu
p”
»R
esid
es in
sam
e di
rect
ory
as tp
big
»S
ets
varia
bles
for t
he p
rogr
amA
few
sug
gest
ed c
hang
es fr
om d
efau
lt»
Cha
nge
PL4
file
form
at to
wor
k w
ith P
lotX
Y–
NO
BLA
N s
et to
0
{ign
ore
blan
k lin
es}
–N
EW
PL4
set
to 2
{w
on’t
wor
k w
ith A
naly
zer}
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
7
Setti
ng U
p A
TPD
raw
Ope
n up
ATP
Dra
wS
elec
t: “T
ools
” pul
l dow
n m
enu
Sel
ect:
“Opt
ions
...”
Cho
ose
“Pre
fere
nces
” tab
»Y
ou s
elec
t a te
xt e
dito
r, or
use
Not
epad
(def
ault)
»“A
TP” i
s w
here
you
set
pat
h to
you
r bat
ch fi
leA
rmaf
it: w
hich
we
won
’t co
ver i
n th
is c
ours
e
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
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E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
8
ATP
Dra
w “
Pref
eren
ces”
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
9
Furt
her S
ettin
gsTh
e “F
iles&
Fold
ers”
tab
setti
ngs
are
okH
owev
er, y
ou d
o w
ant c
hang
es in
the
Vie
w/A
TP ta
b
»S
elec
t “E
dit s
ettin
gs” t
ab»
You
may
wan
t to
chan
ge
som
e of
the
defa
ult
setti
ngs.
How
ever
, you
ca
n ch
ange
any
of t
hese
fo
r a s
peci
fic d
ata
file
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
10
Sim
ulat
ion
Setti
ngs
Def
ault
time
step
(del
taT)
is
ver
y sm
all
Def
ault
run
time
shor
tX
opt a
nd C
opt o
kS
elec
t “P
ower
Fre
quen
cy”
»R
eset
to 6
0 H
z fro
m 5
0Hz
»C
an m
ess
up s
ome
sour
ces
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
11
Out
put S
ettin
gs
Pro
babl
y do
n’t n
eed
the
sele
cted
“Prin
tout
” op
tions
for m
ost c
ases
Slo
w d
own
the
prog
ram
so
mew
hat
Plo
t fre
quen
cy s
houl
d be
lo
w a
nd o
dd.
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
12
Oth
er S
ettin
gs
Sw
itch/
UM
set
tings
ok
for m
ost c
ases
(are
fo
r sta
tistic
al s
tudi
es o
nly)
Load
flow
con
trols
con
trols
how
the
load
flo
w in
itial
izat
ion
is ru
nV
aria
bles
: Use
can
def
ine
para
met
ers
here
and
pas
s th
em d
iffer
ent c
ompo
nent
s»
Or c
ontro
l the
m w
ith P
ocke
t Cal
cula
tor o
ptio
n»
See
hel
p fil
e fo
r mor
e in
fo
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
13
Savi
ng N
ew S
ettin
gs
The
“Sav
e” o
r “A
pply
” but
tons
are
n’t
suffi
cien
t to
perm
anen
tly s
ave
chan
geA
lso
choo
se: T
ools
-->
Sav
e O
ptio
nsTh
ese
are
all s
aved
into
a fi
le c
alle
d A
TPD
raw
.ini
»Ty
pica
lly s
aved
in u
ser’s
set
tings
»C
ould
put
cop
y in
the
dire
ctor
y w
ith
ATP
Dra
w.e
xe
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
14
Oth
er S
ettin
gs
To s
et o
ther
plo
tting
pro
gram
s or
oth
er p
ost
proc
essi
ng o
ptio
ns y
ou n
eed
to o
pen
a fil
e»
Eith
er s
elec
t the
“File
|Ope
n” s
eque
nce
of c
lick
on
the
icon
»In
itial
def
ault
is th
e E
xam
ples
dire
ctor
y, a
fter t
hat
it is
the
last
dire
ctor
y w
orke
d in
.»
For n
ow, c
hoos
e ex
ampl
e “E
xa_1
.adp
” (*.
adp
repr
esen
ts th
e dr
awin
g fil
es).
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
15
Exam
ple
1Tr
y to
run
exam
ple
case
to
mak
e su
re
prog
ram
inst
alle
d an
d se
t up
corr
ectly
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
16
ATP
Men
uA
new
pul
ldow
n m
enu
is n
ow a
vaila
ble
at
the
top
of th
e w
indo
w, c
alle
d “A
TP”
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
17
ATP
Men
u
Set
tings
is c
hang
es d
elta
T et
c. fo
r a g
iven
cas
e“M
ake
File
As”
gen
erat
es
ATP
dat
a fil
e fro
m d
raw
ing
Run
ATP
cal
ls y
our b
at fi
leE
ach
“Edi
t” ca
lls te
xt e
dito
rM
ake
Nam
es, m
akes
nod
e na
mes
for d
raw
ing
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
18
Edit
Com
man
ds
Allo
ws
you
to s
et
addi
tiona
l com
man
dsR
un o
ther
ATP
ver
sion
s»
On
Cur
rent
ATP
dra
win
g»
On
Sel
ecte
d Fi
leR
un p
lot p
rogr
ams
»O
n C
urre
nt P
L4U
se “U
pdat
e” to
set
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
19
Savi
ng N
ew S
ettin
gs
The
“Upd
ate”
but
tons
isn’
t suf
ficie
nt to
sa
ve fo
r nex
t tim
eA
ll ch
oose
: Too
ls --
> S
ave
Opt
ions
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
20
Runn
ing
an A
TP F
ileN
ow w
e ru
n th
e ex
ampl
e ca
se o
pene
d ea
rlier
Alw
ays
a m
ulti-
step
pro
cess
»1)
Mak
e fil
e to
cre
ate
ATP
dat
a fil
e fro
m d
raw
ing.
–
Mus
t do
this
eve
ry ti
me
you
chan
ge d
raw
ing
–D
efau
lt is
to p
lace
this
in “A
TP” s
ubdi
rect
ory
unde
r A
TPD
raw
hom
e di
rect
ory
(with
ext
ensi
on *
.ATP
)–
Can
edi
t thi
s fil
e w
ith “E
dit A
TP-F
ile” o
ptio
n (n
ot s
aved
to
dra
win
g fil
e)»
2) R
un y
our c
ase
»3)
Cal
l plo
tting
pro
gram
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
21
Runn
ing
an A
TP F
ileTh
e dr
awin
g fil
e sa
ved
sepa
rate
ly (s
ave
ofte
n)R
emem
ber t
o sa
ve y
our c
hang
es o
ften
Def
ault
is to
sav
e th
is in
the
“Pro
ject
” su
bdire
ctor
y un
der A
TPD
raw
Not
e th
at if
wan
t to
save
els
ewhe
re, n
eed
to
sele
ct a
new
hom
e fo
r bot
h A
DP
and
ATP
file
s»
PL4
and
*.li
s (o
r *.o
ut d
epen
ding
on
vers
ion)
are
w
ritte
n to
sam
e di
rect
ory
at *
.ATP
file
»N
eed
to c
lean
up d
irect
orie
s pe
riodi
cally
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
22
Mak
ing
You
Ow
n Fi
le
Ope
n a
new
dra
win
g (fr
om F
ile
men
u or
from
icon
)C
an g
et th
e co
mpo
nent
men
u by
rig
ht c
licki
ng m
ouse
in th
e dr
awin
g sc
reen
Eac
h ite
m le
ts y
ou s
elec
t co
mpo
nent
s to
cre
ate
Mor
e la
ter…
.
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
23
Ass
ocia
ted
File
s
Inpu
t Dat
afile
(tex
t file
)»
Ext
ensi
on o
ptio
ns: *
.dat
or *
.atp
(ATP
Dra
w)
»A
void
Lon
g Fi
le N
ames
Plo
t Dat
afile
(for
mat
ted
AS
CII)
»E
xten
sion
*.P
L4Te
xt O
utpu
t File
(pla
in te
xt)
»E
xten
sion
: *.L
IS (o
r *.O
UT)
»E
rror
Mes
sage
s in
this
file
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
24
Ass
ocia
ted
File
s (c
ont)
ATP
Dra
w S
chem
atic
File
»E
xten
sion
: *.a
cp (o
r *.a
dp fo
r old
er v
ersi
ons)
Sup
plem
ent I
nclu
de F
ile»
Use
mod
ular
pro
gram
s»
Exa
mpl
es: L
ine
cons
tant
s ou
tput
, sub
syst
ems
»E
xten
sion
opt
ions
: *.p
ch, *
.pun
, *.li
b
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
25
Cre
atin
g a
File
: Tex
t Ba
sed
Use
fixe
d w
idth
font
s w
ith y
our t
ext e
dito
r»
If us
e M
S-W
ord
or W
ord-
Pad
mak
e su
re u
se C
ourie
rP
lain
text
edi
tor b
ette
r opt
ion
»B
est i
f it p
rovi
des
colu
mn
num
ber
Old
er A
TP v
ersi
ons
do n
ot p
erfo
rm ty
pe
chec
king
, use
all
uppe
r cas
e fo
r var
iabl
es
Col
umn
alig
nmen
t is
very
impo
rtant
Th
e A
TP ru
le b
ook
refe
rs to
indi
vidu
al li
nes
as
data
car
ds
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
26
Sam
ple
File
C Brian K. Johnson
C Simulation for problem 3.11 in Greenwood
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C ........................... Misce
llaneous data ..............................
C DeltaT<---TMax<---XOpt<---COpt<-Epsiln<-TolMat<-TStart
5.0E-5 0.1
C --IOut<--IPlot<-IDoubl<-KSSOut<-MaxOut<---IPun<-MemSav<---ICat<-NEnerg<-IPrSup
500 1
1
C C ........................... Circuit data
...................................
C Bus1->Bus2->Bus3->Bus4-><----R<----L<----C
VS V1 0.149 4.73
BLANK ends circuit data
C C ........................... Switch data ....................................
C ***** Close at 160 degrees, or 70 degrees past peak ********
C Bus-->Bus--><---Tclose<----Topen<-------Ie
O
V1 0.02407 999.
1
BLANK ends switch data
C
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
27
Sam
ple
File
(con
t.)C ...........................Source data ......................................
C Bus--><I<Amplitude<Frequency<--T0|Phi0<---0=Phi0
<----Tstart<----Tstop
14VS 28.16913E3 60.
-90. 0.
-1. 9999.
BLANK ends source data
C C ........................... Output Request Data ............................
C Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->Bus-->
V1 VS
BLANK ends output requests
BLANK ends plot request
BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
BLANK ends all cases
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
28
Sect
ions
of t
he D
ataf
ileA
n A
TP d
ataf
ile m
ust a
t a m
inim
um h
ave
the
follo
win
g se
ctio
ns»
Hea
der/M
isce
llane
ous
Dat
a C
ards
»C
ircui
t Dat
a»
Sw
itch
Dat
a»
Sou
rce
Dat
a»
Out
put r
eque
st d
ata
»P
lot r
eque
st d
ata
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
29
Sect
ions
of t
he D
ataf
ileE
nd o
f sec
tion
mar
ked
with
“BLA
NK
” sta
rting
in
colu
mn
1»
Res
t of t
he c
ard
is c
omm
ent
»A
n ac
cide
ntal
bla
nk li
ne in
dat
a fil
e is
trea
ted
as e
nd
of s
ectio
n –
fix in
sta
rtup
file
disc
usse
d ea
rlier
Gra
phic
al in
terfa
ces
such
as
ATP
Dra
w in
sula
te
user
from
nee
ding
to w
ork
at th
is le
vel
Stil
l use
ful t
o kn
ow w
hat i
s go
ing
on a
t thi
s le
vel
»Fo
r Deb
uggi
ng»
If so
meo
ne s
ends
you
an
olde
r file
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
30
Com
men
t Car
ds
Goo
d pr
actic
e to
hav
e co
mm
ents
in th
e fil
eC
omm
ents
sta
rt w
ith a
“C” i
n co
lum
n 1
and
a bl
ank
in
colu
mn
2C *****************************
C * This is a sample comment *
C *****************************
ATP
allo
ws
“in-li
ne” c
omm
ents
. Pla
ce c
omm
ent
betw
een
“{ an
d }’”
Mak
e su
re th
at y
ou d
on't
bloc
k us
eful
dat
a fie
lds
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
31
Com
men
t Car
ds (c
ont.)
Use
r can
als
o tre
at a
blo
ck o
f cod
e be
twee
n ke
ywor
ds
$DIS
AB
LE a
nd $
EN
AB
LE$DISABLE
all lines in between keywords are ignored
$ENABLE
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
32
Mak
ing
You
Ow
n Fi
le
Set d
elta
T an
d Tm
ax!!!
Ope
n a
new
dra
win
g (fr
om F
ile
men
u or
from
icon
)C
an g
et th
e co
mpo
nent
men
u by
rig
ht c
licki
ng m
ouse
in th
e dr
awin
g sc
reen
Eac
h ite
m le
ts y
ou s
elec
t co
mpo
nent
s to
cre
ate
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
33
Line
ar B
ranc
hes
Thes
e ar
e th
e ba
sic
circ
uit
elem
ents
Sin
gle
phas
e an
d th
ree
phas
e op
tions
C:U
(0) a
nd L
:I(0)
are
cap
acito
r an
d in
duct
or w
ith v
olta
ge/c
urre
nt
initi
al c
ondi
tions
Not
e A
TPD
raw
use
s U
for v
olta
ge
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
34
Ope
ratin
g on
com
pone
nt
Onc
e yo
u se
lect
a c
ompo
nent
you
can
rota
te
it by
sin
gle
clic
king
the
right
mou
se b
utto
n on
it. »
Use
to s
truct
ure
your
dra
win
g m
ore
nice
ly»
This
als
o se
lect
s po
larit
y fo
r bra
nch
outp
uts
Dou
ble-
clic
k le
ft bu
tton
to o
pen
a w
indo
w to
ed
it va
lues
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
35
Resi
stor
Dia
log
Box
Set
val
ue fo
r res
ista
nce
in O
hms
Nod
e na
mes
not
set
Can
add
com
men
t$V
inta
ge,1
set
s hi
gh
prec
isio
n nu
mbe
rsE
dit d
efin
ition
s: a
llow
s re
defin
e m
odel
-ad
vanc
ed fe
atur
e
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
36
Resi
stor
Dia
log
Box
Set
bra
nch
outp
ut:
Com
men
ts»
For f
ile»
For d
raw
ing
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
37
Indu
ctor
L is
in m
H u
nles
s yo
u ha
ve s
et X
opt t
o a
frequ
ency
Labe
l cre
ates
a la
bel o
n th
e dr
awin
g ne
xt to
the
com
pone
ntH
elp
men
us a
re p
retty
go
odK
p nu
mer
ical
osc
illatio
n da
mpi
ng c
onst
ant
»A
dds
para
llel r
esis
tor
»M
ore
on th
at la
ter
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
38
Cap
acito
rC
apac
itanc
e is
in
mic
roFa
rads
unl
ess
Cop
t set
Not
e pr
ogra
m s
ets
a de
faul
t val
ue to
pre
vent
er
rors
if y
ou ra
ndom
ly
conn
ect n
odes
Ks
num
eric
al o
scilla
tion
dam
ping
con
stan
t»
Add
s se
ries
resi
stor
»M
ore
on th
at la
ter
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
39RLC
RLC
lets
you
set
R
, L, a
nd C
or
any
com
bina
tion
Cre
ates
sam
e da
ta c
ard
as R
, L,
or C
alo
ne, b
ut
lets
you
do
all
field
sS
erie
s R
LCIn
tro to
ATP
Fall
2018
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
40
3 Ph
ase
RLC
Can
cho
ose
a se
ries
3 ph
ase
RLC
Opt
ions
incl
ude
Y co
nnec
ted
and
Del
ta
conn
ecte
d
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
41
Cap
acito
r with
Initi
al
Vol
tage
Val
ueS
till s
et v
alue
fo
r CA
lso
set p
ositi
ve
and
nega
tive
volta
ge re
lativ
e to
gro
und
at
T=0
Will
be
usef
ul
for h
omew
ork
#1
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
42
Indu
ctor
with
Initi
al
Cur
rent
Val
ue
Stil
l set
val
ue
for L
Plu
s th
e cu
rrent
at T
=0
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
43
Switc
h Po
p U
p M
enu
In m
ost c
ases
you
will
use
a tim
e co
ntro
lled
switc
h (s
ingl
e or
thre
e ph
ase)
Mea
surin
g S
witc
hes
(alw
ays
clos
ed)
TAC
S c
ontro
lled
switc
hes
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
44
Tim
e C
ontr
olle
d Sw
itch
Set
T_c
lose
Set
T_o
pen
»T_
open
mus
t be
larg
er th
an T
_clo
seIm
ar is
abs
olut
e va
lue
of c
urre
nt it
w
ill in
terr
upt
Can
sel
ect o
utpu
ts
I
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
45
Tim
e C
ontr
olle
d Sw
itch
Can
als
o se
t a
time
sequ
ence
for
repe
ated
open
/clo
seop
erat
ions
.U
p to
16
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
46
Thre
e Ph
ase
Switc
hIn
divi
dual
timin
g fo
r ea
ch p
hase
No
recl
ose
char
acte
ristic
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
47
Mea
suri
ng S
witc
h
No
field
s to
se
t, bu
t you
m
ust s
elec
t “C
urre
nt”
outp
utM
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
48
Sour
ce P
op U
p M
enu
Allo
ws
you
to c
reat
e or
dina
ry s
ourc
esM
achi
nes
and
TAC
S
cont
rolle
d so
urce
s on
ot
her p
op-u
p m
enus
Mos
t of t
hese
sou
rces
ar
e re
fere
nced
to
grou
nd
ATP
Dra
w 5
.5-
ATP
Dra
w 5
.6+
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
49
Type
11
Sour
ce
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
50
Ver
sion
5.6
+ A
C so
urce
(1
&3
phas
e)
1 ph
vol
tage
sour
ce3
ph c
urre
ntso
urce
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
51
Sing
le P
hase
AC
Sou
rce
(ATP
Dra
w 5
.5 o
r ear
lier)
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
52
Thre
e Ph
ase
AC
Sou
rce
(ATP
Dra
w 5
.5 o
r ear
lier)
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
53
AC
or D
C F
loat
ing
Sour
ceA
C s
ourc
e im
plem
ente
d us
ing
the
Idea
l Tr
ansf
orm
er C
ompo
nent
Freq
uenc
y de
faul
t is
50H
z un
less
you
cha
nge
defa
ult p
ower
freq
uenc
y in
set
tings
men
uB
ette
r to
use
a N
orto
n eq
uiva
lent
to c
reat
e un
grou
nded
(as
dc d
oes)
+
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
54
Cre
atin
g a
Cir
cuit
Com
pone
nts
are
high
light
ed in
red
until
you
ed
it va
lues
Can
con
nect
com
pone
nts
toge
ther
by
drag
ging
left
mou
se b
utto
n be
twee
n no
des
and
then
clic
king
on
finis
hing
nod
e 1
Ph
or 3
Ph
on c
onte
xt
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
55
Sele
ctin
g N
ode
Nam
esD
oubl
e cl
ick
left
butto
n to
ge
t nod
e da
ta w
indo
wTy
pe n
ode
nam
e in
SW
T »
6 ch
arac
ters
max
»
ALL
CA
PS
or n
umbe
rs o
r w
ill h
ave
erro
rsC
an g
roun
d th
e no
de
»N
ame
won
’t m
atte
r»
Gro
und
sym
bol w
ill a
ppea
rIn
tro to
ATP
Fall
2018
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
56
Sele
ctin
g N
ode
Nam
es
Can
cho
ose
to D
ispl
ay n
ame
on th
e sc
reen
If yo
u ha
ve a
con
nect
ion
betw
een
node
s, a
ll no
des
will
get a
nam
e yo
u as
sign
ed w
hen
use
“Sub
-pro
cess
> M
ake
Nod
e N
ames
” or
“Mak
e A
TP F
ile”
»A
TPD
raw
ass
igns
nam
es if
you
don
’t (X
X00
01,
etc)
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
57
Build
ing
a Sy
stem
Can
als
o co
py y
our
com
pone
nts
Rem
embe
rsou
tput
requ
ests
and
valu
esN
eed
to
ente
r new
na
mes
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
58
Prob
es a
nd 3
Pha
seM
enu
for v
olta
ge a
nd
curr
ent m
easu
rem
ents
“Pro
be V
olt”
is li
ne to
gr
ound
vol
tage
“Pro
be B
ranc
h V
olt
“put
s in
dum
my
bran
ch
as d
oes
“pro
be c
urr”
Sel
ect 1
or 3
ph
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
59
ATP
Dra
w A
TP D
ata
File
File
itse
lf is
less
read
able
:BEGIN NEW DATA CASE
C --------------------------------------------------------
C Generated by ATPDRAW
January, Wednesday 23, 2008
C A Bonneville Power Administration program
C by H. K. Høidalen at SEfAS/NTNU -NORWAY 1994-2006
C --------------------------------------------------------
C dT >< Tmax >< Xopt >< Copt >
5.E-5 .1
500 1
1 1 1 0 0 1 0
C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C 345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
/BRANCH
C < n1 >< n2 ><ref1><ref2>< R >< L >< C >
C < n1 >< n2 ><ref1><ref2>< R >< A
>< B ><Leng><><>0
VS RL
.149
0
RL LV
4.73
0
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
60
ATP
Dra
w A
TP D
ata
File
/SWITCH
C < n 1>< n 2>< Tclose ><Top/Tde >< Ie ><Vf/CLOP >< type >
LV .02407 1.E3
1
/SOURCE
C < n 1><>< Ampl. >< Freq. ><Phase/T0><
A1 >< T1
>< TSTART >< TSTOP >
14VS 0 28169.
60. -90.
-1. 1.E3
/OUTPUT
VS
BLA
NK
BR
AN
CH
BLA
NK
SW
ITC
HB
LAN
K S
OU
RC
EB
LAN
K O
UTP
UT
BLA
NK
PLO
TB
EG
IN N
EW
DA
TA C
AS
EB
LAN
K
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
61
Whe
n ha
ndin
g in
ho
mew
ork
assi
gnm
ents
Incl
ude
any
hand
cal
cula
tions
you
did
to s
et u
p th
e pr
oble
mIn
clud
e ci
rcui
t dia
gram
Incl
ude
text
from
the
*.at
p fil
e In
clud
e si
mul
atio
n pl
ots
»Zo
om in
on
key
resu
lts»
Cap
ture
key
num
bers
»In
terp
reta
tion
of th
e re
sults
mat
ters
!S
ee e
xam
ples
in u
pcom
ing
lect
ures
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
62
Lum
ped
Para
met
er L
ines
: A
TP
All
thre
e m
odel
cou
pled
br
anch
esC
an d
o va
ryin
g nu
mbe
r of
pha
ses
(up
to 6
)C
an d
o se
vera
l hun
dred
ph
ases
whe
n cr
eate
by
hand
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
63
Cou
pled
PI:
ATP
Goo
d fo
r sho
rted
lines
or c
able
sO
ften
need
10
segm
ents
for
accu
rate
line
mod
elE
nter
the
mat
rix
data
in th
e m
enu
Not
ice
the
scro
ll ba
r
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
64
Cou
pled
RL:
ATP
Ent
er u
sing
cou
pled
-pi
Don
’t en
ter c
apac
itanc
e va
lues
Use
for n
etw
ork
equi
vale
nt
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
65
Cou
pled
RL-
Sym
met
rical
C
ompo
nent
Equ
ival
ent
Var
iatio
n on
co
uple
d-R
LN
ow d
o a
sym
met
rical
com
pone
nts
equi
vale
ntP
ositi
ve a
nd z
ero
sequ
ence
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
66
Dis
tribu
ted
Para
met
er
Line
s: A
TP
Tran
spos
ed o
r unt
ranp
osed
opt
ions
Tran
spos
ed o
ptio
ns li
sted
her
eFe
wer
opt
ions
for t
he u
ntra
npos
ed
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
67
Tran
spos
ed L
ine:
ATP
Can
ent
er th
e va
lid
field
s:»
Mod
al re
sist
ance
pe
r len
gth
»M
odal
L’C
’ or
»M
odal
Zc
and
v or
»M
odal
Zc
tau
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
68
Unt
ranp
osed
Lin
e: A
TP
Can
ent
er th
e va
lid
field
s:»
Res
ista
nce/
leng
th»
A, B
for m
odes
»Le
ngth
»IL
INE
con
trols
A,B
»Tr
ansf
orm
atio
n m
atrix
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
69
Find
ing
Line
Dat
a
The
line
cons
tant
s ro
utin
e st
arts
out
from
ph
ysic
al d
ata
conc
erni
ng li
ne»
Tow
er c
onfig
urat
ion
»C
ondu
ctor
siz
es»
Res
istiv
ity o
f ear
th»
Bun
dlin
g»
Tran
spos
ition
»S
et fr
eque
ncy
or ra
nge
for f
requ
ency
sw
eep
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
70
ATP
Dra
w L
ine
Con
stan
ts
Prog
ram
ATP
Dra
w w
ill le
t use
r cal
l the
lin
e co
nsta
nts
prog
ram
Use
r det
erm
ines
num
ber o
f ph
ases
Can
do
cons
tant
freq
uenc
y pa
ram
eter
and
freq
uenc
y de
pend
ent
Con
nect
line
mod
el in
to c
ircui
t sc
hem
atic
LCC
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
71
Ove
rhea
d Li
neIf
skin
effe
ct is
che
ck
LCC
per
form
s co
mpu
tatio
n»
Oth
erw
ise
user
pro
vide
s da
taS
egm
ente
d gr
ound
Rea
l tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
bette
r for
tran
sien
tsM
odel
type
»B
erge
ron
and
pi fo
r now
Sav
e as
to s
ave
line
mod
el d
ata
Can
impo
rt *.
alc
file
with
lin
e da
taIn
tro to
ATP
Fall
2018
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
72
Con
duct
or D
ata
Add
row
to a
dd
addi
tiona
l con
duct
ors
»P
hase
0 g
roun
d w
ires
»If
don’
t aut
o bu
ndle
w
ill n
eed
2 or
3 p
er
phas
eR
un A
TP to
cre
ate
data
fil
e en
try a
t mod
ule
»W
ill ru
n au
tom
atic
ally
if
try to
run
a ca
seVi
ew le
ts y
ou s
ee
phys
ical
layo
utVe
rify
anal
yzes
fre
quen
cy re
spon
se o
f th
e m
odel
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
73
Cou
pled
Pi O
utpu
tC
an re
ques
t prin
ted
outp
ut to
text
file
»C
an u
se th
is to
co
llect
mat
rix d
ata
to a
naly
sis
in o
ther
pr
ogra
ms
»Ze
is e
quiv
alen
t 3x3
»Zs
is s
ymm
etric
al
com
pone
nts
»Z
calc
ulat
ed a
t in
itial
freq
uenc
y
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
74
Exam
ple
Cas
eIf
num
ber o
f pha
ses
is m
ultip
le o
f 3
ATP
Dra
w a
ssum
es
doub
le o
r trip
le c
ircui
t lin
eLC
CLC
C
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
75
Exam
ple
Cas
e
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
76
Exam
ple
Cas
e: V
iew
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
77
Exam
ple
Cas
e: V
erify
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
78
Wha
t is
Nee
ded
in
Tran
sfor
mer
Mod
els?
Am
ount
of d
etai
l dep
ends
on
frequ
ency
of
des
ired
resp
onse
Pow
er fl
ow s
tabi
lity
ofte
n ju
st m
odel
le
akag
e, p
erha
ps w
indi
ng re
sist
ance
»Ta
p ch
angi
ng»
Per
haps
wye
-del
ta p
hase
shi
ft
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
79
Wha
t is
Nee
ded
in
Tran
sfor
mer
Mod
els?
Faul
t stu
dies
requ
ire m
ore
info
rmat
ion
»C
onne
ctio
n in
fo
–w
ye
–de
lta–
zig-
zag
–au
totra
nsfo
rmer
–et
c.»
Gro
undi
ng»
Pos
sibl
e im
pact
of t
ertia
ry
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
80
Low
Fre
quen
cy
Tran
sien
ts
Sim
ilar m
odel
ing
info
to fa
ult p
rogr
ams
»C
onne
ctio
n in
form
atio
n m
ore
impo
rtant
Mag
netiz
ing
bran
ch»
Sat
urat
ion
Cor
e lo
ss te
rmN
ot u
sing
per
uni
t»
Nee
d to
incl
ude
turn
s ra
tio»
Div
ide
leak
age
L, w
indi
ng R
bet
wee
n w
indi
ngs
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
81
Sing
le P
hase
Eq
uiva
lent
Cir
cuit
Win
ding
resi
stan
ceLe
akag
e in
duct
ance
Cor
e lo
ss--t
otal
loss
esN
on-li
near
indu
ctor
mod
el fo
r mag
netiz
ing
bran
chIn
tro to
ATP
Fall
2018
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
82
ATP
Opt
ions
Idea
l tra
nsfo
rmer
com
pone
ntS
atur
able
tran
sfor
mer
com
pone
ntB
CTr
an --
prep
roce
ssor
that
con
verts
de
scrip
tion
of tr
ansf
orm
er to
cou
pled
RL
Can
als
o cr
eate
man
ually
usi
ng c
oupl
ed R
L br
anch
es
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
83
Idea
l tra
nsfo
rmer
co
mpo
nent
Com
bine
s id
eal t
rans
form
er w
ith id
eal
sour
ce»
Sim
ply
ente
r tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
ratio
»
Can
be
used
to im
plem
ent f
loat
ing
sour
ce to
o»
Use
s fre
quen
cy fr
om b
asic
ATP
Dra
w s
ettin
gs–
Nee
d to
mak
e su
re th
is m
atch
es s
yste
m fr
eque
ncy
–S
ettin
g “B
ranc
h =
0” fo
rces
ATP
to u
se th
is
frequ
ency
–“B
ranc
h =
1” c
an a
void
this
(Vm
=1E
-20)
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
84
Acc
essi
ng T
rans
form
er
Mod
els
Not
e th
at th
ree
phas
e an
d si
ngle
ph
ase
optio
ns
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
85
Dia
log
box
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
86
Text
Ent
ryC ...........................Source data ......................................
C Bus--><I<Amplitude<Frequency<--T0|Phi0<---0=Phi0
<----Tstart<----Tstop
14NodeJ
C NodeL><-|---n----><NodeK<NodeM<NodeX
18
The
18 c
ard
need
to fo
llow
the
14N
ode
X c
an b
e us
ed fo
r cur
rent
mea
sure
men
t
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
87
Add
ing
R, L
Ter
ms
The
bala
nce
of th
e re
gula
r tra
nsfo
rmer
m
odel
can
be
crea
ted
by:
»A
ddin
g ex
tern
al R
, L fo
r ser
ies
term
s»
Shu
nt re
sist
or fo
r cor
e lo
ss te
rm»
Sat
urab
le in
duct
or c
ompo
nent
for L
m
Cre
ate
win
ding
con
nect
ions
ext
erna
llyC
an a
lso
add
capa
cita
nce
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
88
Lim
itatio
ns
Lim
ited
to tw
o w
indi
ng tr
ansf
orm
ers
It is
ver
y ea
sy to
cre
ate
num
eric
al
prob
lem
s in
the
sim
ulat
ion
with
the
idea
l tra
nsfo
rmer
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
89
Satu
rabl
e Tr
ansf
orm
er
Mod
el h
as b
uilt-
in c
ircui
t ele
men
ts»
Win
ding
resi
stan
ce»
Leak
age
indu
ctan
ce (c
an’t
ente
r 0)
»C
ore
loss
resi
stan
ce»
Mag
netiz
ing
bran
ch
–no
t ent
ered
as
an L
in m
H»
Can
set
all
exce
pt le
akag
e to
0 to
sim
plify
»E
nter
win
ding
to w
indi
ng ra
tios
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
90
Sing
le P
hase
Sat
urab
leBa
se A
ttrib
utes Io
, Fo
are
stea
dy-s
tate
po
int o
n sa
tura
tion
char
acte
ristic
for i
nitia
l Lm
RM
S =
0 o
r 1: d
eter
min
es
how
the
satu
ratio
n ch
arac
teris
tic is
ent
ered
.O
utpu
t is
info
rmat
ion
abou
t m
ange
tizat
ion
bran
ch
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
91
Satu
ratio
n C
hara
cter
istic
If R
MS
= 0
, thi
s is
cur
rent
ve
rsus
flux
If R
MS
= 1
, thi
s is
RM
S
curr
ent v
ersu
s R
MS
vo
ltage
at f
requ
ency
of
first
sou
rce
in th
e sy
stem
The
0,0
poin
t is
assu
med
by
the
prog
ram
Up
to 1
0 po
ints
can
be
ente
red
»B
ette
r to
limit
to 3
-5
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
92
Vie
win
g Th
e Sa
tura
tion
Cha
ract
eris
ticIf
RM
S =
0, t
his
is c
urre
nt
vers
us fl
uxIf
RM
S =
1, t
his
is R
MS
cu
rren
t ver
sus
RM
S v
olta
ge a
t fre
quen
cy o
f firs
t sou
rce
in th
e sy
stem
The
0,0
poin
t is
assu
med
by
the
prog
ram
Up
to 1
0 po
ints
can
be
ente
red
»B
ette
r to
limit
to 3
-5 fo
r bet
ter
num
eric
al b
ehav
ior
»D
oes
not i
nclu
de h
yste
resi
s
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
93
Thre
e Ph
ase
Mod
elIc
on c
hang
es w
ith th
e co
nnec
tion
type
. Her
e is
thre
e w
indi
ng w
ith a
ll W
YE
Her
e is
2 w
indi
ng w
ith d
elta
-wye
Not
e th
at th
ere
is a
poi
nt to
con
nect
to
mea
sure
mag
netiz
ing
bran
ch v
olta
ge
Thre
e le
g co
re o
ptio
n
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
94
Thre
e Ph
ase
Mod
elE
nter
dat
a fo
r eac
h w
indi
ngS
elec
t Y, D
, or Z
ig-z
agTh
ree
leg
optio
n he
re,
but b
ette
r to
use
spec
ific
case
from
pul
l-do
wn
men
u.
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
95
Thre
e Ph
ase
Mod
el-
Thre
e Le
g C
ore
Opt
ion
to m
odel
ho
mop
olar
relu
ctan
ce»
Sat
urab
le-T
hree
Leg
Muc
h ad
ditio
nal
info
rmat
ion
need
ed.
See
hel
p m
enu.
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
96
BCTR
AN
Inte
rfac
e
Pro
duce
s co
uple
d R
L m
odel
B
ased
on
SC
and
O
C te
st d
ata
»Li
near
Lm
in
tern
ally
»N
eed
to a
dd
exte
rnal
nonl
inea
r
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
97
Add
ition
al B
C T
ran
Dat
a
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
98
Non
linea
r Dev
ices
Mod
els
for r
esis
tors
and
in
duct
ors
»D
iffer
mod
el im
plem
enta
tion
The
Type
98
and
Type
93
indu
ctor
s do
not
incl
ude
hyst
eres
is»
Sam
e us
er d
ata
as
satu
ratio
n in
sat
urab
le x
fmr
»S
et w
ith in
itial
con
ditio
ns
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
99
Type
96
reac
tor w
ith
hyst
eres
is
Opt
ion
to e
nter
re
sidu
al fl
ux a
long
w
ith s
tead
y-st
ate
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
100
Exam
ple
Tran
sfor
mer
with
sa
tura
tion
US
RCS
RC
1
SR
C2
B12
B13
Intro
to A
TPFa
ll 20
18
U IEC
E 52
5Le
ctur
e 13
101
Resu
lts fr
om in
crea
sing
vo
ltage
(file
Exa
mpl
1.pl
4; x
-var
t)
v:B
13
v
:B12
0.
000.
020.
040.
060.
080.
10[s
]-2
00
-150
-100-5
0050100
150
200 [V
]
(file
Exa
mpl
1.pl
4; x
-var
t)
c:S
RC
-
B12
0.
000.
020.
040.
060.
080.
10[s
]-6-4-20246
[mA
]
