INSIGHTS DAILY ANSWER WRITING CHALLENGE · 7/25/13 DAILY ANSWER WRITING CHALLENGE | INSIGHTS...

7/25/13 DAILY ANSWER WRITING CHALLENGE | INSIGHTS

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INSIGHTS

DAILY ANSWER WRITING CHALLENGE

1 5 Votes

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QUESTIONS OF THE DAY:

1)” The seeds of the World War II were sown at a peace treaty held in a grand Palace in France.” Elaborate.

2) Has UN been successful in maintaining the world peace in the post cold war scenario? Critically discuss.

(IMPORTANT: To Make Space For New Answers, Today’s Answers Will be deleted tomorrow night. But your answers will be published as a New Post, and will

be accessible here as PDF also)

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Asha GoudJuly 23, 201 3 at 1 0:57 pm

5 Votes

Q “With the disintegration of USSR and an end to the cold war, the international diplomacy took a new turn”. Critically examine.

A. With the fall of Sov iet Union in 1 991 , came to an end Socialism. A Bipolar world led by USSR and USA characterized by high military expenditure,

espionage, stock piling of nuclear weapons, proxy wars, was replaced by a unipolar world led by USA and capitalists.

End of cold war is also seen as the v ictory of capitalism ov er socialism. The Capitalist countries like USA and European countries popularized the ideas of

economic Liberalization and Globalization.

The capitalist countries identified the lack of Good Gov ernance as the reason for under dev elopment of many Asian and African countries that were

v ictims to proxy wars and ethnic conflicts. As the ideas of globalization and liberalization were adopted, trade relations dev eloped and now diplomatic

relations were driv en by economic relations unlike the earlier trend of military cooperation. With globalization and opening up of trade relations,

people to people interactions increased. Spread of Internet led to discussions and knowledge sharing among people and organizations. As a result issues

relev ant to less dev eloped countries like env ironment, gov ernance, human dev elopment raised in international forums.

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Howev er critics v iew Globalization and Liberalization as Neo-imperialism. The market and resources the less dev eloped countries are drained away and

lead to dev elopment else where. The international forums, like the UNSC, are dominated by the capitalist countries. Therefore with coming of

globalization, international diplomacy is now participatory and discussion oriented but the world is led by the capitalist interests.

Reply

Asha GoudJuly 23, 201 3 at 1 0:58 pm

4 Votes

Q The latest census shows us declining sex-ratio in some of the states – Discuss the socio-cultural factors contributing to this disturbing trend.

A. The Census is not merely a statistical exercise. It brings into light state of v arious human dev elopment indicators like literacy rate, population

growth, sex ratio, mortality rates, and helps policy makers in policy making.

The latest census exercise conducted in 201 1 indicated a growth in ov er all sex ratio ( number of females per 1 000 males ) in the country from 927 to

940. Howev er a few states hav e shown a decline in sex ratio like state of Bihar, Gujarat, Jammu and Kashmir. Ev en more disturbing is the steep

decline in the Child sex ratio ( between the age group 0-6), at all India lev el Child sex ratio has fallen from 927 in 2001 to 91 4 in 201 1 .

indicator of the preference of male child in our society .

The states hav ing low sex ratio like Hary ana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Bihar lie in the northern belt. These northern states are patriarchal

societies giv ing importance to male child as heirs. Female child is seen as a burden and the region has in past witnessed practices like female

infanticide. The northern belt is also the agricultural belt and they show preference of male child as a helping hand whereas female child has less

economic v alue. Southern states hav e performed better than their northern counterparts in sex ratio.

At the same time it is worth noting that backward states like Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, and many north eastern states hav e fared better in sex ratio.

These states hav e majority tribal population which do not hav e a culture preference of male child.

Reply

Anjali MotghareJuly 23, 201 3 at 1 1 :08 pm

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3 Votes

Declining sex ratio. Socio-cultural factors.

In the census of 201 1 we child sex ratio of 91 4 which is less than 2001 ′s.

Reasons are many , but main factors are socio-cultural as follows

1 . Our society is patriarchial. Male member is the head of the family . He is more respected than other members of the family , so society alway s has

inclination towards son.

2. Son contributes in the earning of family , and daughter giv en households work.

3 . Son will take care of parents in the old age, so he is considered as inv estment for old age pension, as daughter has to leav e her house after marriage.

4.Parent has to pay dowry for their daughters wedding, so girl considered as burden. Now day s wedding’s has got more costlier as girls parents has to

pay dowry as per boy ’s status.

5. Its traditional belief sy stem son will continue lineage of the family . Their name will continue ev en after parents death as girl’s name is changed after

marriage.

So all these factors come into consideration while giv ing birth to a child, though people are more educated, more liberal in thinking now but deep

rooted thing dominates their mind, and as more techniques are av ailable so girl fetus is put to death before she is born.

Reply

Sreekanth SomanJuly 23, 201 3 at 1 1 :21 pm

4 Votes

23/07 /201 3

1 ) The phase of the world history after the second world war was characterized by what is known as “cold war” between the two super powers, the





United States and the USSR. The struggle for hegemony between them brought many other countries like Cuba, Vietnam, and Yugoslav ia into internal

war or war-like situations. It was expected of any country of the world to join either of the groups led by the powers. If not, a country could be

considered an enemy . Thus ev en countries which were part of the non-aligned mov ement also were not kept out of the effects of the cold war. The

social, economic, and cultural aspects of the world were also affected due to cold war apart from political sphere.

With the disintegration of the USSR by 1 990 as a result of economic problems and reaction to reforms introduced by Gorbachev , Perestroika and

Glasnost, there happened a radical change in world power equations. Unites States. as the lone super power, came to occupy commanding heights in

world politics and international institutions like United Nations, World Bank, IMF, WTO etc. became a play ground for pursuing the interests of US and

other NATO countries. NATO was able to interfere in Gulf War, Balkan crisis and other international issues v ery easily and enforce their decisions. The

world economy became extremely dependent on the dev eloped countries for markets, capital and aid. Thus there was major transformation in

international diplomacy based on the new situation.

2) The 201 1 census data rev ealed some disturbing aspects of Indian society . It was the declining sex ratio, particularly the child sex ratio at 91 4, that

establishes the preference for male child among Indians ev en in 21 st century . The sex ratio is v ery much skewed in some states in north-west India like

Hary ana, Punjab and Rajasthan. It is to be understood that the social ev ils of female infanticide, female foeticide and possibly honour killings

contribute to this problem.

The utlimate cause for the skewed sex ratio is the low status of women in the society preserv ed from ancient times. Before marriage, a woman is

considered as a burden to her parents as it is thought that she cannot earn enough for the family and also huge money required to marry off her. After

marriage, a woman is subjected to abuse and domestic v iolence leading to suicides ov er matters of dowry . Such attitudes are entrenched in the abov e

mentioned states.

Though education can help in eradicating this ev il, it is a matter of deep concern that ev en among the urban elite, there is preference for the male

child. Adv ances in diagnostic techniques help in sex selectiv e abortions aided by unscrupulous medical practitioners. Only by the strict enforcement of

the Pre Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act by the concerned agencies, sensitizing efforts of the civ il society and pro-activ e role of the

media can these ev ils be remov ed from our society .

Reply

Biman GhoshJuly 24, 201 3 at 1 :21 am





2 Votes

“With the disintegration of USSR and an end to the cold war, the international diplomacy took a new turn”. Critically examine.

In 1 992,the disintegration of USSR, followed by the end of prolonged “cold war” between the then two superpowers,was a significant ev ent in the world

diplomacy .It changed the structure of entire world diplomatic equation, dramatically .

During cold war,the world was Bipolar in terms of diplomatic equations.USA was leading one front with it’s touted pro-liberal v iews,while USSR held

the other one with socialist ideas.Both fronts were in cut-throat competition to influence major world affairs and international institution’s

strategies.Each country had to make a clear choice to enter in any of the two fronts.since world war 2 onwards,the world was being y oung and v arious

processes were taking place,like de-colonization,industrialization,liberalization,etc.these situations opened a greater space for both superpowers to play

greater roles out amid the cold war’s tensions. Major emerging countries,like India,china,South africa,South Asians nations were also in greatest need

of help of these superpowers.These countries also directed their foreign policies to absorb maximum assistance from US led or USSR led domains.they

env isaged these situations ripe to shape their economy with the massiv e help,they got from either US or USSR,as per their foreign policy admitted.

but with the sudden collapse of the USSR,entire diplomatic equation took a new turn,most dramatically .the scenario was changed.the world was

shifted from bipolar to uni polar with the mighty US, alone superpower in the world.initially ,for a few y ears,some countries were clueless about their

future diplomatic steps,eg;India.the situations were more or lees,a dilemma for entire world community . Now,the countries,who earlier would had

been with USSR,hav e to decide about their future collaboration.Some countries preferred to be with the Russian federation,a successiv e state of

USSR,while some countries gradually changed their priorities and approached to US for further progress.The US had become one and only one

superpower with enormous powers to influence any activ ity in any corner of the world.The world diplomacy had been changed.The country ’s priorities

and foreign policies had been changed.

Reply

MAHENDRA NATH GORLEJuly 24, 201 3 at 1 :50 am





3 Votes

23, july 201 3

1 . Ev en though the word ‘cold war’ is v irtually memorizing many times at present international arena, the actual theme got faded out with

disintegration of USSR in early nineties. With this disintegration the USSR, so many independent nations are created with their own principles and

own interests. Howev er all this shifted the power to one side, i.e., towards USA and NATO countries.

Ev en though the USSR splits apart into many , still Russia is still world’s biggest country . But it was unable to manage the balance of power. The main

reasons are economic and geographical. Economically the main energy security of USSR is lies in the western part, which is now in Turkmenistan,

Kazakhstan, Baltic countries and surrounding countries. With splitting the v ast quantities of Oil and Gas reserv es and minerals lost to these countries.

Geographically Russia lies in temperate zone and northern part lies at tundra zone which are not fav orable to agriculture. Russia mainly depends on

other countries for many agricultural needs and as well as for energy needs. It only manages by military technology so far.

On the other way USA and NATO countries are v ery adv anced in these sectors and continually expanding their economic territories by v arious

agreements with different states. So Russia almost ends up its cold war actions and concentrating on its own security .

2. The latest census of 201 1 shows the sex ratio as 940, which means there are 940 women for 1 000 men. Ev en though it was slightly improv ed

compared to census of 201 1 , still it is a big concern because the alarming low lev els of certain states and decreasing ratio of child sex ratio at 91 4.

As the trend continuous for Kerala and Puduchcherri at top lev els, the traditionally low sex ratio states of Hary ana, J & K, Punjab, Union Territories of

Delhi and Chandigarh continue their dismal form. The main reasons for low sex ratio are the mind set of people, liberal gov ernment attitude, no strict

implementation of laws (like predetermination of sex during pregnancy ) at ground lev el by Doctors.

In India the birth of female child still not welcomed by many people irrespectiv e of their economic status. The main concern is ev en educated are not

thinking in positiv ely at many instances. One of the main reason for this may be the social ev il of Dowry . People are considered the birth of female

child as a burden for them till their marriage and feel un protectiv e compared to male child. The increasing v iolence on females also may be one of the

reason.

Gov ernment also has to act v ery strictly on the culprits who by pass the respectiv e laws and hav e to penalize the hospitals who ev er allows the sex

determination tests.



Reply

lakshmi prasannaJuly 24, 201 3 at 6:41 am

2 Votes

2. Sex ratio is one of the important parameter that reflects the status of women in society . Sex ratio decline in India is fact, but important thing is, that

decline with sociocultural, educational and economic dev elopment.

In India sex ratio is 933 in 2001 and it is 940 in 201 1 , which is one of the lowest in the world. In 1 901 the states like Bihar, Kerala, Orissa, and Tamil

Nadu had sex ratio 1 061 , 1 004, 1 037 and 1 044 respectiv ely while UT’s like Chhattisgarh, Goa, Jharkhand, Lakshadweep, Manipur, Meghalay a and

Mizoram had Sex ratio 1 046, 1 091 , 1 032, 1 063, 1 03, 1 037 , 1 036 and 1 1 1 3 respectiv ely . After independence i.e. from 1 951 to 1 961 the position of all

the abov e states and UTs was good but from 1 97 1 to 2001 the declining trend in sex ratio was shown except Kerala and Pondicherry . But in 201 1

Census it is seen that in all states except Bihar, Gujarat and Jammu Kashmir the sex ratio is increased, it is also increased in UTs except Dadra & Hav eli

and Daman & Diu.

Reasons for decline includes preference of son, practice of dowry , Increasing ultrasound clinics and the ability to pay for abortions, education, pov erty ,

male dominancy , lack of women empowerment, and social status of women. Collectiv e work of gov ernment and society is needed for seeing healthy sex

ratio in future census

Reply

Geetika EnaniJuly 24, 201 3 at 9:20 am







1 Vote

thank y ou for explaining this difference by example.

Reply

re singhJuly 24, 201 3 at 3 :51 pm

2 Votes

date 24/07 /201 3

question 2) Has UN been successful in maintaining the world peace in the post cold war scenario? Critically discuss.

ANS.

UN is the brain child of the western world that ev olv e after the second world war which purposes are make a world peaceful where international issues

are bring at a place and resolv e them peacefully and also resolv e all concern of the newly independent states.

After the end of world war new v ersion of war were emerged a proxy war (cold war). At this scenario UN also play s an important role and after 1 990,at

the end of the cold war, UN and its agencies makes world peaceful and brings world to be more globalized.

UN and its agencies play s important role in the economic oriented new world where each countries are economically depend to one another. UN works

for more liberalized the world and take action against conserv atism.

UN sending its secretaries and agent to the conflicted areas of the world and try ing to resolv e the problem with conv ersation between riv al groups.

It also sending peace army to the conflicted zones and disaster affected areas and also supply ing resources to the poor and pov erty affected areas.

Its security council are play ing important role to stop the terrorism and nuclear expansions through keep banning on research and dev elopment on

nuclear.





UN hav e doing so many grateful and successful jobs. But along this jobs it also criticizes for its leanness to the western country . security council is

mostly criticized for its leanness to dev eloped world.

After the cold world war new economies were emerging then they start demand for making UN more open and stop biased activ ity . Dev eloping

countries are demanding for expand security council and also liberalized nuclear policy for power generation. And new demand for more responsibility

and transparency increases.

this is a brief story of UN but the requirement of the globalized world is more so there are so many changes are required in the right direction through

which the world become more peaceful.

Reply

Keerthi NarayanJuly 24, 201 3 at 6:32 pm

2 Votes

1 .In modern world history , the period from post second world war till the 1 990s is marked by the polarisation of nations into two distinct blocks.

Nations aligned themselv es either in sy nc with the capitalist United States or the socialist USSR. This scenario underwent a change when the USSR

disintegrated into pieces. The world after the USSR collapse was not at all bipolar. It has been largely unipolar so far and may become multi polar in the

near future.

International diplomacy or a nation’s foreign policies are framed taking into consideration a lot of factors. During the cold war era, one important

factor in determining its foreign policy was the economic, military , moral and ideological support it would deriv e by either inclining towards USA or

the USSR. But this major factor determining a country ’s foreign policy changed after the USSR collapse. Many nations liberalised and integrated

themselv es with the global trading network. So nation’s foreign policies were determined by its potential to prosper by establishing trade links, joint

nav al exercises to combat piracy .

Also the international scenario witnessed a lot of flexing of muscles by the two block during the cold war. The Cuban Missile crisis, the formation of

NATO, CENTO, SEATO and the Commintern, nuclear tests, inter continental ballistic missile tests etc are examples. Post cold war scenario did not

witness such such muscle flexing.

It can be said that post cold war, the USA alone dominated the world political scenario and nations were either pro-USA or anti-USA(like Cuba,

Venezuela) during this time period.





2. Sex ratio is the no. of females per 1 000 males in the country ’s population. In India, sex ratio is measured during ev ery census. It is a measure of

Gender Equality . The recent census shows that India’s sex ratio has been improv ing since the prev ious decades. Howev er few states like Bihar and

Gujarat hav e seen decline in sex ratio in the 2001 -201 1 period.

This clearly indicates the preference of male children ov er female children in these states. The following could be the reasons for this dangerous trend:

1 . Sex determination during pre-natal stage has become more popular in this communication-technology decades than during the 80s. Female foetuses

are aborted before birth. The PCPNDT act amendments made few y ears back may bring in some positiv e change in the forthcoming decade.

2. General belief in the society that female children are a economic burden to the family as the entire expense of bringing her up, educating and

marry ing does not y ield any return. This is a fundamentally flawed opinion and educations and experience will bring about a change in this attitude.

3 . Considering women and her sanctity as a mark of family ’s honour, fear of safely marry ing her to a family of same caste, fear of her falling in lov e

with someone else. All these factors not only affect the sex ratio, but also demean women and prev ent economic prosperity , right to freedom and a

honorable growth of women and society .

4. The my th that male children take care of the parents during old age and female children don’t/can’t.

5. Male children v iewed as carriers of family ’s tradition, honour, lineage.

Reply

Keerthi NarayanJuly 24, 201 3 at 7 :1 4 pm

1 Vote

1 .

The first World War came to an end in 1 91 9 with the defeat of Germany , Austria Hungary , Italy to the England-France-Russia-USA alliance. A post

war treaty called the Treaty of Versailles was signed in the palace at Versailles near Paris.

The treaty of Versailles was basically an unfair treaty . It fixed the sole responsibility for the first World War on Germany . It was basically the intention

of France and England to punish Germany to such an extent that it would nev er cause trouble again. The treaty consisted of harsh conditions like:





Demilitarisation of Rhineland

Loss of resource rich Alsace Lorraine to France

Loss of territories in the east to Russia

Loss of Germany ’s African colonies to the League of Nations

Germany was not supposed to build any more war ships

Germany ’s military strength is to be confined to 1 00000

Huge war indemnity of 6600 million pounds was imposed on Germany

Germany should not impose compulsory military training upon its citizens

All these conditions were imposed to ensure that Germany has to undergo moral humiliation and economic, military subordination to the Anglo-

French.Howev er, the intention backfired. The v ery conditions imposed on Germany forcibly was the major reason for the rise of German nationalism

under Hitler. German people were so humbled that Hitler’s ev ery mov e against the Treaty of Versailles was welcomed by the German public with

great cheer.

Thus, the Treaty of Versailles, with which peace was supposed to be established in Europe planted the seeds of hatred among German minds leading to

the second world war.

2. The United Nations Organisation is an international body whose primary responsibility is to maintain world peace. it was with this primary

objectiv e that it was formed post the second World War.

To assess the success of the UNO in maintaining world peace it becomes necessary to define the term “world peace” in the present context. During 1 900-

1 950 the world witnesses two major and horrible wars which resulted in a innumerable loss of liv es and property . The world is a different world now.

Concepts like democracy , dev elopment and international trade hav e gained roots and inv asion of territory , missile power demonstration, spy network

superiority hav e lost ground. The world has become more civ ilised now politically . Hence dangers to world peace are not exactly inv ading of nations by

a powerful nation any more. So in the present scenario, the UN’s success should be assessed by how far it has been successful in maintaining the world

nations’ sov ereignty .

1 . UNO has been successful in prev enting large outbreak of territorial wars.(mostly because countries hav e understood the ill effects of a full blown

war)

2. The post cold war era has seen inv asion of many nations’ sov ereignty by a superior nation and the UN has failed to prev ent such ev ents.

Eg. In the name of eradicating terror cells of Al Quaeda, the US entered Afghansitan post 9/1 1 attacks.

In the name of ousting dictatorship and establishing democracy the US entered Iraq.

In the name of remov ing an autocratic regime (though it is democratically elected), the US is supporting the anti-Sy rian forces in Sy ria.

So if v iewed in terms of av oiding major wars, the UN has been successful. Howev er, the fundamental edifice of modern polity called sov ereignty of a

country and its people has been forcibly breached many a times by the prime funder of the UN and the UN has appallingly failed in this regard.

Reply




Asha GoudJuly 24, 201 3 at 8:35 pm

1 Vote

Q ” The seeds of the World War II were sown at a peace treaty held in a grand Palace in France.” Elaborate.

A. The giv en statements refers to the Treaty of Versailles signed after the World War 1 . Imperial Germany with Austria lost against the allies

countries. With the fall of imperial power in Germany parliamentary gov ernment was established which signed the Peace treaty at Versailles.

The treaty put the entire responsibility of World War 1 on Germany and Germany was now asked to pay for the destruction during the war to the

Allies. The treaty did not go down well with the German people who considered it unfair and German gov ernment failed to maintain people’s support.

1 3% of German territory was occupied by Allies, its resource rich regions like Rhineland, Ruhr and German colonies too were taken away . Germany

was demilitarized.

These harsh prov isions of the treaty lead to an economic slow down and condition of hy perinflation along with large scale unemploy ment in Germany .

People had lost faith in the gov ernment. In such situation of political and economic instability , Hitler was able to raise his Nazi party to power and turn

into dictator. He gained the support of people by bringing the economy back on track. He declared the German people as the higher race and restored

the lost dignity of the people.

Therefore Hitler was able to win support of German population and he acquired such powers that no one could oppose him. He justified his acts as an

attempt to regain the lost dignity to his people.

Reply

Asha GoudJuly 24, 201 3 at 8:36 pm






1 Vote

Q Has UN been successful in maintaining the world peace in the post cold war scenario? Critically discuss

A: In the Post Cold war scenario characterized by absence of the persistent danger war between the conflicting powers. The nature of conflicts is now

majorly ethnic and secessionist.

United nations has gained significance an a major platform for deliberations and discussions between nations in with end of cold war. UN aims to

achiev e and maintain balanced world order and peace. Its peace keeping arm being UNSC which authorizes peace keeping missions to conflict torn

regions.

During Cold War neither USA nor USSR supported the UN peacekeeping howev er with end of cold war USA and Russia readily support peacekeeping.

UN currently maintains its peacekeeping missions in v arious countries and the number of peacekeeping missions has increased post cold war. The

nature of peacekeeping is no more only military but has enlarged to include humanitarian assistance.

The failure of UN peacekeeping is that as it requires a consent of UNSC it sometimes becomes difficult to take up issues where the UNSC permanent

members put their v eto, like the Israel-Palestinian conflict.

With the support of all UN members the peace keeping missions are successful in play ing a major role towards maintaining peaceful world order.

Reply

Anjali MotghareJuly 25, 201 3 at 1 2:1 3 am





1 Vote

” The seeds of the World War II were sown at a peace treaty held in a grand Palace in France.” Elaborate.

1 . Paris Peace Conference was conv ened with the aim of restoring peace in World and not to repeat those mistakes which led to World War I. Howev er

the v ery treaty of Versailles one of which concluded in Peace Conference sowed the seed of dissension and draw World to second World War.

At the Paris Peace Conference Germany was not treated in befitting manner.

Because of Treaty Of Versailles she had to loose one eighth of her

of her territories in Europe and 7 million people together with all her colonies, her nav al force destroy ed and her army was reduced to one lakh,

economically her resources confiscated and she had to pay

war indemnity of 5 billion. This treaty was a dictated peace so after some time German nationalist started v iolating it.

Italy and japan was also discontented with the paris peace treaties. Italy joined the rev isionists and Japan adopted expansionist policies.

France wanted to reduce Germany to a state of extinction but Britain wanted to see her prosperous nation able to maintain balance in Europe,. Thus

Germany got an opportunity to v iolate the conditions of treaty of Versailles and she took the full adv antage of that and took up arms against allied

powers to seek v engeance. Thus started a second world war.


With the end of Cold War, a World become a unipolar and U.S.A. remained sole super power contributing nearly 25 per cent of fund to United Nations.

So whenev er USA wanted it acted in its own interests flouting UN’s norms, leading to failure of UN.

Though UN has been successful in bringing happiness and prosperity through its welfare measure like education, water, sanitation by its v arious arms

but it failed on major issues, which are as follows.

1 . UN ineptly handled Somalia crisis, the war torn country is y et to recov er.

2. In Rwanda genocide, UN itself admitted it failed to safeguard the peoples liv es.

3 .UN failed to prev ent second Congo War where eight nations and twenty fiv e groups were inv olv ed and million civ ilians perished.

4. UN also failed in Sudan were more than fiv e million people killed in civ il war of independence.

5.UN’s failed to prev ent genocide which took place in Srebrenica, a

place in Bosnia & Herzegov ina.

6.The US war on Iraq in 2003 showed that a powerful nation like the US

could simply wish aside global opinion.

7 . UN failed to bring North Korea and Iran on a path of non proliferation despite of many sanctions.

8. Recently in Sy ria UN has not been able to bring reconciliation between gov ernment and opposition and war is continue for more than a y ear which

lead to more than 60,000 civ ilian deaths and much more become refugee.



Reply

Keerthi NarayanJuly 25, 201 3 at 1 :38 am

1 Vote

Somalia, Rwanda are cases of internal problems, aint they ? How do they pose a problem to ‘world’ peace? And in Iran’s case, there has been no proof

so far that its nuclear programs are meant for making warheads. If non-proliferation is a case for threatening world peace, ev en India is a threat to

world peace, know?

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August PeguJuly 25, 201 3 at 1 :25 am

1 Vote

2) Has UN been successful in maintaining the world peace in the post cold war scenario? Critically discuss

answer;-

Since the end of the cold war,there has been a dramatic shift in the number of peace keeping operations as well as maintaining world peace.The UN has

contributed to the settlement of numerous regional conflicts, including the Iran-Iraq War, the South African presence in Namibia, the Sov iet presence

in Afghanistan and the Vietnamese presence in Cambodia.

UN has prov ided a framework for the expulsion of Iraq from Kuwait







.Second, giv en a choice, states contemplating the use of force bey ond their borders often prefer to do it in a multilateral, especially in UN, context.

UN or multilateral approach helps to neutralize domestic political opposition, increases the opportunities to acquire useful allies, reassures the

international community that operations hav e limited and legitimate goals and reduces therisks of large-scale force being used by adv ersaries or riv al

powers.

Third, the UN has some notable adv antages ov er regional organizations in tackling security problems threatening world peace: UN is univ ersal now; it

has a reputation, ev en is it is now under threat, for impartiality ; and it has a more clear set of arrangements for making decisions on security issues

than do most regional organizations,including ev en the powerful North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

Since the end of the Cold War, the ev olution of UN peace operations has created some consequences for the organisation. In some cases it has shown itself

unprepared to adapt to change, while in other instances it has found itself hav ing to deal with situations seemingly bey ond its control.

Yet we hav e to admit the fact that UN has been more or less able to maintain world peace at numerous instances.The most important being prev enting

the world from a nuclear third world war.

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RahulJuly 25, 201 3 at 2:1 0 am

1 Vote

” The seeds of the World War II were sown at a peace treaty held in a grand Palace in France.” Elaborate.

The end of World War I led to the signing of the treaty of Versailles, where the Allied powers led by Britain, France and America forced Germany to sign

the peace treaty . Germany was forced to surrender a major portion of its territory to the Allied countries. Moreov er, they could not keep aircrafts,

nav y and the number of soldiers were limited to 1 lakhs. Germany was humiliated and extremely harsh conditions were imposed on her.

The signing of treaty of Versailles led also to the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Austrian, Russian empires and creation of a set of weak independent

countries. The first WW was ‘a war to end all war’’. Howev er, the treaty failed to achiev e this. Many v ictories countries also felt cheated as their hopes

were not fulfilled. Imperialism, in fact did not end with the signing of the treaty although it led to the creation of the Leaque of Nations.

The reparations that the defeated nations had to pay as per the treaty of Versailles caused enormous bitterness in Germany . It was at this time that the

Nazi party , a nationalist party took the adv antage to form a base in Germany and ultimately form the gov ernment under Hitler which rejected many

post war changes.





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cppcontrolJuly 25, 201 3 at 2:34 am

1 Vote


Post cold war, the UN has recalibrated its traditional field operations into complex multi dimensional enterprise. It has also enlarged its base ; interstate

conflicts to civ il wars. Un peacekeepers are presently undertaking v arious missions from to build sustainable gov ernment institutions, to monitor

human rights v iolation, to security sectors reforms etc.

Howev er, its record in peacekeeping missions to Rwanda, Somalia and former Yugoslav ia were criticized as it failed to adhere its peacekeeping mission

or the peacekeeprs were themselv es not prov ided better resources or political support. As civ ilians causalities rose, the reputation of the UN

peacekeepers also dipped considerably . The setback during those missions led to the Security council to limit the number of peacekeeping missions and

begin a process of self reflection so the mistakes are not repeated again.

With continuing crisis in a number of countries the essential role of peacekeeping was soon reaffirmed although a major exercise followed to initiate

reforms. The UN peacekeepers were deploy ed in countries like Burundi, Liberia, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Sierra Leone, Congo, Haiti, East Timor etc.

They were stretched like nev er before in remote locations, uncertain operating conditions, v olatile political contexts and many more operational

challenges.

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INSIGHTSJuly 22, 201 3 at 7 :1 4 pm


http://borahrahul.wordpress.com/







Rate This Response!

In fact, post Fukushima, there is lot more opposition to nuclear deal than it was before.

http://carnegieendowment.org/201 2/09/27 /india-s-role-in-asia-pacific/e2sx

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/1 0.1 080/097 001 607 01 7 40546#.Ue03GdJkNv Q

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INSIGHTSJuly 23, 201 3 at 9:09 am

4 Votes

1 ) The question demands both ‘in spite of’ and ‘in opposition to’ – so the support of economic class to the national mov ement should be emphasized as it

shows they were opposed to colonialism.

2) Critically Analy ze, Critically Examine are the common phrases we encounter in Mains questions. There is a fine difference between them.

Critically :, Critically means making a careful, unbiased, fair judgement about the good and bad qualities of something.

Examine : it is a careful study (inspection/observ ation) of something try ing to know if there is any thing wrong and find the cause of the problem.

Analy ze: to examine methodically the structure or nature of something by separating it into parts and study ing their relationship. When y ou are

asked to analy ze, y ou hav e to examine each part of the problem. It is a broader term than ‘Examine’.

Now, when y ou are asked to,

critically examine: y ou are asked to make a fair judgement by observ ing or inspecting both good and bad qualities, and find their causes.

Example: “In the context of the growing demands for the ban of endosulfan in the country ,’critically examine‘ the issues inv olv ed.What, in y our v iew,

should be done in the matter?” (201 2, Paper-I)

http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/09/27/india-s-role-in-asia-pacific/e2sx

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09700160701740546#.Ue03GdJkNvQ






Here, y ou need to carefully judge whether ban on endosulfan is justified. Both good and bad of endosulfan use and its ban. After observ ing the problem,

find the cause and offer solution.

Critically Analy ze:

You need to judge based on the examination of all parts of the question/problem.

Example: “Analy ze critically the ‘interlinkages’ between the Conv ention on Biodiv ersity and FAO treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and

Agriculture.”

As analy sis inv olv es separating something into parts and examining their relationship, the question directly demands the same. Observ e the word

‘interlinkages’. So, first examine CBD and FAO treaties separately , then observ e if both are in harmony with each other or there is any conflict between

them (they are in harmony ). Then conclude y our answer with y our fair judgement.

Reply

Keerthi NarayanJuly 24, 201 3 at 1 2:05 am

1 Vote

That’s the + of doing this. We all can learn a lot from each other, refine ourselv es. Im glad.

Reply

Asha GoudJuly 24, 201 3 at 8:27 am







1 Vote

Hi Anjali,

there was so much i wanted to put in answer 2 but due to word limit had to cut down, it becomes difficult

also i wanted to put how northern states differ from southern states and the states hav ing majority tribal population.

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