INSIDE THIS ISSUE NUMBER 2 • 2010 & YouYurCthe effects of insulin, individuals can develop type 2...
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& Your Child INSIDE THIS ISSUE CNRC puts focus on environment through recycling efforts 2 Volunteer Opportunities 2 NUMBER 2 • 2010 (Continued on page 4) (Continued on page 2) Aerobic exercise has lifelong impacts A moderate aerobic exercise program can alter the metabolism of sugar in children and adolescents, reducing their risk of heart disease and diabetes later in life, according to experts at the USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine. The study results are published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Researchers studied sedentary Hispanic adolescents who participated in a 12-week (Continued on page 3) Boy Scout badge program teaches healthy lifestyle When most people think of the Boy Scout motto “Be Prepared,” they think of outdoor skills, but recently some scouts worked toward obtaining badges in nutrition or physical fitness to better prepare them for lifelong health. Badge programs that combine in-troop and online activities to promote healthy eating or physical activity showed positive results in fruit and 100 percent juice consumption and activity levels, according to experts at the USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Bristol (UK) in two studies published in the journal Preventive Medicine. Forty-two Houston-area Boy Scout troops participated in one of two badge programs—a Five-A-Day badge program that promoted fruit, 100 percent juice, and vegetable consumption or a Fit-For-Life badge program that encouraged physical activity. Half of the troops were randomly assigned to the nine-week Five-A-Day badge program, which included about 30 minutes of in-troop activity time and 25 minutes of Internet-based programming per week. “We incorporated recipe preparation and tasting into the troop time because we know that exposure to different foods is a way to increase preference, which is associated with greater fruit and vegetable consumption,” said Debbe Thompson, Ph.D., USDA/ARS scientist and assistant professor of pediatrics at BCM and lead author for one of the studies. “The recipes were quick, easy to prepare, and tasted good. The scouts enjoyed making them, and they especially ENCOURAGE A POSITIVE SELF-IMAGE TO KEEP KIDS ACTIVE C hildren and adolescents who have a positive sense of their athletic identity are more likely to be physically active—information that parents can use as an effective tool in the fight against obesity. “Self-identity, which includes athletic identity and self-image, starts when a child is born so it’s important for parents to see that they can encourage the development of these positive views. In fact, parents are a strong influence on how children see themselves,” said Cheryl Braselton Anderson, Ph.D., assistant professor of pediatrics at Baylor College of Medicine and a researcher at the USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center at BCM. Anderson has conducted studies that established the relationship between athletic identity and physical activity—or the sense of one’s self as being athletic—and participation in team sports. Her most recent study appeared in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. exercise program. Later, they compared the insulin levels in lean and obese teens. Insulin controls the level of sugar in the bloodstream, to maintain the level of the sugar glucose within a normal range. When the body resists the effects of insulin, individuals can develop type 2 diabetes. Once rare, type 2 diabetes in teens is being seen more commonly. “Obesity can increase the risk of develop- ing type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome,”
Transcript of INSIDE THIS ISSUE NUMBER 2 • 2010 & YouYurCthe effects of insulin, individuals can develop type 2...
Nutrition& Your Child
INSIDE THIS ISSUECNRC puts focus on environment
through recycling efforts . . . . . 2
Volunteer Opportunities . . . . . . 2
NUMBER 2 • 2010
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Aerobic exercisehas lifelong impacts
Amoderateaerobicexerciseprogramcanalterthemetabolismofsugarinchildrenandadolescents,reducingtheirriskofheartdiseaseanddiabeteslaterinlife,accordingtoexpertsattheUSDA/ARSChildren’sNutritionResearchCenteratBaylorCollegeofMedicine.ThestudyresultsarepublishedinThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. ResearchersstudiedsedentaryHispanicadolescentswhoparticipatedina12-week
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Boy Scout badge programteaches healthy lifestyle
WhenmostpeoplethinkoftheBoyScoutmotto“BePrepared,”theythinkofoutdoorskills,butrecentlysomescoutsworkedtowardobtainingbadgesinnutritionorphysicalfitnesstobetterpreparethemforlifelonghealth. Badgeprogramsthatcombinein-troopandonlineactivitiestopromotehealthyeatingorphysicalactivityshowedpositiveresultsinfruitand100percentjuiceconsumptionandactivitylevels,accordingtoexpertsattheUSDA/ARSChildren’sNutritionResearchCenteratBaylorCollegeofMedicineandtheUniversityofBristol(UK)intwostudiespublishedinthejournalPreventive Medicine. Forty-twoHouston-areaBoyScouttroopsparticipatedinoneoftwobadgeprograms—aFive-A-Daybadgeprogramthatpromotedfruit,100percentjuice,andvegetableconsumptionoraFit-For-Lifebadgeprogramthatencouragedphysicalactivity. Halfofthetroopswererandomlyassignedtothenine-weekFive-A-Daybadge
program,whichincludedabout30
minutesofin-troopactivitytimeand25
minutesofInternet-basedprogrammingperweek. “Weincorporatedrecipepreparationandtastingintothetrooptimebecauseweknowthatexposuretodifferentfoodsisawaytoincreasepreference,whichisassociatedwithgreaterfruitandvegetableconsumption,”saidDebbeThompson,Ph.D.,USDA/ARSscientistandassistantprofessorofpediatricsatBCMandleadauthorforoneofthestudies.“Therecipeswerequick,easytoprepare,andtastedgood.Thescoutsenjoyedmakingthem,andtheyespecially
EncouragE a positivE sElf-imagE to kEEp kids activE
Childrenandadolescentswhohaveapositivesenseoftheirathleticidentityaremorelikelytobephysicallyactive—informationthat
parentscanuseasaneffectivetoolinthefightagainstobesity. “Self-identity,whichincludesathleticidentityandself-image,startswhenachildisbornsoit’simportantforparentstoseethattheycanencouragethedevelopmentofthesepositiveviews.Infact,parentsareastronginfluenceonhowchildrenseethemselves,”saidCherylBraseltonAnderson,Ph.D.,assistantprofessorofpediatricsatBaylorCollegeofMedicineandaresearcherattheUSDA/ARSChildren’sNutritionResearchCenteratBCM. Andersonhasconductedstudiesthatestablishedtherelationshipbetweenathleticidentityandphysicalactivity—orthesenseofone’sselfasbeingathletic—andparticipationinteamsports.HermostrecentstudyappearedintheAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine.
exerciseprogram.Later,theycomparedtheinsulinlevelsinleanandobeseteens.Insulincontrolsthelevelofsugarinthebloodstream,tomaintainthelevelofthesugarglucosewithinanormalrange.Whenthebodyresiststheeffectsofinsulin,individualscandeveloptype2diabetes.Oncerare,type2diabetesinteensisbeingseenmorecommonly. “Obesitycanincreasetheriskofdevelop-ingtype2diabetesandmetabolicsyndrome,”
VolunteersHouston-area residents are invited to participate in the following nutrition research projects designed to help CNRC scientists learn more about the nutritional needs of children. Free transportation and parking are available.
Childhood and adolesCent Growth and development studies
CELL PHONE SURVEY NEW!CellphoneusersareneededtocompleteashortInternetsurvey.Wearedesigningacellphonegametoteachfoodparentingskillstoparentsof3-to5-year-oldchildren.Wewanttoknowwhethercellphoneuserswouldbeinterestedinsuchagame,whatproblemstheyanticipateandwhatwewouldhavetodotomakecellphone
DHA FOR CHILDRENHealthychildren,5to12yearsold,areneededfora48-weekstudyexaminingacertaintypeoffattyacid(anomega-3fattyacidcalledDHA)inthedietofchildren.BecausedietaryDHAisusuallylowinchildrenandmayaffecttheircognitivefunction,wewishtodetermineifDHAlevelscanbeincreasedbyaDHAsupplement.ThestudyincludessevenvisitstotheCNRC.Therewillbethreeblooddraws(onceatthebeginning,againafter8weeksandoneattheend).Compensationprovided.CallMarilyn,713-798-7002.
GIRLS ONLYHealthygirls,ages5to7years,areneededtoparticipateinaresearchprojectonfemalehormones.Freephysicalexam,labsandstipendprovided.ContactBetty,[email protected].
HEALTHY KIDS PROGRAMHealthyKids-HoustonisafreecommunityprogramtopromoteahealthylifestyleamongchildrenlivinginHouston.Theprogramisbeing
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saidAgnetaSunehag,M.D.,Ph.D.,associateprofessorofpediatricsatBCMandseniorauthorofthestudy.Metabolicsyndromeisacollectionofproblemsincludingabdominalobesity,adecreasedabilitytoprocessglucose,alsocalledinsulinresistance,abnormallevelsoffatsorlipidsinthebloodandhighbloodpressure.Thesetakentogethercanincreasetheriskofdiabetesandheartdisease. Teenagersinthestudyhadtwo,30-minuteexercisesessionsperweekattheChildren’sNutritionResearchCenterandtwoadditionalsessionsathome,wheretheyworeheartratemonitorstoensuretheyexercisedfortheappropriateamountoftime.Researchersfocusedontheimpactofexerciseoninsulinlevelsratherthanweightloss. Bytheendoftheprogram,eventhoughnoneoftheteenslostweight,bothobeseandleanadolescentshadincreasedtheirinsulinsensitivityandasaresulttheirabilitytomaintainpropersugarlevelsintheblood.Theobeseadolescentsalsoshowedadecreaseinabdominalfatwhichiscorrelatedwithinsulinresistance. Sunehagandcolleaguesarenowdeterminingwhetheranexerciseandweightlossprogramwillaffectobeseadolescents’insulinlevelsandsusceptibilitytotype2diabetesandotherhealthproblems. OtherswhotookpartinthestudyincludeGert-JanvanderHeijdenofBCM,GiannaToffoloandEricaManessooftheUniversityofPadovainItalyandPieterJ.J.SaueroftheUniversityofGroningeninTheNetherlands. FundingforthisstudycamefromtheNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment.
cnrc puts focus on EnvironmEntthrough rEcycling Efforts
A ttheCNRC,notonlyareweconductingresearchthatimpactstoday’schildren,wearealsotakingproactivestepstolimitourimpactontheenvironment.
Thisyearmarkedthe40thanniversaryofEarthDay(April22),andtheCNRChastakenproactivestepsinlimitingitscarbonfootprint.TheCNRCimplementedtheenviornmentalmanagementprogramin2006andrecyclespaper,cardboard,batteries,toner,plasticandaluminumandtakesanaggressiveapproachinreducingourenergyandwaterconsumption. Throughthecommitmentofouremployees,thefollowingaccomplishmentshavebeenmet:
• Morethan50,000poundsofrecycledpaper• Over3,500poundsofcardboardrecycled• Morethan350tonersrecycled
Annualenergyconsumptionreductionhasbeenimplementedsincethebuildingwasoccupiedin1988. TheCNRC,togetherwithotherinstitutionsintheTexasMedicalCenter,remainactiveinsucheffortsandhavelimitedourenvironmentalimpact.Together,professionallyandpersonallywecandoourpart.Formoreinformationpleasereview:www.epa.gov/.
aErobic ExErcisE (continued from page 1)
userswanttoplayit.Thisanonymous,completelyvoluntaryInternetsurveywilltakenomorethan10minutes.Ifyouareinterested,pleasegotowww.cnrcparentsurvey.com.
HEALTH DISCUSSIONS NEW!White5thgradersinpublicschools,ortheirparents,areneededfora1½to2hourfocusgroupdiscussionaboutwhatthereasonsareforthekindsandamountsoffoodsweeatandtheamountofphysicalactivitywedo.Stipendprovided.CallNilda,713-798-6737.LACTATION STUDY NEW!Wearelookingforpregnantmotherswhoarehealthy,between13and35yearsofage,whowillexclusivelybreastfeedforthefirsttwomonthsandwhowillbedeliveringatSt.Luke’s
orBenTaubHospitals.Ourresearchstudywillinvestigatefactors(theregulationofgeneexpression)thataffectbreastmilkproductionduringthefirstsixweeks.Financialcompensationprovided.ContactJanettefordetails,713-798-
offeredtochildren9to12yearsofageatselectHoustonParksandRecreationDepartmentcommunitycenters.Childrenintheprogramwilltakepartinafter-schoolenrichmentprograms.Somecommunitycenterswillofferadditionalphysicalactivity,nutritionandbehaviorlessons.FormoreinformationcontactMercedesAlejandro,713-798-7007.
SQUIRE’S QUEST! II 4thand5thgradeboysandgirlsareneededforastudytoplaya10-episodecomputergameaboutfruitsandvegetables.ChildrenmustbefluentinEnglishandhaveane-mailaddress,accesstohigh-speedInternetconnectionandaparentwhoiswillingtoparticipateinthestudy.Parentswillreceivenewslettersandaccesstoawebsiteonhealthynutrition.ParentmaterialsareavailableinEnglishandSpanish.Stipendprovidedforbothparentandchild.CallMarilyn,713-798-7002.
SUGAR AND FAT METABOLISMVolunteersareneededforastudyonsugarandfatmetabolism.ResearchersarelookingforHispanicfemalesbetween13and17yearsofagewhohaveasedentarylifestyleandarenotonanymedications.Participantsmustnothaveaparentorsiblingwithdiabetesorhighbloodsugar.Compensationprovided.CallMarilyn,713-798-7002.
TEENS IN ACTION ONLINE SURVEYChildrenandteens,ages11to13and15to17yearsold,areneededforanonlinesurveyaboutphysicalactivity.MustbefluentinEnglishandhaveInternetaccessandane-mailaddress.Compensationisprovided.CallMarilyn,713-798-7002.
VITAMIN D STUDYNormalweightchildrenages4to8yearsoldareneededforanutrientabsorptionstudyoncalciumandvitaminD.Childrenshouldbehealthy,notonmedicationsandwillingtohavetwoblooddraws(numbingcreamsandspraysareavailable).Thestudyincludes8weeksofdailyvitaminsupplementationandtwoovernightstudyvisits(24hours)atTexasChildren’sHospital.Stipendprovided.CallMarilyn,713-798-7002.
Wii VIDEO GAME STUDY 9-to12-yearoldboysandgirlsmaybeeligibletoparticipateina6monthstudytounderstandhowvideogamesinfluencechildren’sphysicalactivity.MustbefluentinEnglish.Stipendprovided.CallMarilyn,713-798-7002.
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positivE sElf-imagE (continued from page 1)
Thisstudyexaminedthecontributionofathleticidentitytochildren’sphysicalactivityandteamsportsparticipationamong1,339studentsingradesfour,five,sevenandeight.Sinceachild’sgender,raceandweightstatus(BodyMassIndex,orBMI)mayaffecttheirathleticidentityandsportsparticipation,thestudyalsoinvestigatedtheassociationofthesevariablesonchildren’sphysicalactivity. StudyparticipantscompletedanAthleticIdentityQuestionnaire,whichmeasuredtheirself-perceptionsofathleticappearance;competence;importanceofphysicalactivityandsports;andencouragementreceivedfromparents,teachersandfriends. “Wefoundthatoverandabovegender,raceandBMI,positiveathleticidentityisstillhighlypredictiveofactivityandteampartici-pation,”Andersonsaid.“That’simportantbecauseitshowsthatwecancultivateapositiveself-viewregardlessofyourchild’ssex,ethnicityorweightstatus.” ApreviousstudybyAndersonandcolleaguesfromBCMandDukeUniversitystudiedasampleof681parentsof433fourth-andfifth-gradersfrom12Houstonschools.Theyfoundthatbothboysandgirlswhoseparentsconveyedtheimportanceofhigh-intensityteamsportswatchedlessTVandspentlesstimeontheircomputers.However,boy’sactivitylevelswerehigherthangirlswhenbothteamsportsandindividualsportswereendorsed. “Thisstudyindicatedthatboysareencouragedmorethangirlstoparticipateincertainsportsandstrenuousactivities,”Andersonsaid.Andersonencouragedparentstothinkoutsidetheboxwhentryingtofindphysicalactivitiesfortheirchildren.Notallkidsandteens
areinterestedinorskilledinsportslikebaseballandbasketball.Butthereareotheropportunities,likecyclingorfunruns.Itisimportantforchildrentoseethemselvesasathletic,Andersonsaid,becauseitwillhelpthemtoremainphysicallyactiveovertime,evenintoadulthood.Routinephysicalactivityproduceslong-termhealthbenefits. “Peoplewhoseethemselvesasphysicallyactivecontinuetobeconsistentlyactiveovertheirlifetime,”shesaid. Childhoodobesityisaserioushealthissuethathasbeenlinked
withcardiovascularandrespiratorydisease,type2diabetesandcertaincancers. CurrentrecommendationsfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)callforonehourormoreofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivityeachdayforschool-agedchildrenandadolescents. “Parentsarecrucialagentsinexcitingandmotivatingchildren,buildingtheirconfidenceandmakingphysicalactivityapositivepartoftheirlives,”saidAnderson.“Parentsaretheinitialarchitectsofachild’sathleticidentity.” OtherswhotookpartinthisstudyincludedHongZhang,M.S.,andShineChange,Ph.D.,oftheM.D.AndersonCancerCenter;LouiseC.Masse,oftheUniversityofBritishColumbia;andKarenColeman,Ph.D.,oftheSouthernCaliforniaPermanenteMedicalGroup.ResearchwassupportedbygrantsfromtheCancerResearchFoundationofAmerica,theAmericanCancerSociety,theCurtisHankamerBasicResearchFundatBaylorCollegeofMedicine,theNationalCancerInstituteandtheAmericanHeartAssociation.
USDA/ARS CHILDREN’S NUTRITION RESEARCH CENTER
OfficeofPublicAffairsBaylorCollegeofMedicineOneBaylorPlaza,Suite176BHouston,Texas77030-3411
______________Non-Profit
OrganizationU.S.Postage
PAIDHouston,TexasPermit1492______________
boy scouts (continued from page 1) Nutrition & Your ChildispublishedquarterlybyBaylorCollegeofMedicineasaresearchandinformationupdateforthegeneralpublicandCentervolunteersandsupporters.
SendcommentsorchangeofaddressinformationtoNutritionResearchCenter,1100BatesStreet,Houston,TX77030-2600.E-mail:[email protected]
Center DirectorDennisM.Bier,M.D.
Publication AdvisorsJaniceC.Baranowski,M.P.H.,R.D.KarenW.Cullen,Dr.P.H.,R.D.MichaelA.Grusak,Ph.D.BillC.Heird,M.D.JasonA.Mendoza,M.D.,M.P.H.TeresiaMargaretaO’Connor,M.D.,M.P.H.JaniceE.Stuff,Ph.D.,R.D.RobertA.Waterland,Ph.D.
EditorsDipaliPathakandDanaBensonOfficeofPublicAffairs,BaylorCollegeofMedicine
TheChildren’sNutritionResearchCenterisoperatedbyBaylorCollegeofMedicine,incooperationwithTexasChildren’sHospital,fortheAgriculturalResearchServiceoftheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture.
enjoyedeatingtheitemstheyprepared,”shesaid. TheInternetcomponentoftheprogramwasdevelopedtoteachself-regulatoryskillssuchasgoalsetting,selfmonitoringandproblemsolving.RolemodelingstoriesintheInternetprogramfocusedonBoyScoutcharacterswhodemonstratedhowtoovercomebarrierstoreachtheirgoalsusingskillslikenegotiatingandproblemsolving. Researcherssawincreasesinfruitand100percentjuiceconsumption,unfortunatelytheywerenotmaintainedsixmonthsaftertheprogramended. IntheFit-For-Lifebadgeprogram,BoyScoutsparticipatedinthesamestructureofin-troopandInternetactiv-ities,butfocusedonin-troopphysicalactivity,Internet-basedgoalsettingandproblemsolvingforincreasingphysicalactivity. Thisprogramresultedinadecreaseinsedentarybehaviorandanincreaseinlight-intensityactivities. Pointswereawardedforpartici-patinginthetroopandweb-based
activities.Thosewhoreceived70per-centormorepointsreceivedabadge. “Combiningin-troopandInternetbasedactivitiesmaybeaneffectivewaytoreachBoyScouts,”saidThompson.“Thisisexcitingbecauseitgivesusinsightintohowtodesignprogramstohelpscoutsmakehealthylifestylechoices.” “Internet-basedrolemodelingstoriesthatresonatewithparticipantsmayhelpthemachievethesamegoalsasin-troopactivities,butdonotrequiretraveltoaspecificlocation.Therefore,theyaremoreconvenient,”saidThompson. OtherswhotookpartinthestudiesincludeDr.TomBaranowski,JaniceBaranowski,Dr.KarenCullen,Dr.KathyWatsonandYanLiuofBCM,andDr.RussellJagooftheUniversityofBristol. TheresearchwasfundedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyandtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture/AgriculturalResearchService.
![th Anniversary Special Issues (2): Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes … · 2017-04-30 · DIABETES MELLITUS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS Obesity is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus[10].](https://static.fdocuments.us/doc/165x107/5ed2ced39c95614861233626/th-anniversary-special-issues-2-type-2-diabetes-type-2-diabetes-2017-04-30.jpg)