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Transcript of Insert Filepath here International Symposium on Environmental Issues Industrial Pollution Control...
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International Symposium on Environmental Issues
Industrial Pollution Control and Risk Management
September 28 & 29 2004
Jack O’Keeffe - PM Group Ireland
2
Pollution & Risk Directives
• 96/61/EC IPPC• 96/62/EC Air Framework Directive• 96/82/EC Seveso (Major Accidents)• 97/11/EC EIA• 99/13/EC Volatile Organic Compounds• 2000/60/EC Water Framework Directive• 2000/76/EC Incineration of Waste• 2001/80/EC Large Combustion Plants• 2003/35/EC Public Participation• 2003/87 Emissions Trading (GHGs)• ……and many more
3
IPPC
• Prevent/control Pollution• From Industrial plants (not products)• Through permits• Based on Best Available Techniques
(BATs)• With experience exchange (BREFs)
and public information (EPER)
4
Air Framework Directive
• Requires AQ improvement plans – Identify main sources– Implies restriction on development
• EQS criteria set – Including vulnerable “historic heritage”
• Emission sources to be mapped
5
Seveso Directive
• Applies if inventory of dangerous substances is over a threshold
• Requires – a safety plan – public emergency planning– exclusion zone for development
• Appropriate risk management conditions are required for non-Seveso Sites under IPPC
6
EIA Directive
• New or changed IPPC installations require EIA
• Some non IPPC Developments req EIA• Paralell Public Participation Requirements• IEA / EIA allow for construction, IPPC allows
for operation• SEA Directive addresses regional planning
7
VOC Directives
• Requires a Mass Balance or Solvent Management plan
• Focus on Fugitive emissions
• 1994/63/EC (VOC from Petrol) sets out specific requirements for terminals and refineries.
8
Water Framework Directive
• Integrates requirements of prior directives• Requires BAT, ELVs, BEP (Art 10.2)• Enforces EQS, classification of zones• Adds priority substances (Art 22.5)
– given in decision 2455/2001/EC– 44 specified, eg Atrazine, Lindane
9
Waste Incineration
• Sets out BAT for incinerators• Sets out monitoring requirements• Requires implementation – no transition
period• Applies to municipal incinerators and
Cements plant involved in co-incineration – Burning tyres, ecofuel, petcoke etc
10
LCP Directive
• Sets Sox Nox and Particle emission limits
• Sets reduction targets (member states)
• Sets Monitoring and Reporting obligations on operators and authorities
11
Public Participation• Implements Aarhus convention• Amends IPPC
– Clarifies “Significant change”– Requires openness & transparency– Requires authorities’ decisions to be justified.
• Adds an Annex V to IPPC which requires: – Early notification– Complete notification– Taking of comments into account– Timeframes to favour Public Participation
12
Emissions Trading Directive• States have national quota of GHG to be traded
internally or internationally
• No emission limits may be set in the IPPC permit for GHGs– Unless necessary to protect environment
• GHG emission trading linked to renewable option certificates (ROCs)
13
Others
• Waste • Asbestos• Nitrates – Vulnerable Zones• Habitats and ASIs• Reporting Directive
14
Pollution reduction
Best Available Techniques:
Annex IV of the IPPC Directive
• use of less hazardous substances,
• low waste options,
• recovery,
• recycling and
• reuse of substances generated
Emphasis on pollution prevention
Described in EU Bref notes and national BAT guides
15
Solutions
• BAT
• Modelling
• Management Systems
16
BAT Assessment Required?
Process Assessment
END
>1 BAT No BAT Other Than BAT
Meets BAT guide?
Why?
BAT Options Appraisal
or
17
Assessment Process
18
BAT OPTION APPRAISAL
BAT Options
BAT Selected
Evident?
Scope of Assessment
Emissions Inventory
Quantify impacts
Comparison of Options
Cost Assessment
19
Hazard ID & Risk Assessment
20
Node
21
Dispersion Modelling• Air
– Point Emissions – Accidental Releases– Immissions
• Water– PC Quasar
• Groundwater– Phast (beta)
• Noise– Offsite impacts
22
Management Systems
• Quality – ISO 9000
• Environment – ISO 14000 – EMAS
• Safety – OHSAS 18000
23
The new order
• Partnership between Industry and Society– Co-operative approach to permits and
environment– More pro-active industry– More public scrutiny– More transparency– Respect for internal and external market