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Aging: A Vital ProcessChapter 22

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Aging

The process of becoming older, a process that isgenetically determined by t profoundly affectedby ones environment.

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Generating Vitality As You Age

Physical and mental change occur gradually,over a lifetime.

What Happens as you age?

Characteristics associated with aging are not dueto aging at all.

Result of neglect and abuse of our bodies and minds

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Table 22.1 Americans Who Rate TheirHealth as Fair or Poor, 2007

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Life-Enhancing measures: Age-

Proofing

Challenge your mind Older adults who stay mentally active have a lower

risk of developing dementia Reading Doing puzzles Learning language Studying music

Develop Physical Fitness Enhances both psychological and physical health

Eat Wisely Eating a varied diet full of nutrient-rich foods Follow the recommendations in the 2005 Dietary

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Life-Enhancing measures: Age-Proofing Maintain a Healthy Weight

A program that expends more calories through

exercise, cutting calorie intake, or a combination ofboth.

Control Drinking and Overdependence onMedications

Dont Smoke Schedule Physical Examinations to Detect

Treatable Diseases Recognize and Reduce Stress

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Dealing With The Changes Of Aging

Planning for Social Changes

Retirement

Important relationships

Developing satisfying interests outside work

Saving for an adequate retirement income

Changing Roles and Relationships Increased Leisure Time

The Economics of Retirement

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Adapting to Physical Changes Hearing Loss Vision Changes

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Slow disintegration of the macula (tissue at the center of the

retina) Presbyopia Cataracts

Arthritis 100 different types of arthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most common

Menopause Usually occurs during a womans forties or fifties Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)

Osteoporosis

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Handling Psychological and MentalChanges Dementia

Brain deterioration in elderly individuals

Affects 7% of people under the age of 80

Two types of dementia

1. Alzheimers disease

a. By changed in brain nerve cells

2. Multi-infarct dementia

a. Series of small strokes or changes in the brainsblood supply that destroy brain tissue

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Handling Psychological and MentalChanges Grief

Dealing with grief and morning

Aging is associated with loss

Depression

Unresolved grief can lead to depression, a

common problem in older adults

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Aging And Life Expectancy

Life expectancy

Average length of time we can expect to live.

2006 Life expectancy for the total populationwas 78.1 years

Average life expectancy of white Americans is 78.5years

Average life expectancy of black Americans is 73.6years

Maximum Life span 100-120 years

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Life In An Aging America

Americas Aging Minority

People 65 and over are a large minority

Over 37.3 million people

About 12% of the total population in 2006

Expected to double by 2030

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Figure 22.2 A Statistical Look At OlderAmericans

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Table 22.3 Percentage of Older

Americans with Chronic Conditions,2005

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Family and Community Resources for

Older Adults

66% of noninstitutionalized older Americans livewith a spouse or family member.

30% live alone

Only 4% live in institutional setting

Over the age of 85, about 15% live in a nursing

home.

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Family and Community Resources forOlder Adults Family Involvement in Caregiving

Medical power of attorney Other Living and Care Options

Community Resources Senior citizens centers or adult day-care centers Homemaker services Visiting nurses Household services Friendly visitor or daily telephone reassurance services

Home food delivery Adult day hospital care Low-cost legal aid Transportation services Case management

Transportation

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Family and Community Resources forOlder Adults Governmental Aid and Policies

Food stamps

Housing subsides Social Security Medicare

Two parts of funding Payroll deduction by FICA tax

Monthly premiums paid by people who choose to enroll

Pays about 30% of the medical costs of older Americans

Medicaid Changing the Publics Idea of Aging

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Chapter 22

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