26

Figures continued

Key to Immature Aquatic Insects or Invertebrates

Things you should know before using this key.

(nymph)

(nymph)

Figure 2. Key to Immature Aquatic Insects. Klamath River Education Program ©1992.

27

A KE

Y TO

IMM

ATUR

E AQ

UATIC

INVE

RTEB

RATE

S - P

age

1

A

Go

to 1

B, b

elow

B

Go

to 1

C,

belo

w

C

Figure 2., Continued / Klamath River Educational Program ©1992

28

A KE

Y TO

IMMA

TURE

AQU

ATIC

INVE

RTEB

RATE

S - P

age

2

A

Go

to 2

B, b

elow

G

o to

2B

, bel

ow

B

OR

YE

S Y

ES

C

Klamath River Educational Program ©1992

29

30

31

AOUATIC INVERTEBRATES THAT ARE GENERALLY TOLERANT OF WATER POLLUTION (found commonly in pool or depositional areas

Dragonflies (Odonata)

of streams or rivers)

Aquatic Sow Bugs (Isopoda)

Damselflies (Odonata)

Craneflies (Tipulidae)

Blackflies (Simuliidae)

Midges (Chironomidae)

R.W. Plotnikoff

Sideswimmers (Amphipoda)

Leeches (Hirudinea) Flatworms

(Turbellaria)

Aquatic Beetles (Coleoptera)

Washington State Department of Ecology Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services

Olympia, WA 98504

Bivalves (Pelecypoda)

Figure 4. Aquatic Invertebrates Tolerant

to Water Pollution. Klamath River Educational Program @1992

Snails (Gastropoda)

32

AOUATIC INVERTEBRATES THAT ARE GENERALLY SENSITIVE TO WATER POLLUTION (found commonly in moderate to fast running areas of streams or rivers)

Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)

Stoneflies (Plecoptera)

R.W. Plotnikoff

Caddisflies (Trichoptera)

Washington State Department of Ecology Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services

Olympia, WA 98504 . Figure 5. Aquatic Invertebrates Sensitive to Water Pollution.

Klamath River Educational Program @1992

Salmonflies (Megaloptera)

33

MAYFLY EXTERNAL ANATOMY

FEMUR

Figure 6. Mayfly External Anatomy / Klamath River Educational Program @1992

34

MAYFLY EXTERNAL ANATOMY

Figure 6A. Mayfly External Anatomy / Klamath River Educational Program @1992

35

FOOD PROCESSING IN STREAMS

---+ Direction of energy

flow or "eaten by"

Contributes to FPOM

( )Food source

Feeding group

Coarse Particulate Organic Matter

(CPOM) leaves. needles. cones.

and twigs

Fine Particulate Organic Matter

(FPOM) fecal pellets. plant

fragments

I other microbes I 1 other microbes

L--------1 I L---------

Shredders I Examples: L Organic case caddis Cranetoes Dull color stoneflles

Moat often found: Leaf packs Water-logged wood Headwater streams

Collectors

Examples: Net-spinning caddis Midge larvae Blackfly larvae Mayflies

Most often found: · On rocks andin mud

Lower stream reaches

Scrapers

Examples: Mineralcase caddis Snails Mayflies

Moat often found: Rocks Open-canopied areas Mid-stream reaches

Examples:Mottled stoneflies,beetle larvae,dragonfly larvae,free-IMng caddis,fish Most often found:Throughout stream

Figure 7. Food Processing In Streams Adapted from:Ken Cummins,"From Headwater Streams to Rivers," American Biology Teacher,May 1977, p. 307

36

ROSG

EN S

TREA

M

CH

AN

NEL

TY

PES

C &

D

ROSG

EN S

TREA

M

CH

AN

NEL

TYP

ES B

& C

RO

SGEN

STR

EAM

C

HA

NN

EL T

YPES

A &

B

THE RIVER CONTINUUM

CPOM = Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Figure 8. The River Continuum Adapted with

permission . . .