Innovative Advanced Composite Materials for Various Industries · Carbon Fiber Properties UMT is a...
Transcript of Innovative Advanced Composite Materials for Various Industries · Carbon Fiber Properties UMT is a...
Innovative Advanced Composite Materials for Various Industries
2017
UMATEX Group includes the following entities that provides 95% carbon fiber production in Russia:
• Management Company NPK Khimprominzhiniring, JSC, Moscow
• ALABUGA-FIBRE, LLC - a state-of-the-art plant manufacturing carbon fiber in the special economic
zone, Alabuga, Republic of Tatarstan. The capacity of the line producing carbon fibers of different
grades amounts to more than 1,400 tones per year. The plant was officially opened in May of 2015;
• Argon, LLC, Balakovo, Saratov Region - a plant producing carbon fibers for defense enterprises,
nuclear, aviation, rocket and space and civil industries;
• ZUKM, LLC, Chelyabinsk - a plant producing carbon-based composites, carbon fiber reinforced
plastics, heat insulating carbon materials;
• R&D center, NPK Khimprominzhiniring, JSC, Moscow - the center is involved in developing and
integrating technologies for production PAN precursor and carbon fiber.
UMATEX Group is a management company and part of a new promising
Composite Materials Division of “ROSATOM” State Corporation.
Its’s comprising an R&D centre and enterprises manufacturing high-
strength and high-modulus carbon fibers (CF) and CF fabrics, was set up
to form a market of composite materials in Russia.
About UMATEX Group
Types of products UMATEX Group
Carbon Fibers
PAN-precursor
Polymer Resins
Fabrics
Prepregs
Definition of Composite Materials
Composite materials — non-
homogenous solid materials consisting
of two components: reinforcing
component and matrix providing joint
work of reinforcing components.
Reinforcing component (fiber,
particles, etc.) defines mechanical
characteristics of a material:
strength, stiffness and deformability.
Matrix (resin) provides monolithic
character of a material, stress transition
in reinforcing component elements and
resistance to various exposures.
Features of composite materials:
• Two and more components
• Clear interphase boundary
• New unique properties different from properties
of its components
• Non-homogenous in a microscale, but
homogenous in a macroscale
• Composition, form and distribution of
components are designed in advance
Reinforcingcomponent
Matrix
Classification of Composite Materials
By mechanical structure
Dispersion-reinforced or dispersion-
strengthened (with a filler in the form
of finely dispersed particles)
Fibrous (reinforced with fibers or
filamentary crystals)
Layered (reinforced with films,
plates, fabrics; the filler and the
matrix are located in layers)
By matrix nature
Ceramic (CCM)
Polymer (PCM) Carbon-carbon (CCCM)
Metal (MCM)
Comparison of different materials properties
Density (kg/m3)
Tensile strength (MPa)
Tensile modulus (GPa)
CFRP – Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
Definition and main properties of Carbon Fibers
• From 1,000 to 320,000 filaments
• Filament’s diameter from 4 to 8 microns
• Carbon content in the fiber — from 92 to 99%
• Low density ( Τ1 4 of steel)
• High strength
(Specific strength 10 times stronger than steel)
• High modulus
(Specific modulus 10 times stronger than steel)
• High resistance to fatigue
• Good electric conductivity
• High corrosion and chemical resistance
• X-ray transparency
• High heat resistance (400–450°С in the air)
Carbon fiber (CF) — a material which consists of filaments with a
diameter of 4–8 microns formed mainly by carbon atoms (92–99%).
Types of carbon fiber:
— “Small” yarns: 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24K (from 1,000 to 24,000 filaments)
— “Big” tows: 48(50) and 320K (from 48,000 to 320,000 filaments)
Properties of carbon fiber:
Classification of Carbon Fibers
(by mechanical properties)
Type Modulus Strength
ILow modulus ‘LM’
(up to 200 GPa)up to 3.5 GPa
IIStandard modulus ‘SM’
(200–280 GPa)
3.5–5.0 GPa
(high-strength)
IIIIntermediate modulus
‘IM’ (280–325 GPa)
3.5–7.0 GPa
(high-strength)
IVHigh modulus ‘HM’
(325–450 GPa)2.5–5.0 GPa
V
Ultra high modulus
‘UHM’
(more than 450 GPa)2.5–4.0 GPa
CF classification
Te
ns
ile
str
en
gth
,G
Pa
100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Tensile modulus, GPa
800 900
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
III
IIIV
I
V
Process chain for production final products based
on carbon fiber polymer materials
Carbon fiber
Chopped fiber
Final
products
Textile structures: carbon fabrics, tapes, braids
Prepregs
Filament winding, Pultrusion
Cutting
Spray lay-up
SMC, BMC
Weaving
UD-tapes/Fabrics impregnation
Hand lay-up,
Vacuum infusion,
RTM,
RIFT,
VARTM,
RFI
Tows
impreg-
nation
Vacuum
bagging,
autoclave
molding
Integration of Carbon Fiber into various fields
Industrial application Aviation Sport & leisure
(Kto
ns/
year
)
Main consumers of Carbon Fibers in the World
Other industries
Oil and gas
Chopped fiberConstruction and
infrastructure
Vessels
Car construction
Windenergy
Sport
Aircraft construction
and defense
North
America
Asia
Japan
Others
Europe
China
Carbon fiber UMATEX Group
2016
Toray carbon fibers
12/24K
Tensile strength: 4.5 – 5.5 GPa
Tensile modulus: 250 – 300 GPa
50K
Tensile strength: 4.2 – 4.5 GPa
Tensile modulus: 230 – 250 GPa
3/6K
Tensile strength: 4.0 – 4.5 GPa
Tensile modulus: 240 – 250 GPa
These properties hit the most massive applications:
automotive, wind energy, construction, sport&leisure
goods and aviation
CF 12/24K is as a raw material to make ‘HM’ CF:
Tensile strength: 4.0 – 4.5 GPa
Tensile modulus: up to 500 GPa
UMATEX Group’s strategy for carbon fibers
Target properties of carbon fiber UMATEX Group:
LLC Alabuga-Fibre is the biggest CF plant in Russia and in CIS countries
Alabuga-Fibre carbon fiber technology
Oxidation – multi-stage heat treatment of PAN-
precursor at 200-300°C in the air atmosphere
Carbonization – increasing the carbon content in the fiber
when it is heat-treated at 300-1500°C in an inert
atmosphere due to removal of heteroatoms in the form of
volatile products
Surface treatment is used to improve
wettability and adhesion of polymer resins to the
carbon fiber surface (the sizing also serves
to improve carbon fiber processability on
subsequent technological processes)
Oxidation
Carbonization
Surface treatment(electrochemical +sizing)
Unwinding
Winding
Carbon Fiber Properties
UMT is a high strength and high modulus polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fibеr. It has been developed for
Customer to use it in industrial composite applications including aviation, automobile, wind, marine and others
High strength and high modulus
Carbon fibers UMATEX Group
Carbon fiber type
Number of
filaments,
K
Yield,
tex
Tensile
strength,
Gpa
Tensile
modulus,
Gpa
Elongation at
break,
%
Density,
g/cm3
‘SM’
UMT40 3 180 4.0 260 1.5 1.77
UMT42 50 3300 4.2 240 1.6 1.78
UMT45
12 800 4.5 255 1.7 1.78
24 1600 4.5 255 1.7 1.78
UMT49 12 780 4.9 255 1.8 1.78
“IM” UMT45/290 12 740 4.5 290 1.5 1.75
“HM”
UMT400 12 700 4.5 400 1.1 1.78
UMT450 12 650 4.6 430 0.9 1.85
UMT530 12 600 4.0 530 0.7 1.90
UMT Carbon Fiber Properties
All types of CF can be produced with EP or VE sizing
Structural External Reinforcement System
+ resin system
Structural External Reinforcement System
№(company)
Object Status amount of material
m2 kg
1. Pipe complete - 67
2. Production building complete 900 207
3. Crane beams complete 314 73
4. Roof beams complete 320 74
5 Building complete - -
TVEL
6. Production building complete 750* 400
7. Production building complete 300 69
8. Production building complete 55 13
9. Production building complete 256 59
More than 10 buildings reinforced
Thank you for attention