Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Koichi Kato Safety Policy division, Maritime bureau

Maritime Communications and Information Technology Conference 04/09/2013

Innovation and Safety

What is "Innovation"?

"Innovation" is derived from the Latin "Innovare" (renew) （＝ "in" (within) + "novare" (change) ）. Innovation means using new technology and ways of thinking in existing materials and structures to create new value and to make significant changes in society.

Quote from Cabinet Office HP

industrial revolution

1769

Titanic disaster

1912

Liberty ship accidents

1943

Torrey Canyon disaster

1967

Age of technology

Railway accidents

1900

IT revolution

1950

SOLAS MARPOL

1979

TMI accidents

HOFE capsize

Age of human factors

Chernobyl catastrophe

1986 1987

Exxon Valdez Oil spill

1989

Age of safety management

Automation Fail safe

Safety culture ISM

2012

Costa Concordia grounding

2011

Great East Japan Earthquake

The history of the safety policy

Incidence of accidents at sea

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500[%] Miscellaneous

Missing

Foundered

Contact

Fire/Explosion

Wrecked/Stranded

Collision

Rate of Incident (%)

[[N]

Source: LMIS

-The number of accidents at sea / The number of world fleet

4

Oil spill accident with the tanker

The number of oil pollution accidents 1970-2010 Quantities of oil spilt 1975-2010

Source: ITOPF

5

Energy: gas, wind, solar light

Economic performance:

size up, lightning

New Market: Ocean development,

Wind firm, Northern sea root

Emission saving: energy saving tech,

ballast water treatment

Human resources: training, automation,

monitoring

Innovation of maritime field

Rule making toward innovation

7

• LNG fueled ships • Floating offshore wind turbines • Ships operating in polar waters • Hydrogen tankers • Ships carrying hydrogen vehicles • CNG tanker • Minimum propulsion power • Large cruse ship • Large container ship • Post GMDSS

Chemical tanker

8

Overseas activities with LNG fueled ships

PSV Roro Ferry

Cargo vessel

Coast guard boat

Passenger boat

EcoNuri/ Incheon Port Authority (36m x 8m, KR)

Bergensfjord/ Fjord 1 (130m x 20m, DNV) Viking Energy/ Eidesvik (95m x 20m, DNV)

Bit Viking/ Tarbit Shipping (177m x 26m, GL)

Høydal/ Nordnorsk Shipping (70m x 16m, DNV)

Barentshav/ Norwegian Coast Guard (93m x 17m, DNV)

Argonon/ Deen Shipping (110m x 16m, LR)

HFO Bunkering boat

Francisco/ Buquebus (99m x 26m, DNV)

High speed roro ferry

Seagas/ Sirius Shipping (50m x 11m, DNV)

Cruse ferry & LNG Bunkering boat

Viking Grace/ Viking Line (218m x 32m, LR)

JAPAN MARINE UNITED IMABARI

Container carrier

KLine

PCC Ro-PAX

OSHIMA

Bulker

KHI

Container ship with bunkering boat

MOL

Ro-PAX

MHI

Ro-PAX

9

Recent development and concept in Japan

10

Rule making toward LNG fueled ship

Establishment of safety guideline and operation manual Fueled Gas Tank, supply system ( IGF code is being developed in IMO)

High pressure gas supply system, double pipeline

Control measure toward roll over phenomena

Bunkering operation ( ISO TS is being developed in the ISO/TC67)

Ship to ship, Shore to ship, truck to ship

safety zone, night operation, simultaneous handling (cargo/ passengers)

Risk assessment based on EN1474-3

Dry docking requirement

Gas freeing, tank control

METI is conducting the practical operation test during 2013-2015, by setting three floating offshore wind turbines (2 MW×1, 7MW ×2) and a floating transformer station off Fukushima. JMU, MES, and MHI are constructing the floating structures.

11

Fukushima Floating Offshore Wind Farm

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 … 2020

Practical Use

IEC International standardization of FOWT

Overseas Projects

Hywind in Norway (2009.9～)

Windfloat inPortugal (2011.12～)

Goto FOWT (2010-) MOE

METI

MLIT

Fukushima Floating Offshore Wind Farm

Technical Regulation Safety Guideline*

* The Safety Guideline provides practical design measures that satisfy the Technical Regulation ex) Technical Regulation: Regulates stability of FOWT even in the strongest wind in the past 50 years Safety Guideline: Provides calculation programs, experiment methods, and lists of meteorological data to be gathered

Reflect results of the Goto & Fukushima project

Single FOWT

Farm of FOWT

Emergency preparednes

s

Technical research

Participate in international activities

Survey on technical trend

List technical issues

Roadmap for FOWT

13

Rule making toward FOWT

Establishment of safety regulation and guideline Safety FOWT itself

Design wave, wind, current (50 years MAX)

Structural integrity

Stability

survivability ( in case of lost of one mooring line )

Safety Wind Farm with many FOWT

interference of mooring Emergency preparedness and response ship collision, lost of mooring lines and drifting

What is safety?

1. safety level 2. hazards and risks 3. necessity of improvement of safety 4. measures for improving safety 5. prioritized in terms of cost effectiveness

14

Formal Safety Assessment : FSA

Safety level / ALARP(As Low As Reasonably Practicable)

15 Source: MSC75/INF6

Example acceptable risks

16

Summary

17

• As history has illustrated; an innovation happened, an accident occurred and new safety measures were implemented.

• The first safety measure was technical regulation, and prevention of the human error was induced, also safety management system was evolved.

• Innovation is indispensable to sustainable development. • The existing rule may not be appropriate for innovation,

Innovation and control measure should be developed together.

• FSA guideline has been already established in IMO, but it is necessary to accumulate an applied example.

• An acceptable level of safety must be defined.