Initial Environmental Assessment Document...guidelines, to reflect overall IEE findings and...

Initial Environmental Assessment Document

Draft Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft for Consultation Project Number: June 2010

IND: Innovative Financing Option for Municipal Infrastructure Sector: Nagpur Water Supply Project (Pench-IV)-Distribution Components

Prepared by Nagpur Municipal Corporation, Government of Maharashtra

The Initial Environmental Examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

CONTENTS

Page

I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Identification of Project and Project Proponent 1 B. Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Study 1 C. Indian National Laws on Environment 2 D. Approach and Methodology 3

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4 A. Type, Category and Need 4

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 10 A. Physical resources 10 B. Infrastructure 20 C. Socio Economic Resources 22

IV. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 27 A. Screening Out of Areas of No Significant Impact 27 B. Methodology 28 C. Mitigation Measures 36

V. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 51 A. Reporting 53 B. Grievance Redress Mechanism 53

VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 53

VII. CONCLUSION 54

APPENDICES

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank Avg - average BPT - Break Pressure Tank CI - Cast Iron dBA - Decibels (equivalent human sensitive frequency ) EC - Environmental Clearance EIA - Environment Impact Assessment EMP - Environment Management Plan EPA - Environment Protection Act ESR - Elevated storage reservoir GSR - Ground storage reservoir JNNURM - Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission km - kilometer Leq - Equivalent sound (noise) pressure MLD - million liters per day Mm3 - million cubic meters MoEF - Ministry of Environment & Forests MS - Mild Steel NMC - Nagpur Municipal Corporation RSPM - respirable particulate matter SPM - suspended particulate matter SPV - Special Purpose Vehicle WTP - Water Treatment Plant

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. Identification of Project and Project Proponent

1. Nagpur is the second capital of Maharashtra State with a population of 2.05 million. Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC) was constituted in 1951 under the City Nagpur Corporation Act, 1948 (CNC Act), Based on the Act, NMC has the responsibility of providing basic urban services including water supply, sewerage, waste management etc. At present NMC is providing 470 million liters per day (MLD) of treated water to Nagpur City from Kanhan River Pench Projects-I to III, and a small part from Gorewada Tank.

2. NMC intends to augment Nagpur City water supply by 115 MLD by implementing Pench Phase – III, Stage – II (Pench-IV). This would largely meet the demand of Nagpur City up to 2011. NMC will create a special purpose vehicle (SPV) for this purpose which is sponsored and fully owned by NMC. Asian Development Bank (ADB) is non-sovereign lending for NMC to partially fund capital expenditure in the water supply sector. NMC will purchase water from the SPV on a cost recovery basis including debt servicing costs.

B. Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Study

3. ADB’s Environmental policy requires that environmental considerations be incorporated in ADB’s operations. Under this policy, ADB requires environmental assessment of all Project loans, financial intermediation loans, program loans, sector development program loans, and private sector investment operations.

4. Indian law and ADB policy require that the environmental impacts of development projects are identified and assessed as part of the planning and design process, and that action is taken to reduce those impacts to acceptable levels. This is done through the environmental assessment process, which has become an integral part of lending operations and project development and implementation worldwide.

5. The purpose of the IEE study is to:

• identify the potential environmental impacts as a result of proposed works on biological, physical, socio-economic and cultural environment of the Project area, and carry out their rapid assessment

• recommend practical and site specific environmental mitigation and enhancement measures

• prepare and implement an Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP) for the sub-project, and

• Recommend whether the IEE is sufficient for the proposed Project or whether EIA is required as a result of the environmental issues that may arise due to the Project Implementation.

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6. As per ADB’s latest Safeguard Policy Statement on Environment (SPS dated June 2009 effective January 2010), ADB classifies the projects for environmental assessment in the following manner:

i. Category A - A proposed project is classified as category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment (EIA), including an environmental management plan (EMP), is required.

ii. Category B - A proposed project is classified as category B if its potential

adverse environmental impacts are less adverse than those of category A projects. These impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination (lEE), including an EMP, is required.

iii. Category C - A proposed project is classified as category C if it is likely to have

minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. An EIA or lEE is not required, although environmental implications need to be reviewed.

iv. Category FI - A proposed project is classified as category FI if it involves the

investment of ADS funds to, or through, a financial intermediary. 7. As per the above requirements, the Nagpur Water Supply Project is categorized as ‘B’. The

category for this project is characterized by the most environmentally sensitive components such as adverse impacts due to construction activities and; ambient air quality and fuel consumption that are expected to be positively impacted.

C. Indian National Laws on Environment

8. The Government of India EIA Notification of September 2006 and amendments thereof in 2009 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994), sets out the requirement for environmental assessment. It states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for specified activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorised as A or B depending on the sector and scale of the Project provided in Schedule I of the notification.

9. Category A projects requires EC from the national Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). The proponent is required to provide preliminary details of the Project in the form of a Notification, after which an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the MoEF prepares comprehensive Terms of Reference (ToR) for the EIA study, which are finalized within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, MoEF considers the recommendation of the EAC and provides the EC if appropriate.

10. Category B projects require environmental clearance from the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The State level EAC categorises the Project as either B1 (requiring EIA study) or B2 (no EIA study), and prepares ToR for B1 projects within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, the SEIAA issues the EC based on the EAC recommendation. The Notification also provides that any project or activity classified as category B will be treated as category A if it is located in whole or in part within 10 km from the

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boundary of protected areas, critically polluted areas, notified eco-sensitive areas and inter-state, or international boundaries.

11. As per Schedule I of the EIA Notification, water supply projects do not require a formal EIA or EC by the state or the centre. Hence the national law on EIA is not applicable to the proposed project that this IEE addresses.

D. Approach and Methodology

12. The IEE Report is based on primary data generated through monitoring and analysis of environmental parameters affecting the environment and relevant data collected from various government and consent departments. Based on the result of the analysis of air, water, and land, the status of the environment existing throughout the stretch of the proposed water supply Project has been established. An assessment of related environmental impacts has been carried out using matrices and is presented in this document based on the final scope of the Project. The IEE has been prepared in accordance with ADB’s Environmental Policy (2002), particularly Operations Manual Section F1 in Environmental Considerations in ADB Operations (2003), and compliance with the Government of India's environmental assessment requirements and state regulations on environment. The IEE also proposes an EMP, and following ADB guidelines, to reflect overall IEE findings and recommendations.

13. The IEE report also covers where applicable, a reference source/secondary data on the physical and natural environment, which has been researched and presented through analysis of environmental trends, evaluation of the importance of the environmental assets and assessment of their condition and vulnerability, existing utilities and infrastructure, etc. through various agencies/departments.

14. Fieldwork and assessments: Field visits were conducted by the environment safeguards specialist and the local survey team during March, April, and May 2008 to collect baseline information about the proposed Project and its potential impact areas. Checklists were prepared to collect the primary data on physical, biological, socio-economic, and cultural environmental conditions of the Project-affected areas. This includes:

• Field surveys and quantitative sampling of areas affected by the Project, directly and indirectly, including intake works, the water treatment plant, access roads, pipelines, the service reservoir, and affected lands;

• Screening for the presence of fisheries resources, including availability of migratory fish species; rare, threatened, or endangered species; and other ecologically-sensitive habitats and related issues;

• Establishment of baseline information, including physical/chemical analysis on air quality, water quality, and noise;

• Socio-cultural and economical characteristics, including identification of possible cultural heritage and archaeological sites, and management of associated impacts;

• Consultations with key affected people and stakeholders in the Project area during the environmental assessment study to explore their perceptions, suggestions, and acceptance of the Project, and the preparation of a record of the public consultations; and

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• Assessment of the institutional capacity of implementing agencies and other concerned agencies in implementing the proposed EMP, a training proposal to enable the agencies to implement the EMP and monitoring plan, and assistance to the primary implementing agency in securing environmental clearance for the core subproject as required by the Government.

15. Data and information collected during the field survey covered climatic, geology, water quality, air quality, noise, land use pattern, natural hazard, flora and fauna, protected species, socio-economic environment and cultural aspects.

16. Impact area delineation: For the purpose of conducting IEE, the study has defined the project affected area, which includes project sites that will have impact due to the project. The project impact areas were identified, depending on the proximity to the project sites and the intensity of the impacts of the project implementation.

17. The IEE is an inter-disciplinary study. Views of relevant subject experts were sought during the IEE for the proposed Project.

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. Type, Category and Need

18. As mentioned before, this is a water supply project and has been classified by ADB (as per SPS January 2010) as Category B, because it is not expected to have major negative environmental impacts. Under ADB procedures, such projects require an IEE to identify and mitigate the impacts, and to determine whether further study or a more detailed EIA may be required. The project is needed because the present water supply infrastructure in Nagpur is inadequate for the needs of the growing population.

19. NMC manages treated water supply of 470 MLD to Nagpur City with an annual budget on water approximately 95 crores (expenditure) from three water sources viz. Gorewada Tank, Kanhan River, and Pench canal. Table below shows the existing water sources:

Table 1: Existing Water supply

Water Supply Source Quantity (MLD Kanhan water works 108.00 Old Gorewada 16.00 Pench Phase – I 113.00 Pench Phase – II 133.00 Pench Phase – III, Stage – I 100.00 Total (rated capacity) 470 Mld

20. Considering the fact that the water demand in 2011 will be about 568 MLD and if nothing is done to augment the present supply level there will be a build up of a deficit over the next few years.

21. In order to bridge the water demand-supply gap in the Nagpur city to meet till the year 2011 the project is being implemented.

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Table 2: Present and Future Water Supply

Production levels in mld S. No. Name of Project Present Proposed Enhancement

1 Pench I 113 113 + 16 + 7 = 136

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2 Pench II 133 133 00 3 Pench III 100 120 20 4 Kanhan 108 120 + 62 74 5 Old Gorewada 16 Nil 00 6 Total 470 571 101 7 Pench IV -- 115 115 Total production 470 686 216

22. A key reason of taking up this project for NMC, is to rectify some of the shortfalls of the present water supply system which are a adding up to the cost and amounting to water losses. Figure I presents the key gaps that will be addressed by the Project.

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Figure 1: Shortfalls in Present Water Supply

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1. Project description

23. The following seven components are proposed to meet the future demands and it also addresses the identified key issues in water supply.

Component I – Capacity Addition

In the first part, the Pench-IV Water Supply Project proposes construction of a 27.4 km-long pipeline for the transportation of water from the Pench reservoir to Mahadula. It will enhance the water availability for Nagpur City by 115 MLD.

In the second part, works are proposed to convey raw water from Mahadula to Godhani (1422 mm of 2.8 kms), build a new water treatment plant (WTP) at Godhani and convey treated water from Godhani to the Master Balancing Reservoir (MBR) at Governor House (1422 mm of 9.3 kms) under the project.

In the third part, works for laying feeder mains and construction of elevated storage reservoirs (ESRs) and ground storage reservoirs (GSRs) will be taken up.

In the fourth part, works on upgrading of the distribution system will be taken up.

Schematic representation of the first component is given in Figure 2

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Figure 2: Schematic Representation of Component I - Phase IV Water Supply

Component II - Leak Detection

The water audit study revealed that NMC is incurring revenue losses in payment of raw water charges to the Irrigation Department. This is due to non-measurement of water through meters. According to the NMC, in the absence of flow meters,

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payment was made to the Irrigation Department for 167 Mm3 (457 MLD) in 2004-05 whereas the actual flow meter measurement shows that a maximum of 137 Mm3 of water was lifted. Thus, an excess payment of about Rs.16.5 million took place. The water audit report suggested installation of flow meters on raw water, pure water mains and major feeder mains of ESRs. This will enable monitoring of the system, more accountability and equitable distribution.

Component III - Energy Audit Project

The Energy Audit Project proposes the replacement of pumping machinery at Kanhan, Mahadula and Gorewada pure water pumping stations. It also proposes reduction in energy losses by rationalization of the water distribution system.

Component IV - Expansion and Upgrade of the Distribution Network

The project involves laying new feeder mains and a secondary network to provide water supply to newly developed areas in the city. NMC has prepared an integrated plan, indicating the new feeder mains, tapping points, size of tapings, secondary network, and ESRs.

This proposal involves the construction of new feeder mains/parallel feeder mains and a secondary network in each of the ten zones in Nagpur City. The expected benefit is an increase in coverage of water supply to 100% of the population from the present 85%. Other benefits expected pertain to improved serviceability of old water supply systems and reduction in tanker water supply costs.

Component V - Augmentation and Modernization of Kanhan WTP

24. This includes: (i) construction of new Treatment Plant of 120 MLD capacity and strengthening of old Treatment Plant; (ii) rehabilitation of old Pure Water Sump at Kanhan Water Treatment Plant; and (iii) construction of Retaining Wall at Kanhan Head Works

Component VI -Water Audit Project - reduction in Non Revenue Water (NRW)

25. NMC proposes to take the following actions to reduce NRW of treated water: (i) strengthen the tertiary network by replacing old deteriorated pipeline/valves/fittings of 150 mm and below and undertake active leak detection exercises; (ii) implement an efficient metering and billing system through an automated meter reading system along with the computerization of water billing; (iii) install recycling plants at five WTPs to recover 13 MLD of backwash water. Currently, the losses in water treatment plant amount to about 25 MLD; and (iv) install flow meters for each ESR for better monitoring.

26. NMC will also implement a slum water supply project.

Component VII - 24 X 7 Water Supply

Of the 10 zones in Nagpur city, the Dharampeth zone with about 10,000 connections will be taken up on a pilot basis for implementing '24x7' water supply. This will involve the replacement of old deteriorated pipes, valves, fittings and service lines. It envisages a reduction in the NRW level to 30% in three years and spot billing and

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distribution. This project is envisaged as an independent project (independent of Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM.

27. The project component considered for ADB’s financing is limited to Component I and hence is the focus of this IEE study.

2. Implementation Schedule

28. Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) including design, for Component I under this Project have been prepared and various project component parts are being bidded out and are at a different stage of the process. It is expected that the total implementation period may go up to 4 years.

29. The exact details of the construction methodology, techniques, equipment used, sequence of implementation etc. will be proposed by the bidders (based on the DPRs) and will be decided along with other factors at the award stage of the project.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

30. The study area was delineated by taking a 1 kilometer (km) stretch from either side of the proposed WTP pipeline route and passing through important landmarks such as human settlements, traffic area, and commercial area so as to get an overview of the baseline environmental status. The sampling location is identified keeping in view the sensitive places where the impact from the proposed project activity would be significant. Agricultural field dominates the study area hence soil samples were collected from these fields to study productivity. The village Parseoni, 3 km from the proposed pipeline route also falls under the study area and is significant since it is the most populated village identified for sampling of environmental parameters. Rivers such as Pench, and Kanhan flow through the study area apart from the canals carrying the water for irrigation and industrial purpose. Sampling from these rivers was done to assess the surface water quality within the impact zone. To assess the groundwater status in the vicinity of proposed project sites, samples from different sources such as hand pump, dug well and bore well were collected and subjected to analysis. Sampling from tap water source was also done to study the drinking water characteristic.

A. Physical resources

1. Topography, Soil and Geology

31. The Project area is occupied by Archean quartzites Deccan Trap and Alluvium. Thick soil cover formed on predominant and associated deposits of the riverbank covers the major part of the study area.

32. The Deccan Trap or basalt are the basic igneous rocks which come out through long narrow fissures as lava and spread as nearly horizontal sheets on continental scale. The Deccan Trap occurring in the study area is part of basaltic province. The agricultural land is intermixed with forest, scrub and grassland. Rural population is settled mainly in hamlets. The local topography being favorable, tank irrigation plays an important role in agriculture in the eastern margin.

33. In the Archaean area the rocks are hidden beneath a considerable thickness of alluvial soil, deposited by the tributaries of the Kanhan and the Wainganga rivers. In the trappean area

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the soil is usually the black cotton soil known as regur with Kankar, which is also found in the soils on the Archaean areas.

2. Soil Characteristics

34. Four soil samples were collected from the study area throughout the stretch of the WTP pipeline from Pench Dam to the MBR. Representative soil samples from depth 0-15 cm were collected from these villages and WTP premises for estimating physico-chemical characteristics of soil. Standard methods were followed for the analysis of soil samples.

35. The chemical characteristics of the soil were determined by preparing soil extracts in distilled water at a ratio of 1:1 (as per Jackson procedure, 1967). Organic matter was determined in terms of organic carbon by Walkley & Black method (1972). Soil fertility in terms of available nitrogen was determined by nitrogen Kjeldhal method, available phosphorus was determined by chloro-stannus reduced molybdo phosphorus blue color method (Olsen Method, 1954), respectively. Potassium was determined by flame photometer (Jackson MZ, 1967).

a) Chemical Properties of Soil

36. The physico-chemical properties analyzed were color, pH and electrical conductivity. These results are presented in Table 3.

37. Soil pH is an important parameter which indicates the alkaline and acidic nature of soil. The pH in the study area is neutral to slightly alkaline in reaction with pH in the range of 6.5 to 7.8.

38. The soluble salts are expressed in terms of electrical conductivity (EC). The EC for the soil samples are in the range of 0.11 to 0.57 dS/m. The soluble salt content in all the soil is low (EC<1 dS/m). Chemical analysis shows that the soils are normal.

b) Nutrient Status of Soil

39. Organic matter present in the soil influences the soils physical and chemical properties. Organic matter commonly accounts for one third or more of the cation exchange capacity of surface soils. It is also responsible for stability of soil aggregates.

40. Organic carbon and available nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium are found to be in the range of 0.17 to 1.22% and 235 to 814; 19.4 to 157; and 39 to 166 kg/ha respectively. Soil samples are moderately good in organic content. Soil fertility status in the study area is in Table 4. Data indicates that soils status is medium to fertile which is good for crops.

Table 3: Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Soil Extract (1:1)

Sampling Locations pH EC (dS/m) Colour 1 Parseoni 6.5 0.11 Yellowish

d2 Bitoli 7.5 0.57 Brownish Bl k3 Dahegaon 7.4 0.43 Yellowish

4 Godhani 7.8 0.37 Black

Table 4: Fertility Status of Soils in the Study Area

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Available N P2O5 K2O

Sampling Locations Organic Carbon (%) (kg/ha)

1 Parseoni 00.17 2296 26 39 2 Bitoli 00.72 235 19.4 330 3 Dahegaon 10.08 670 157 130 4 Godhani 10.22 814 142 166 Level in poor soil <0.5 <280 <23 <133 Level in medium soil 0.5-0.75 280-560 23-57 133-337

Level in fertile soil >0.75 >560 >57.0 >337.0

c) Landuse

41. The land use pattern throughout the stretch of the water pipeline has been studied. The area falling under the main pipeline from Pench reservoir is mostly cultivated (about 80%), agriculture being the major activity in the villages. Irrigated agricultural land covers 9.82%, and 68.13% land is cultivated with rainfed crops. Only 8.83 % land comes under the area of culturable waste land including gouchar and groves. The percentage distribution of land under different categories is in Figure 3. The area following the second phase covers only a stretch of 9.8 km and land falls mostly under ROWs along the roadside and only at few stretches does the treated water pipeline pass through agricultural land.

Figure 3: Landuse Pattern in the Study Area

Forest

Irrigated 9.82%

Unirrigated 68.13%

Culturable w aste land

8.82%

Forest 0.07%Area not available

for cultivation13.14%

Irrigated Unirrigated

Culturable w aste landArea not available for cultivation

3. Climate:

42. The climate in the vicinity and throughout the stretch of the proposed project is characterized by a hot summer, well-distributed rainfall and dryness except in the rainy season. The cold season is from December to February and is followed by the hot season from March to May. The southwest monsoon season is from June to September while the period October-November constitutes the post-monsoon season.

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Climate of Nagpur:

• Average annual rainfall - 1,161.54 mm. (45.73 inches).

• The southwest monsoon usually reaches the district in the second week of June. The rainfall during the period, June to September constitutes about 90% of the annual total, July being the month with the highest rainfall.

• The cold weather commences towards the end of November and December is usually the coldest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 27.7°C (81.8°F) and the mean daily minimum at 14.0°C (57.2°F). May is the hottest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 42.7°C (108.8°F) which may even reach up to 48°C

Source: Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Nagpur

43. Winds are generally light to moderate with some increase in speed in the later part of the summer season and the monsoon months. During the monsoon season winds are mostly from directions between southwest. In the period from October to December the winds are mainly northerly to northeasterly in the mornings and northeasterly to easterly in the afternoons. In January, winds from directions between northwest and northeast are common in the mornings and between northeast and southeast in the afternoons. In the rest of the summer season winds are mostly from directions between southwest and northwest.

4. Air Quality

44. Since substantial secondary data was not available for the project area, ambient air quality survey was carried out during summer season at 3 sampling stations. The samples were located at the office of the village panchayat at Godhani (proposed WTP site), school building at Dahegaon (through which the pipeline is passing) and secondary data was sourced from Itagaon and Bitaouli village from a NEERI report. The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in accordance with guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of June 1998 and the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS), CPCB of May 1994.

45. The conventional parameters such as Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) were monitored on site. All these pollutants were monitored as 24 hourly averages. The high volume samplers with cyclone separator were used for collection of air samples for SPM as well as RSPM by drawing air at (1.0-1.5 m3/min) flow rate and gaseous pollutants at sampling flow rate of 0.5 to 1.0 lpm. Gravimetric method was followed to determine SPM and RPM concentrations whereas standard wet chemical (Spectrophotometric) methods have been followed to evaluate the concentrations of individual gaseous pollutants.

46. The air quality monitored at Godhani (WTP Site), Dahegaon, Itgaon and Bitoli stations provide some indications of the air quality within the Project area (Table 5).

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Table 5: Ambient Air Quality Status

Average Concentration (μg/m3) Average: 24 Hrs.

Sampling Location SPM RSPM SO2 NOx

1. Godhani (proposed WTP Site)

120 58

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2. Dahegaon 154 73 14 17

3. Itagaon 149 68 11 18

4. Mankapur Sq near Sumitra Bhavan

151 78 12 16

5. Sadar Rd Near Accharaj Tower

128 51 10 14

6. Bitoli 112 49 9 12

National Ambient Air Quality Standards for residential, rural and other areas1 200 100 80 80

47. Both the particulate as well as the gaseous pollutants were found to be well within the stipulated standard of 80 μg/m3 of CPCB for residential, rural and other areas at all stations during the study period. These low levels could be attributed to the fact that there are very few sources of industrial or vehicular emissions in the vicinity. Most of the ambient levels could be due to re-suspension of local soil and dust.

48. Also the SPM:RSPM and NOx:SOx ratio is more or less the same for all sampling points showing that the source of air pollution is same for all sampling stations—mostly vehicular traffic.

5. Noise Environment

49. To assess the baseline status of noise level, 5 locations were selected. Of these one is selected to assess the vehicular traffic noise (NH-7) apart from the noise levels at various human settlements within the study area. The noise levels were measured (A-weighted) using Precision Integrating Octave Band Sound level Meter (DAWE D – 1426 A) and the results are in Table 6.

Table 6: Noise Levels at Sampling Locations

Location Equivalent Noise Level Leq (dBA)

Ambient Air Quality Standard for Noise2

Day NightResidential

1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards issued by CPCB in notification dated 11th April, 1994 under The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981.

2 Ambient air quality standards for Noise are mentioned in The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 Rules issued by MoEF under EPA 1986 on 14th February 2000 for the regulation and control of noise producing and generating sources.

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1. Godhani (WTP Site) 48

2. Itagaon 54

55 45

Commercial 3. Parshivni 67 65 55

Sensitive 4. Navegaon Temple 47 50 40

Vehicular Traffic 5. Koradi Mandir T-Point 68


65

7. Sadar Rd Near Accharaj Tower

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50. From the results of analysis it is observed that the noise level (Day Time) for residential and silence zone is within the limits whereas for commercial zone the value is exceeding the standard of 65 dB (A).

6. Surface Water Quality

51. Nagpur City receives its supply of water from both surface (about 90%) and sub surface (about 10%) sources. The major source of surface water is Pench and Kanhan Rivers and a small portion from Gorewada Lake. The water source for the proposed WTP is the Pench Dam. The water is drawn from the dam constructed across Pench River in 1982. The characteristic of water from Pench River (Dam) and Kanhan River is given in Table 7 below.

Table 7: Surface Water Supply

Sr. No. Parameters Pench River (Dam) Kanhan River 1. pH 8.3 8.6 2. Temperature (OC) 27 26 3. Turbidity (NTU) 4 <1 4. TSS (mg/l) 3 2 5. TDS (mg/l) 190 226 6. Conductivity (μS/cm) 302 383 7. Total Alkalinity (mg/l) 90 112 8. Total Hardness (mg/l) 126 141 9. Calcium Hardness (mg/l) 99 102 10. Chloride (mg/l) 10 24 11. Sulphates (mg/l) 15 24 12. Sodium (mg/l) 29 51 13. Potassium (mg/l) 5 5 14. Nitrate (mg/l) 0.8 0.2 15. Total Phosphate (mg/l) 0.1 0.2 16. Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l) 0.2 7.4 17. COD (mg/l) 14 14

18. BOD <3 <3

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Sr. No. Parameters Pench River (Dam) Kanhan River 19. Heavy metals (mg/l) 20. Cr 0.14 0.01 21. Cu 0.05 ND 22. Co ND ND 23. Fe 1.28 0.06 24. Pb ND ND 25. Mn 0.08 0.07 26. Zn 0.06 0.06

a) Groundwater Quality

52. There are various sources of groundwater existing throughout the stretch of the proposed project site which people generally use for domestic purpose, irrigation etc. To assess the quality of groundwater samples from different sources such as dug well (which taps the upper shallow aquifer), bore well (which taps both upper shallow and deep aquifers) hand pumps and tap water were collected at Dahegaon (dugwell), Bitoli (bore well), and Godhani and Mankapur Square near Sumitra Bhavan (hand pump). Tap water (Sadar Road near Accharaj Tower) were analysed in the laboratory. The results of the analysis are shown in Tables 8, 9, 10, and 11 below.

The depth to water in pre- monsoon ranges from 10 to 20 m approx. The deeper water level i.e. more than 30-40 m below ground level occurs during pre-monsoon period whereas during Post-monsoon it is about 10-15m.

Table 8: Water Quality - Physical Parameters (Groundwater)

Sr. No.

Sampling location

pH Temperature Turbidity Total Suspended Solids

Total Dissolved Solids

Conductivity

(OC) (NTU) (mg/l) (mg/l) (μS/cm) Dug Well 1. Dahegaon 8.3 26 < 1 2.4 416 630 Bore Well 2. Bitoli 8.1 27 3 5.6 779 1180 Hand Pump 3. Godhani 8.2 26 3 3.6 780 1200 4. Mankapur

Sq near Sumitra Bhavan

8.2 27 <1 4.2 765 1197

Tap Water 5. Sadar Rd

Near Accharaj Tower

7.6 31 < 1 <5 335 670

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Table 9: Water Quality - Inorganic Parameters (Groundwater)

Sr. No. Sampling location pH Temperature Turbidity

Total Suspended Solids

Total Dissolved Solids

Conductivity

(OC) (NTU) (mg/l) (mg/l) (μS/cmDug Well

Dahegaon 8.3 26 < 1 2.4 416 630 Bore Well 2 Bitoli 8.1 27 3 5.6 779 1180 Hand Pump 3 Godhani 8.2 26 3 3.6 780 1200

4 Mankapur Sq near Sumitra Bhavan

8.2 27 <1 4.2 765 1197

Tap Water

5. Sadar Rd Near Accharaj Tower 7.6 31 < 1 <5 335 670

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Table 10: Water Quality – Nutrient, Oxygen Demand and Organic Parameters (Groundwater)

Sr. No

Sampling location

Total Alkalinity

Total Hardness

Calcium Hardness

Chloride Sulphate Sodium Potassium

(as CaCO3) Dug Well 1. Dahegaon 163 237 120 41 48 32 2 Bore Well 2 Bitoli 255 389 193 128 127 93 10

Hand Pump 3. Godhani 293 408 345 280 154 222 2 4. Mankapur Sq

near Sumitra Bhavan

286 398 342 275 148 209 2

Tap Water 5. Sadar Rd

Near Accharaj Tower

61 82 50 44 34 35

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Table 11: Water Quality - Bacteriological Parameters (Groundwater)

Sr. No. Sampling location

Nitrate as N

Total Phosphates

DO COD BOD Sulfide

(as CaCO3) Dug Well 1. Dahegaon 9.6 0.2 4.3 24 <3 ND

Bore Well

2. Bitoli 11.4 0.4 6.0 5 <3 ND

Hand Pump ND33. Godhani 11.6 0.1 1.5 15 <3


10 0.3 1.1 8 <3 ND

Tap Water 5. Sadar Rd Near

Accharaj Tower 1.4 1.0 5.1 <10 <3 ND

3 ND: Not Detectable

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7. Assessment of Flora

53. Agricultural fields dominate the study area; although some natural forests also exist. Common plant species found are Tectona grandis (Teak), Madhuca indica (Moha), Butea monosperma (Palash), Acacia catechu (Khair), Cassia fistula (Amaltas), Mangifera indica (Mango), and Bombax ceiba (katesawar.

54. The species of flora reported in the project area are presented in Appendix 1 The families and their associated species are Fabaceae, Poaceae, Mimosaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Anacardiaceae, Solanaceae, Annonaceae, and Combretaceae.

55. In Teak forests around Parseoni the upperstory consists of Teak (Tectona grandis), Ain (Terminalia tomentosa), Amaltas (Cassia fistula) Tendu (Diospyros malanoxylon), Dhaora (Anogeissus latifolia), Bija (Pterocarpus marsupium), and Salai (Boswellia serrata). The middle story consists of Dikamali (Gardenia resinfera), Neel (Indigofera tinctoria), Nirgudi (Vitex negundo), and Beshram (Ipomeoa fistulosa) along with Bamboo (Dendrocalamus stictus) in few compartments. The under story consists of Pivla dhotra (Argemone mexicana), Gokru (Tribulus terrestris), and Gajargavat (Parthenium hysterophorus). The common climbers found were Piwarbel (Combretum ovalifolium), Mahulbel (Bauhinia vahli), and Palasbel (Butea monosperma). The mixed forest consists mainly of miscellaneous species and Teak (Tectona grandis) occurring as scattered or in patches.

8. Agriculture

56. Agriculture is subsistence based and consists of mostly rainfed crop of cotton, tur, soyabean, paddy and chilli. Some pulses are also grown. Millets, oilseeds and vegetables are also cultivated in the region. Some vegetables are also grown in various kitchen gardens. Wheat, tur, soyabean and rice form the staple diet of people in the region. Lentils, pulses, edible oils, vegetables and fruits are consumed in small quantities. Orange (Citrus aurantium), banana (Musa parasidica), mango (Mangifera indica), guava (Psidium guajava), papaya (Carica papaya) and sitaphal (Annona squamosa) are various horticultural crops cultivated in the study area.

9. Assessment of Fauna

57. Assessment of wildlife fauna has been done on the basis of secondary data collected from different government offices including Forest and Wildlife Departments. The wild life fauna includes barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) and palm squirrel (Funambulus palmarum). The study area is mostly covered by agricultural land. That is why majority of the animals are domesticated.

58. Birds commonly sighted are grey partridge (Francolinus pondicerianus), pea fowl (Pavo cristatus), grey jungle fowl (Gallus sonnerattii), pigeon (Treon phoenicaptera), house crow (Corvus splendens), dove (Streptopelia spp.), and house sparrow (Passer domestica).

10. Livestock

59. Common domesticated animals in the study area are cows, buffaloes, sheep, goats, poultry farms, pigs and dogs.

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11. Rare and Endangered Animal Species

60. No species from the study area is recorded as a threatened species in the Red Data Book. The Pench Tiger Reserve is about 50-60 kms from the proposed alignment and hence not expected to cause any significant impact on the park.

12. Fisheries

61. The fishing activity is inland fishing and is found to be scanty in the study area. Majority of the fishes captured are the major carps—Cirrhina mrigala, Catla catla, Labeo rohita and catfishes—murrels, Barbus, Notopterus. The major carps with their good taste have good economic value. Fish spawns are introduced during monsoon and organic manure in the form of cowdung is mainly used as the fertilizer. Fish yield per year is found to be 7,000 tonnes.

62. There are no major river fisheries in Nagpur district. Of the rivers of Nagpur only Wainganga, Wardha, Kanhan, and Pench have . The fisheries in the district are located along the tanks and lakes. The most important lakes and tanks in the district from this point of view are: Lake Ramsagar, Ambazari, Gorewada, Telankhedi, Gandhi Sagar, Mansar, and Chakorda. Except in tanks Ambazari and Gorewada fish culture is undertaken. In addition to the above tanks there are several small perennial tanks at Katol, Umrer, Bhivapur, Kuhi, Bhojapur, Bazargaon and Gumgaon, where fish culture has been undertaken either public or in private sector. There are about 37 perennial and 241 seasonal tanks in the district, which provide excellent scope for fishery development.

63. The chief fishing communities are Bhois, Kahars, Dhiwars, and Ommunltles. Except at Nagpur and Ramtek, these fisher population is scattered throughout the district. At places other than Ramtek and Nagpur the fishers are not wholly dependent on fishing because it does not provide them with full-time gainful employment. They, therefore, engage in other professions.

B. Infrastructure

1. Water Supply

64. The water supply to Nagpur City is from Gorewada Tank (16 MLD), Kanhan water source (100 MLD) anf Pench reservoir source (346 MLD).

2. Sewerage System

65. The Nagpur sewerage system consists mainly of gravity sewers with only one pumping station and a treatment plant of 100 MLD located at Bhandewadi. The city has three natural drainage districts: North, Central, South based on an account of the topography of the city. The central railway line passing through the city forms main barrier for laying sewers and other services in the city. A part of the flow generated in the central zone is collected and is used for irrigation purpose on a 100 hectare sewage farm. The rest of the sewage flows to nallahs and rivers (Pili and Nag) without any treatment.

66. Sewerage system is provided mainly in the central zone and in very few areas in northern zone and southern zones. The zone wise details of existing sewerage system based on the CES report in Table 12.

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Figure 4: Existing Sewerage Network

67. There is no sewage treatment scheme in the northern and southern zone. The sewage collected from the central zone is treated in the Bhandewadi Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). This STP of 100 MLD capacity corresponding to a population of 6.15 lakhs was commissioned in 2001 and is in working condition. If an STP for all the zones is considered, depending on the topography and physical structure (railway line), the Nagpur city may need at the most three mini sewage treatment plants. Since the general slope of the city is from west to east, all the treatment plant can be constructed on the eastern end of the city. The northern zone treated wastewater can be discharged to Pili River and the central zone treated wastewater can be discharged into the Nag River (as practiced at present at Bhandewadi STP 100 MLD). The Sewerage System of the City is shown in Figure 4.

68. NMC with JNNURM funds has proposed to strengthen the sewerage system in North, Central and South Zones. A Master Plan for the sewerage system up to the year 2031 has been prepared by NMC. It includes the construction of sewage pumping stations and STPs for 2021. An investment of Rs. 515.58 crores is planned over the 2005-2011 period. Two more STPs would be constructed which will provide tertiary treatment so that the effluent is of such a quality that it can be used in the Power Plants of MAHAGENCO, MIHAN, MIDC and for bulk users. An amount of 131 crores has been provided for this work under JNNURM which is expected to be completed during 2009-2011. It also plans for reuse of a cleaner and clearer effluent, obtained by strengthening the existing STP for irrigation purposes and has also proposed rejuvenation of Nag and Pili Rivers followed by their canalization. The strengthening of the drainage system along the roads will also prevent flooding of the roads.

69. Keeping in view the future sewerage/drainage system plan formulated for the City by NMC, the additional sewage load resulting from the proposed project would not impose any threat in terms of organic load to the water bodies in the City.

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Table 12: Sewerage system of Nagpur at a Glance

Sewage collection system Sewage Treatment Disposal Zone Year Size Length Capac

ity Capacity

Treatment Nallah Irrigation

1922-1943

200-1800 19 km - - No treatment Full waste -

1956 200-1800 33 km 100 MLD

45 MLD Primary treatment (Not in use)

55 MLD 45 MLD

Central

2001 No new sewerage system 100 MLD

Primary & Secondary treatment

100 MLD Under consideration

North 1956 225-975

7.352 - - - Full waste -

South 1956 225-1050

12.026 - - - Full waste -

C. Socio Economic Resources

70. The study of the socio-economic component of environment incorporates various facets: demographic structure, availability of basic amenities such as housing, education, health and medical services, occupation, water supply, sanitation, communication and power supply, prevailing diseases in the region as well as features such as places of tourist attraction and monuments of archaeological importance. The study of these parameters helps in identifying predicting and evaluating the likely impacts due to project activity in that region. The area within and stretching throughout the proposed pipeline route is designated as study area.

1. Public Consultation and Socio Economic Survey

71. In order to assess and evaluate the likely impacts arising out of any developmental projects on the socio-economic environment, it is necessary to know the apprehensions of the people in the project area. Socio-economic survey serves as an effective tool for fulfilling this requirement and was conducted in the study area in 31 villages located in all directions with reference to project site by interviewing the Sarpanch of each village and respondents (adults male and female) chosen by using purposive sampling methods representing various socio-economic sections of the community.

72. The salient observations recorded during the survey are:

• Awareness about proposed water supply scheme is very poor among most of the village.

• Many respondents expect job opportunities in construction as well as operational phase.

• Agriculture is the main occupation in the study area while few respondents have jobs in the private sector or government sector.

• Wood, kerosene and LPG are the main sources of fuel used for cooking purpose.

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• Most of the villages are have electricity facilities both for agricultural and domestic purpose but power cut is the most frequent problem experienced by villagers.

• Literacy level amongst the respondents is good. This is mainly because of better educational facilities.

• In most of the village respondents reported that their monthly income is nearly Rs. 1,500 – 2,000.

• Communication and transportation facilities are good in most of the villages.

2. Demographic Structure

73. The demographic structure of the study area is presented in Table 14, which highlights information on population, employment, household, literacy, community structure while summarized information is shown in Table 18. The demographic details have been abstracted from Primary Census Abstract- 2001(CD) of Maharastra obtained from Office of Registrar General India, New Delhi. The salient features of the study area are as follows:

• Total population of the villages in the study area is 34,326

• The total no of household in the study area is 7,379

• Sex ratio (no. of females per 1,000 males) is 933

• The literacy rate in the study area is 68.78 %

• The percentage of scheduled caste in the study area is 17.05 % while only 9.17% of the population is of scheduled tribe.

• Out of the total population, most people are non-workers i.e.57.48% followed by main workers (32.57%) and marginal workers (9.93%).

Table 13: Name of Villages

Sr. No. Name of Villages

1. Amgaon 2. Bitoli 3. Babulwada 4. Bansinghi 5. Bhagemahiri 6. Bokhara 7. Dhoupa Khaeri

8. Dahegaon 9. Ghogli 10. Itgaon 11. Karmbad

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12 Lonara 13 Navegaon Khaeri 14 Nanda 15 Parseoni 16 Pardi 17 Rohna 18 Ranala 19 Godhani 20 Mahadulla

Table 14: Demographic Structure of Study Area

Population Sr. No. Village

No. of Households

TP M F SC ST Literate

Main Worker

Marginal Worker

Non Worker

Parseoni Tehsil Amgaon 2,261 11,088 5,573 5,515 1,156 3,341 527 4,453 1,177 4,458 Bitoli 84 418 228 190 98 85 314 188 2 228 Babulwada 181 769 399 370 93 35 601 301 86 382 Bansingi 39 163 88 75 82 5 64 75 8 80 Bhage Mahari 290 1278 674 604 206 183 834 478 143 657 Dundakhairi 2 10 6 4 0 10 2 2 3 5 Dahegaon

(j hi)511 2,454 1,246 1,208 277 71 1,511 906 456 1,092

Itagaon 248 1,163 608 555 495 24 775 503 125 535 Karanbhad 529 2,526 1,232 1294 527 396 1579 689 470 1,367 Navegaon 143 658 323 335 100 88 465 260 23 375 Parshivni 2,213 10,232 5,160 5,072 1,051 829 6,943 2,999 1,206 6,027 Pardi 195 1,002 540 462 207 70 664 363 135 504

Mahadula 133 546 278 268 198 81 264 243 90 213

Total 4,829 22,307 11,355 10,952 3,491 2,218 14,543 7,460 2,924 11,923 Nagpur rural Bhokara 1,029 4,704 2,522 2,182 767 400 3,838 1,194 37 3,473 Ghogali 32 170 105 65 69 19 109 59 36 75 Lonare 173 778 419 359 112 45 530 302 35 441 Godhani

(R il )803 3,952 2,076 1,876 955 143 2,857 1,072 368 2,512

Total 2,037 9,604 5,122 4,482 1,903 607 7,334 2,627 476 650 Kamptee Tehsil Nanda 130 630 342 288 172 30 390 266 2 362 Total 130 630 342 288 172 30 390 266 2 362 Savner Tehsil Ranala 8 29 17 12 3 0 19 8 5 16 Rohana 375 ,1757 921 836 285 296 1326 821 4 932

Total 383 1,786 938 848 288 296 1345 829 9 948

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Table 15: Summary of Demographic Structure

Demographic Parameters Details

No. of district 1 No. of taluka 4 No. of villages 20 Total no of households 7379 Total population 34326 Sex ratio (No. of female/thousand males) 933 Scheduled castes (%) 17.05 Scheduled tribes (%) 9.17 Literate (%) 68.78 Main workers (%) 32.57 Marginal workers (%) 9.93 Non – workers (%) 57.48

Source: Primary census Abstract (CD) 2001, State Maharashtra

3. Economy

74. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in the study area, which is mainly dependent on rainfall. But few villages have irrigation facility. The main crops grown in the study area is cotton, wheat, jowar, soyabean, tur, and dal. In winter, green vegetables are also grown. The average monthly income of the people in the study area is Rs.1,000-1,500.

4. Health status

75. Consistent with the National Health Policy (1983), primary Health Care has been the main instrument for achieving the goal of developing and strengthening the rural health care system through a three tier health infrastructure system i.e. primary health sub-centre (PHS) primary health centre (PHC) and community health centre (CHC.

76. Data on health has been collected from primary health center. Health problems generally reported are attributed due to improper sanitation, mosquito nuisance, and water logging. Coughs, cold, viral fever, and malaria are the common diseases prevalent in the study area. Every Primary Health Centre organizes immunization, polio, and eye programs.

5. Cultural and Aesthetic Attributes

a) Fairs

77. A large number of fairs are held in the District. Most of the fairs held in the District are associated with important deities and religious festivals. So far, as trade is concerned, fairs are complementary to the weekly markets. In the fairs, the traders and shopkeepers set up temporary stalls. Large quantities of agricultural produce and other articles of daily use are brought for sale.

78. There are two fairs held at Ramtek, a town named after “Lord Rama” with the Ramnavami fair to celebrate the birth anniversary of Lord Rama from Chaitra shuddha 1 to Chaitra shuddha 11, and other fairs held in the month of kartika to commemorate the killing of

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demon Tripurasur by Rama. On an average more than thirty thousand pilgrims mostly from Vidarbha region and Madhya Pradesh attend the fair. It is believed that during their exile, Lord Rama, Laxman and Sita stayed for some time on this hill. Besides the solitary ‘major’ fairs described above, there are 121 ‘minor’ fairs in the district where the total congregation is less than 25,000. Of these 115 are from the rural areas and 16 from urban areas. It is in the month of April that a maximum number of fairs are held (46). The next important month is February in which 21 fairs are held.

b) Places of Historical and Tourist Importance

79. Ramtek is situated at a height of about 1,508 feet to the northeast of Nagpur Cty and is the taluka headquarters. The temple at Ramtek is situated on a hill in the extreme west of Ambagrh ranges, in the northern part of town and is 500 feet above the town level. To reach the temple one has to climb a hill of penance. In addition other places of tourist interest include Ganpati temple in Adasa village (Savner tahsil), Khapa for natural surroundings and temples, Mansar village located north of Kamptee is a pilgrims place and famous for oranges and deep-orange spessartite crystals found in the pit known as the “Kamptee lady”.

80. Jagdamba temple in Koradi town is very famous in the district. Thousands of people visit this temple daily. ‘Navratri utsav’ is celebrated in the temple. The great ‘garba and dandiya rass’ programs are held during the Navratras.

81. Sahid Laskar Savli dargah is situated to the north-west of Khapa town and was built in memory of one Savli who died fighting the enemies. It is said that, though the head of Sahid Laskar Savli was separated from the trunk, the trunk went on fighting for some time. The dargah was built on the spot where the trunk fell.

c) Industries

82. Industries located around the study area are limited to Koradi Thermal Power Plant, Khaperkheda Thermal Power Plant, WCL mines, and Kandri mine.

6. Important Landmarks from Godhani WTP Site to MBR at Governors House

83. At the Godhani site the Water Treatment Plant is proposed to be constructed where the raw water from Mahadulla will be brought by a pipeline. The site is presently located on the land owned by the State Government that it plans to lease out to the NMC (tentatively). Again the water from this WTP will be conveyed to the Governor House Master Balancing Reservoir (MBR) from where it will be conveyed through the same pipeline (14-22mm dia) by gravity to the proposed ESR’s. The pipeline will be mostly underground and of a closed conduit type.

84. The familiar landmarks on the pipeline route are shown in Figure 5 and discussed as follows: -

• Tuli School: The Tuli School is located on the left side of the road coming from Godhani to Koradi Naka while the proposed pipeline route is on the opposite side of the school i.e right side of the Godhani–Koradi Naka road. Hence displacement of the school is not envisaged.

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• Wonderland School: This landmark is situated on the right hand side of the Godhani-Koradi Naka road while the proposed pipeline route runs opposite to the Wonderland school. Hence the displacement of the school is not envisaged.

• Railway Crossing: This railway crossing is currently being used for coal transportation from Godhani to Koradi Thermal Power Plant. The method of construction of pipeline will be of Horizontal Push Back System type. The authority, which will initiate the construction of the proposed pipeline (whether Railways or NMC) has not yet been decided. This railway crossing is located at 150m from the Koradi Naka on NH-69.

85. The proposed pipeline enters the city through an intersection namely Mental Hospital intersection/Nelson intersection. The properties abutting the road beginning from Mental Hospital intersection/Nelson intersection will not be affected, as the proposed pipeline will run underground below the pedestrian footpath which belongs to NMC.

86. Also along the proposed pipeline route there is one nallah running across NH-69 on which a small culvert is constructed. The pipeline will be rested on pedestals, which will be erected on LHS of NH-69 and will run parallel to the culvert.

IV. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Screening Out of Areas of No Significant Impact

87. Implementation of the Project will affect land where the transmission main pipeline will be constructed, and land (Godhani) where the new Water Treatment Plant will be constructed.

88. However the construction work is not expected to cause major negative irreversible impacts on certain environmental components and these can be screened out of the assessment at this stage.

Table 16: Environmental Components Significant Impacts are Not Expected

Env. Components Rationale Geology and seismology Excavation activity will not be significant enough to affect these

featuresLand use There will not be any major change of land use as the area is an

agricultural land/ barren land and will be released for use after laying of pipeline

Wildlife/ rare/ endangered species

No such threatened or rare species are found in the study area

Coastal resources No coastal area is affected because of the project Population and communities

Construction will not affect population numbers, location or composition

Biodiversity conservation and sustainable natural resource management

The proposed project does not traverse through modified habitats, pristine natural habitats, or critical habitats and legally protected areas. The project also does not involve activities that would cause introduction of invasive alien species. Hence these potential impacts have not been further evaluated

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Hazardous Waste and Pesticides

The project activities do not include generation of hazardous waste (other than used / waste oil from, use of pesticides and generation of green house gases hence these potential impacts have not been studied further.

Physical cultural resources

The project does not cause any significant damage to physical cultural resources and can be screened out of the assessment at this stage.

89. These environmental factors have not been included in further assessment of the impacts due to the construction phase.

B. Methodology

1. Identification of Impacting Project Activities

90. Overall, once the works are completed, there will be a significant net positive social and environmental benefit to the people of Nagpur. However, limited negative environmental and social impacts will occur for short periods during construction period. Certain impacts can also occur in operation phase and during operation and maintenance. By careful pre-planning by the organization contracted to undertake the works all the negative impacts can be mitigated.

91. Since much of the detailing of the project components is still ongoing and will be available only when the contract bids are received, the impact assessment has been based on a generic assumption of typical impacts based on activities involved.

92. The Project-related activities are divided into two phases viz. the construction and the Operational phase. Under each phase, specific action-oriented impacting project activities have been identified.

i. Construction Phase: a. Site preparation - vegetation clearance b. Widening/ resurfacing of service road c. Highway/Canal crossing d. Construction activity – excavation/ trenching e. Storage of debris/spoil/stockpiles generated from excavation and trenching

(construction activities). f. Material transportation and haul roads g. Construction vehicles h. Construction equipment i. Labor camps j. Repair of existing water supply

ii. Operation Phase a. Operation of water treatment plant b. Leakage from pipes / treatment plant water losses c. Systems’ malfunction/repair of elements

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iii. Project Design Phase

93. ADB Environmental Assessment Guidelines require that an IEE should evaluate impacts due to location, design, construction and operation of the project. Construction and operation are the two activities in which the project interacts physically with the environment, so they are the two activities during which the environmental impacts occur.

94. In many environmental assessments there are certain effects that, although they will occur during either the construction stage or operation stage, should be considered as impacts primarily of the location or design of the project, as they would not occur if an alternative location or design was chosen.

95. However in the case of this subproject is not considered that there are any impacts that can clearly be said to result from either the design or location. This is because:

• Most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction of pipeline and WTP, and are produced because that process is invasive, involving trenching and excavation. And the location of the same is such that it has minimal possible impact.

• The significant impacts are as a result of construction process rather that design or location, as they would occur if this did not involve trenching or ground disturbance,

2. Identification of Key Environmental components

a. Ambient Air Quality b. Noise Quality c. Surface Water Quality d. Ground Water Quality e. Soil Quality f. Flora and Fauna g. Resource Depletion h. Occupational and Public Health and Safety

3. Environmental Legal Requirements - Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF)

96. Certain legal requirements on the national level will be applicable to this project and will have to be complied with by the implementing / responsible agency.

97. The Water (Prevention and Control) of Cess Act, 1977 and Amendment in 2003 requires the NMC to pay annual cess returns to the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board based on the stipulated rates according to water consumption (for the augmented water supply capacity to Nagpur City).

98. Trees to be cut along the pipeline alignment and the proposed WTP site will have to be approved from the Conservator of Forests, Nagpur under the Tree Felling Act.

99. During construction, environmental regulations as issued by CPCB, will be applicable for DG sets, stone crushers (if any), and motor vehicles used for transportation and material movement.

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4. Developing the Impact Identification and Assessment Matrix

100. Environmental matrices identify interactions between various project activities and environmental components. An interaction matrix comprises of the project activities on one axis and the environmental components along the other. Given that an activity causes a change in an environmental component, the change is represented at the intersection point of the matrix.

101. The effects of the project Activity on the environmental component are assessed on the basis of the criteria in Table 17.

Table 17: Descriptor Notations Used In Impact Matrix

Classification Notation Meaning Explanation

“+” Positive Impact (Beneficiary) Improve the quality of environment

Sign “-“ Negative Impact

(Harmful) Detrimental effect on environment

1 Reversible Impact which can be reversed after some time

Nature (Type of impact) 2 Irreversible Impact which exist permanently

1 Short term Duration 2 Long term Time for which the impact last

1 Local 2 Regional Extent

3 Global

Spatial extent of impact

6 High Severe – violation of standards

4 Medium Not violation of standards but severe issues if not controlled

Magnitude (severity of impact) 2 Low Insignificant impact that can be easily

controlled 6 Primary Impact 4 Secondary Impact Order 2 Tertiary Impact

6 Affects >4 components

4 3-4 Components Component

2 1-2 components

No. of components affected due to primary impact on environment

102. Significance of Impact is derived as a multiplicative of the nature, duration, extent and magnitude of the same due to a particular project activity. The logarithmic fraction is used to obtain amplification of the impact significance based on the order and number of components that are affected.

103. The following equation is used to quantify the significance of impact.

Impact = Sign [Nature X Duration X Extent X Magnitude] (1+log (Order X Component)

104. Appendix II and III shows the Impact Identification & Assessment Matrix for the construction and operational phases.

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5. Analyzing the Impact Matrix

105. In order to identify the overall impacts on the environmental components, during the construction as well as the operational phase, an analysis of the overall impact on each environmental component was made.

Construction Phase: Impact on environmental components due to various construction activities is shown in chart given below:

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Figure 5: Environmental Impacts Due To Construction Activities

Figure 6: Summary Impacts of Project Activities During Operation Phase

106. From the above figure the following conclusions could be drawn:

• The extent of impacts in the Construction Phase in the over all environmental components is relatively more severe as compared to the Operational Phase impacts.

• During Construction Phase, the worst affected environmental components are air, noise, soil and resource depletion. In some cases surface and ground water are also affected minimally

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• The operational phase is characterized by an overall positive impact on public health and safety due to augmentation in treated water supply, thus reducing likelihood of disease vectors and unsafe water sources. However additional sewage generation is a potential negative impact particularly due to lack of adequate STPs and / or septic tanks for sound disposal.

107. The proposed pipeline pass through 17 villages as given in Table 18. During laying of pipelines number of trees that come in the right of way (RoW) of the pipeline are presented in the same table.

Table 18: Summary of Trees Along Main Pipeline Alignment In Villages Affected

Number of Trees Sl. No. Plot No/

Survey No. Name of the Village Fruit

Bearing Non Fruit Bearing Total

1 Amgaon

62/2 " 8

69 " 2

2 Dundakhairi 0

3 Babulwada 0

4 Parshivnni

52 " 2 Babul 2

59 2 Babul, 1 Palas 3

5. Bhagemaheri

250 " 1 Babul 3 Bor 4

6 13/1 Bansingi 0

162 Itgaon 0

7. Pardi

64 " 4 Niwar kha,1 Roha, 1 Bor 6

65 " 10 Bor, 1 Palas, 3 Ajan 14

63 " 11 Khair, 6Bor, 6 Ajan, 1 Rohan, 1 Sag

25

71 " 20 Khair, 11 Hiwar, 5 Bor, 2 Babul, 2 Niwarkha, 2 Jambhul

42

122 " 1 Akta, 1 Niwarkha 2

34




8. 12 Nawegaon khairi

19/2 " 1 Mango

20 " 84 Orange 22 Sag 106

30 " 5 Orange

41 " 2 Palas 2

39 " 1 Sag 1

47 " 11 Bor 11

48 " 14 Bor 14

51 " 3 Babul, 1 Bor 4

9. Bitoli

30 3 Bor 3

31 " 2 Nimb, 3 Babul 3

28 " 3 Babul 3

27 " 1 Bor , 1 Chandan 2

26 " 2 Bor 2

19 " 2 Bor, 1 Padas 2

17 " 6 Bor, 1 Nimb , 1 Peru, 4 Sag 12

16 " 1 Peru , 1 Babul 2

15 " 1 Bor, 1 Babul , 20 Subabul 22

149 " 2 Peru ,1 Bor 3

141 " 2 Babul, 2

131 " 2 Babul, 3 Nimb 5

108/2 " 1 Babul 1

110 " 1 Nimb 1

112/1 " 2 Bor 2

114 " 1 Babul, 1 Nimb, 5 Bor 7

115 " 4 Bor, 1 Nimb 5

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10 Rohna

155 " 1 Mango 1

156 " 3 Mango 3

140 " 1 Mango 1

11 Ranala 0

12 Dahegaon rangari 0

106 " 4 Sag 4

178 " 1 Naral, 1 Jam 1

180 " 120 Sag 120

13. Nanda

5/A " 4

4/A "

4/B " 1

91 " 1

92/4 " 1

92/2 " 1

93/1 "

93/6 " 1

98 " 53

14 Ghogli

95 " 5 Nilgiri, 4 Mango, 56 Sag 65

15 140/1 Lonara 0

6. Traffic Interference

108. The WTP pipeline will be passing through NH-69 near village Dahegaon. During the survey it has been found out that there is not much of the traffic interferences found and hence will have a minimum impact on the existing traffic and only during the construction phase. Moreover a Horizontal Push Back system will be followed so to have a minimum impact to the WTP pipeline. Also during construction of the second part i.e. from Godhani WTP to MBR at

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Governor House 4 traffic links have been identified at Koradi road near Mankapur, Ring Road, Nelson Square and Sadar bus stop (Figure 6). There is considerable traffic since these traverses through the main city area. The proposed Project will have traffic congestion only during construction phase. Suitable measures to combat these have been proposed in Section 4 so that it will have minimum impact to the existing traffic links.

7. Summary of Environmental Impacts

109. A summary of environmental impacts is shown in Table 19 below.

Table 19: Summary of Environmental Impacts

Activity Adverse Impacts

Site Acquisition, Clearance and Preparation Loss of flora (about 580 number along pipeline alignment) and avian fauna along the alignment of the pipelines

Excavation/ Trenching or other preparatory construction activity and Pipe laying

Generation of large amount of soil spoil, stone and debris

Loss of Top Soil in cultivated area on the pipeline alignment

Severances during construction of Pipelines Railway lines, National and State Highways, Canals

Construction Activity and Operation of Construction Equipment along the pipeline alignments (raw and treated water) and New WTP site

Generation of dust and other air emissions

Generation of wastewater and pollution of nearby areas

Generation of polluted / hazardous wastes (solid as well as liquid)

Generation of Noise and Vibrations

Establishment and Operation of Labor Camps Generation of emissions to air, noise, water and land and depletion of resources

Water Treatment Plant Water Pollution in rivers and ground water due to increased wastewater and sewage generation and untreated disposal.

Water Treatment Plant Water and soil pollution by sludge /sediment production

Water Treatment Plant and Pumping Stations Noise Pollution due to pumps

Preventive Maintenance of Project Infrastructure Health and safety of workers and the public could be at risk

C. Mitigation Measures

110. Based on the above mentioned Environment Impacts an EMP is suggested which discusses the impacts during the construction Phase followed by the operational phase and the mitigations measures provided at each stage for each environmental component.

113. The EMP later proposes an institutional framework within NMC to carry out the environmental and social mitigation tasks and coordinate the implementation of the EMP.

112. The EMP has been developed to address mitigation measures/actions to be taken during construction and operation phases of the Project for the significant environmental impacts identified in the earlier section. The monitoring requirements as well as primary responsibilities have been mapped for each of these mitigation measures.

111. The EMP is proactive in nature and should be updated if facilities are being upgraded or existing facilities modified, at a later stage.

Environmental Components

37

Project Activities

Figure 7: Principles applied for developing the Environmental Management Plan

Insulate the receptors from

impacts

Modify or Improve

Restore or relocate affected

receptors

Eliminate or Substitute

Add a mitigation measure

Enhance Environmental Component

38

Activity Adverse Impacts Mitigation Measures Monitoring Parameters & Frequency

Responsibility Implementation (Supervision)

Site Acquisition, Clearance & Preparation

Temporary land acquisition for RoW of pipelines

Proper restoration of acquired land after laying of pipe for original use such as agriculture, road, pavement as applicable

After each section of pipe laying has been completed

Contractor (ESC)

Loss of flora (about 323 number along pipeline alignment) and avian fauna along the alignment of the pipelines

Avoid removal of trees wherever practically possible

Some of the large girth / ecologically important trees (including bird nests) should be transplanted or compensatory plantation of native species should be carried out to balance the loss

Number of trees to be removed, species / girth size, number of trees with nesting sites

Contractor (ESC)

Widening or resurfacing of Service road along the main pipeline from Pench IV to Mahadula

Emission to air, noise and wastewater

Operating practices of contractor should address preventive and curative mitigation measures to avoid, minimize or control such impacts

Ambient Air Quality, Noise – Quarterly

Contractor (ESC)

Excavation/ Trenching or other preparatory construction activity and Pipe laying

Generation of large amount of soil spoil, stone and debris

Proper disposal of such soil at nearby exhausted mines, material quarries or other low lying areas to reuse the soil

Volume / Weight of Soil Spoil

Contractor (ESC)

Loss of Top Soil in cultivated area on the pipeline alignment

Top soil to relevant depth (based on soil core samples) should be suitably stored till pipe laying activity is completed and then either replaced or

Depth of top soil to be removed by location

Contractor (ESC)

39



reused in other cultivable lands. In areas where access roads (if required) pass through cultivated lands, they should be carefully selected and routed

Pipe alignment crosses Railway line

The Pench IV main pipeline crosses the railway track used for coal transportation from Godhani to Koradi Thermal Power plant. Because the method of construction of pipeline will be horizontal push back system therefore the rail movement will be not disrupted for longer period. Also more number of workers could be used to complete the work faster

Maintain safe passage of trains, vehicles, pedestrians at all times

Inform rail authority of all work near railway lines

Conduct work near rail line when no trains are scheduled

Public Health and Safety should be addressed in operations

Preparation of safety plan .

NMC,

Contractor (ESC)

40



Provide and install all safety equipment to ensure safety of the working staff for any eventuality that may occur

Deploy a safety officer on each important site to ensure compliance

Disruption / Congestion of traffic - Pipeline RoW crosses NH 69 near village Dahegaon, Koradi road, Mankapur, Ring Road, Nelson Square and Sadar bus stop

Ensure proper traffic diversions

Inform commuters well in advance of proposed works across roads

Ensure air, noise and wastewater impacts are minimized by following suitable operational practices

Traffic patterns to ensure that diversion mechanism is appropriate and working as desired

NMC, Contractor (ESC)

Flow disruption and pollution of irrigation water canal which the pipeline crosses

The trench should be armored with appropriately sized boulders / aggregate to prevent erosion. Alternatively, it may be possible to use thrust boring, heading or tunneling to cross-streams without disturbing the stream flow

Quarterly Audits NMC, Contractor (ESC)

Storage, and transportation of soil

Soil / Dust emission or Storage: Quarterly Audits Contractor (ESC)

41



spoil generated due to excavation

spillage Minimizing on-site storage time of removed soil,

Stockpiles (to be used for backfilling) greater than 20 m3 volume should be adequately enclosed on three sides with walls extending above stockpiles

Transport:

Spray water on material to be transported and cover the truck tops to reduce dust re-suspension;

Use of Water Sprays or Dust suppressants to suppress dust on site due to vehicle movement

Restrict vehicular speed

Transportation of Construction Materials / Debris

Generation of emissions to air and noise

Select transport routes that reduce disturbance to regular traffic or diversions and avoid residential areas

Transport material only during night hours

No transportation allowed

Quarterly Audits – Quarterly monitoring

PDC NMC, Contractor (ESC)

42



during high traffic periods.

Keep soil, vehicles, and machinery off roads where possible

Vehicles used for transporting soil and sand to be covered on top,

Regular inspection and corrective actions on material loading / unloading practices

Vehicle emission norms such as Bharat Stage III to be applied to all vehicles plying on this Project

Routine checks on Pollution under Control (PUC) certificates

Regular preventive maintenance of vehicles to be carried out by transporter

Vehicle transporter to minimize use of horn

Use of noise mufflers on vehicle exhaust

Ensure that a proper signage system is followed in case of

43



traffic diversions

Construction Activity and Operation of Construction Equipment along the pipeline alignments (raw and treated water) and New WTP site

Generation of dust and other air emissions

Comply with relevant legal regulation on equipment

Keep soil, vehicles, and machinery off roads where possible

Regular preventive maintenance of equipment to be carried out by contractor

Use of Water (check availability of water) Sprays or Dust suppressants to suppress dust on site due to construction activities

In case of Blasting in rock (WTP site at Godhani): Ensure proper blasting techniques (techniques such as wet blasting could be explored to minimize dust and noise generation etc.)

Quarterly Audits ESC

Contractor

Generation of wastewater and pollution of nearby areas

Avoid excavation activities in monsoon period

In areas of shallow groundwater tables, discharge of pumped out water during excavation should be properly planned to avoid flooding / runoff to adjoining agricultural fields or stockpile

Contractor (ESC)

44



areas

At the same time reuse of such water in adjoining fields for irrigation or washing purposes should be explored and maximised

Concrete slurries (if used for base block of pipeline) should not be allowed to runoff in adjoining areas

Material stockpiles (to be used for backfilling) to be covered with waterproof covers

Generation of polluted / hazardous wastes (solid as well as liquid)

Wastes (oily, greasy wastes, waste or used oil, washwaters) from vehicle and equipment maintenance activities should be carefully stored and disposed off in sound manner as per the local norms applicable

Quarterly Audits Contractor (ESC)

Generation of Noise and Vibrations

Comply with relevant legal regulation on equipment

Construction during night hours should not be allowed (2200 to 0600 hours) particularly near residential and vegetated areas

Installation of temporary sound


45



barriers/ acoustic enclosures around equipment such as DG sets, stone crushers, concrete mixers

Adequate personal protective equipment to be provided to workers / labour in the construction area depending on the noise level exposure

As the RoW of raw and treated water pipelines is passing very close to sensitive receptors - Tuli School, Wonderland school & Mental Hospital proper care must be taken to position fixed construction equipment as far as possible and expedite work in such areas

In case of blasting: neighbourhood residents to be informed in advance and evacuated if found necessary

Establishment and Operation of Labour Camps

Generation of wastewater and Land Pollution

Provision of adequate number of temporary mobile sanitation facilities and / or septic tanks and soak pits for fixed facilities

Disposal of collected sewage / wastewater to existing STP or such treatment plants

Quarterly Audits NMC, Contractor (ESC)

46



Generation and Disposal of Solid Waste

Raise worker awareness on minimizing solid waste generation

Provide adequate solid waste collection facilities and ensure proper disposal in MSW

Discourage / disallow burning of solid waste


Emissions to air from fuel burning for domestic purposes

Arrangements should be made to provide a ration of a suitable clean fuel for domestic purposes to the labour

Discourage / disallow use of biomass or local firewood for such purposes


Generation of employment

Maximize use of local labor (atleast 50%) for unskilled positions, in part to minimize the need for temporary camps, and also to ensure socioeconomic equity for the local population.

Use of local skilled and unskilled labor could be one of the important contractor proposal evaluation criteria


Repairs of existing Existing water supply system uses pipes

Design infrastructure to avoid PDC NMC, Contractor

47



water supply network made of AC, a material that can be carcinogenic if inhaled as dust particles

known locations of AC pipes

Train construction personnel to appreciate the dangers of asbestos and to recognize AC pipes in situ

Develop and apply protocol to protect workers and public if AC pipes are encountered (evacuate area, require workers to wear breathing apparatus/protective suits, dispose of AC safely)

Quarterly Audits

(ESC)

Water Intake works Impact on aquatic biota due to impingement and entrapment in water intake structure

Proper intake structures that include screens or mechanisms to disallow aquatic fauna from entering pipeline should be planned

Contractor (ESC)

Water Treatment Plant Water Pollution in rivers and ground water due to increased wastewater and sewage generation and untreated disposal.

About 115 MLD of additional sewage will be generated. Since present STP capacity is only 100 mld additional treatment capacity (based on the Sewage Master Plan) will have to be implemented in parallel so as to minimize impact on rivers due to discharge of untreated sewage

Existing septic tanks in the city should be checked periodically for efficiency and maintenance

Master Plan on Sewage Treatment animplementation - Quarterly Audits

d Contractor (ESC)

48



activities should be taken up to minimize ground water and soil contamination

Operation of Water Treatment Plant

Water and soil pollution by sludge /sediment disposal

Dried inorganic sludge from the drying beds could be reutilized as filler material in construction activities such as roads, embankments, low lying areas or exhausted mines, or in brick manufacturing

The discharge of the decanted water from drying beds could be re-diverted to the WTP or discharged to the river after analysis

Contractor (ESC)

Water Treatment Plant and Pumping Stations

Noise Pollution due to pumps

Select low noise machinery; putting high noise equipment indoors;

Install noise enclosures or buffers

Wherever possible pump stations should be underground;

Establishing a suitable greenbelt buffer in the plant area


Chlorine storage in Chlorine room and

Water pollution by leakage of chemicals

Proper storage with proper labeling- with emphasis on


49



chlorine tonner room and Alum and TCL storage in Chemical House

stored in Chlorine room and chemical House.

Operational Health & Safety due to leakage of chemical

containment of any leaks.

Inspection of the chlorine room, chlorine toner room and chemical house weekly by operator of WTP for any leakage/spillage.

Leak detection apparatus with appropriate auto shutdown controls should be deployed

For large chlorine leaks, a chlorine scrubber system or an alkaline system can automatically start up to absorb the chlorine and contain the leak within the chlorine building.

Providing gas masks and oxygen tanks to workers.

Infrastructure not well maintained and systems malfunction (eg. Leakage of pipelines)

Effect health and safety of residents

Adequate design of the pipes, choice of proper piping materials.

NMC to develop a procedure/ mechanism to address citizens’ complaints and respond to emergency leakage situations in the shortest possible time. Prepare detailed O&M procedures for all infrastructure

Inspect and maintain all

Quarterly Audits PDC NMC, Maintenance Contractors (ESC)

50



systems as in O&M procedures

Replace all parts and conduct repairs when necessary

Water supply shut sown for long period for maintenance or due to emergency

People will be inconvenienced and their health may be at risk if water supply system is shut down for long periods

Plan work carefully to keep shutdown to minimum

Provide alternative water if practical (from the existing irrigation canal) to affected residents

Inform communities of any shutdown well in advance

Quarterly Audits NMC, Maintenance Contractors (ESC)

Repair of elements of Infrastructure

Health and safety of workers and the public could be at risk

Prepare and operate Health & Safety plan for all works

Quarterly Audits NMC, Maintenance Contractors (ESC)

51

V. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

Figure 8: Institutional Framework

114. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is developed to ensure that the Project is implemented in an environmentally sustainable manner where all stakeholders including the Project proponents, contractors and subcontractors, including consultants, understand the potential environmental risks arising from the proposed Project and take appropriate actions to properly manage the risk. This document presents the institutional framework necessary to implement the environmental management plan.

115. The prime responsibility of EMP implementation and monitoring lies with Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC) and its contractors (including those for civil, mechanical and electrical works).

116. Pench IV Project Cell (PPC): Incorporation of appropriate mitigation measures in project engineering design and implementation is important for effective and efficient implementation of the EMP. NMC should mainstream the environmental considerations in its project design cell.

117. Contractor: Most of the implementation of the EMP during the construction phase will be the responsibility of the Project contractors. To ensure that the Contractor complies with the EMP requirements effectively it should be made part of the special conditions of contract given by NMC and the Contractor must include adherence to the specifications in their bid (the cost of mitigation is therefore assumed under the contractor's price proposal). To assist this process,

52

the EMP is written in a format that will provide guidelines to be included with the tender documents.

118. All contracts will include requirements for implementation of the specific measures as per EMP provisions and good construction practices. Refer to Appendix 4 for samples of such contractor clauses.

119. NMC will be the Executing Agency (EA) of the Project. A Pench Project Cell (PPC) established in NMC will implement the Project. Project Management Consultants (PMC) will provide project management support, and assure the technical quality of design and construction, and supervise the construction process.

120. An Environmental and Social Cell (ESC), or its equivalent will be established within the PPC at NMC, to supervise the implementation and monitoring of Environment Management Plan both in Construction and Operation Phase. To ensure long-term and effective institutional capacity building, the ESC will comprise a Public Health Engineer (PHE), an Environment Officer (EO), and a Social Development Officer. Along with NMC-wide functions, the PHE will be responsible for the following tasks related to the environmental management plan (EMP) Project:

• Supervise and ensure implementation of the IEE/EMP by the contractor and other agencies involved in Project implementation;

• Coordinate with PPC on mainstreaming environmental considerations in Project planning, design and execution;

• Identify and update regulatory and statutory requirements on environment applicable to the Project and other operations of NMC, and liaison with the relevant authorities for approvals/no objection certificates and any other documents as required; and

• Liaise with external regulatory agencies such as the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) and coordinate joint monitoring of the environmental performance according to government regulations and JNNURM environmental monitoring guidelines.

121. The EO will:

• Coordinate and supervise environmental monitoring/site compliance audits, as outlined in the EMP, collate and analyse data;

• Prepare and submit quarterly reports to regulatory authorities and ADB based on the monitoring and compliance evaluation; and

• Coordinate with all stakeholders and provide inputs to the Public Relations Officer of NMC for external communication on environmental issues as required/requested.

122. Overall the PHE and the EO will work as a team and interface on common areas in fulfilling requirements of the IEE/EMP.

123. Technical Support: Some technical assistance may be required to build internal capacity in order to carry out above tasks and strengthen the ESC.

53

124. Local technical Institutes like NEERI or consulting organizations could be approached for such support from time to time in the form of:

• provide training to officials of the ESC in order to build technical expertise and capacity in the environmental and social aspects of Project development and implementation

• environmental monitoring and external auditing

125. The Project performance, monitoring, and evaluation will be done in accordance with construction and environmental standards as well as ADB’s guidelines on its Project performance management system.

A. Reporting

126. During the construction period, quarterly reporting on status of environmental and social issues is recommended on the basis of monitoring and inspections carried out on a monthly basis. In the operation phase a six monthly monitoring and reporting is recommended. These reports will be prepared by the ESC and submitted onwards to relevant local authorities as well as ADB for review and feedback.

127. The ESC should also build capacity and preparedness on handling environmental emergency situations during construction and operating period and prepare a plan of action for responding to such situations. The ESC will also house a grievance cell to accept and address grievances from interested parties related to the environmental and social issues in the Project implementation.

B. Grievance Redress Mechanism

The PHE and EO in coordination will address the grievances regarding environmental performance put forth by the affected persons. A register will be maintained to record the complaints with respect to environmental performance of the project. This will mainly be applicable in the construction phase during which most of the impacts have been anticipated. The grievances will be addressed within seven days and a maximum of fifteen days depending on the severity of the grievance.

VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

128. The public consultations carried out to identify perceptions on environmental issues due to the Project. Discussions were held with Regional Officer, Maharashtra Pollution Control Board, local community representatives and individuals in the Project area.

129. During the consultation with local people and the Project affected people, it was found that there was a general lack of awareness on environmental issues due to the Project. Also, people were more interested in issues such as land compensation and employment opportunity from the Project.

130. There is a need to formulate and create awareness programmes about the environment among local people, particularly on impacts during the construction stage.

54

VII. CONCLUSION

131. The IEE identified impacts as a result of construction and operation and as section D shows that none are expected to be highly significant, and all can be mitigated by relatively straightforward measures. The mitigation measures proposed in Section D should reduce all impacts to the level of no significance.

132. Thus the findings of the IEE are that, provided mitigation measures are implemented and monitored, the negative impacts from constructing or operating the Project should be mitigable.

133. The overall impact of the Project is highly beneficial, as once the infrastructure is in operation, the citizens of Nagpur will be provided with a constant supply of better quality water, which will serve a greater proportion of the population, including slum-dwellers. This should improve the quality of life of the people and benefit individual and public health by improving hygiene and reducing the incidence of water-borne disease.

134. Also the NMC will be benefited as the cost on losses and unauthorized unbilled water consumption will be reduced.

135. The IEE has assessed the environmental impacts of all infrastructure proposed by the Project and has concluded that all negative impacts will be successfully mitigated and that the Project is expected to deliver major benefits to the people of Nagpur. No further studies are found to be necessary at this stage.

55

Appendix 1

FLORA AND FAUNA SPECIES IN PROJECT AREA

List of Common Flora Present in Study Area

Sr. No. Botanical (Latin) Name Local Name Family

Trees

1. Annona squamosa Sitaphal Annonaceae

2. Annona reticulata Ramphal Annonaceae

3. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae

4. Adina cordifolia Haldu Rubiaceae

5. Azardirachta indica Neem Meliaceae

6. Acacia catechu Khair Mimosaceae

7. Acacia arabica Babul Mimosaceae

8. Acacia auriculiformis - Mimosaceae

9. Acacia leucocephala Hiwar Mimosaceae

10. Acacia nilotica Babhli Mimosaceae

11. Albizzia lebbek Siras Mimosaceae

12. Bauhinia racemosa Apta Caesalpiniaceae

13. Butea frondosa Palas Fabaceae

14. Bomax ceiba Kaetsawar Bombacaceae

15. Buchanania latifolia Achar Anacardiaceae

16. Caesalpinia pulcherima Gulmohor Caesalpiniaceae

17. Citrus aurantium Santra Rutaceae

18. Citrus aurantifolia Limbu Rutaceae

19. Cassia fistula Bhawa Caesalpiniaceae

56


20. Cassia siamea Kashid Caesalpiniaceae

21. Casuarina equisitifolia Suru Casuarinaceae

22. Carica papaya Papita Caricaceae

23. Dalbergia latifolia Shisham Fabaceae

24. Dalbergia sissoo Sisao Fabaceae

25. Delonix regia Gulmohor Caesalpiniaceae

26. Emblica officinalis Amla Euphorbiaceae

27. Euphorbia nerifolia - Euphorbiaceae

28. Eucalyptus sp. Nilgiri Myrtaceae

29. Ficus benghalensis Wad Moraceae

30. Ficus religiosa Pimpal Moraceae

31. Ficus glomerata Umbar Moraceae

32. Ixora arborea Lokhandi Rubiaceae

33. Limonia acidissima Kavath Rutaceae

34. Lagerstroemia parviflora Lendia Lythraceae

35. Leuceana leucocephala Subabhul Mimosaceae

36. Mimosops elengi Bakul Sapotaceae

37. Musa paradiscia Kel Musaceae

38. Madhuca indica Mohawa Sapotaceae

39. Murraya koenigii Kadineem Rutaceae

40. Moringa olerifera Shewaga Moringaceae

41. Nyctanthes arborthestis Parijatak Nyctanthaceae

57


42. Ougenia dalbergiodes Tiwas Fabaceae

43. Polyalthia longifolia Ashok Annonaceae

44. Pongamia glabra Karanj Fabaceae

45. Pithocelobium dulce Vilayati chinch Mimosaceae

46. Psidium guajava Peru Myrtaceae

47. Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae

48. Tamarindus indica Chinch Caesalpiniaceae

49. Tctona grandis Sagwan Verbenaceae

50. Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae

51. Terminalia tomentosa Ain Combretaceae

52. Zizyphus jujuba Ber Rhamnaceae

Shrubs

53. Adhatoda vasica Adulasa Acanthaceae

54. Barleria prionitis Katekoranti Acanthaceae

55. Calatropis procera Rui Asclepediaceae

56. Calatropis gigantia Rui Asclepediaceae

57. Carisa carando Karvanda Apocynaceae

58. Canna indica Kardali Cannacecae

59. Datura metel Dhotra Solanaceae

60. Gardenia resinfera Dikamali Rubiaceae

61. Hibiscus cannabinus Ambadi Malvaceae

62. Impomoea fistulosa Beshram Convolvulaceae

58


63. Indigofera tinctoria Nil Fabaceae

64. Lantana camera Ghaneri Verbenaceae

65. Nerium indicum Kanher Apocynaceae

66. Opuntia elator Nagphani Cactaceae

67. Ricinus communis Erandi Euphorbiaceae

68. Rosa sinensis Jaswand Malvaceae

69. Tabernaemontana divaricata

Swastic Apocynaceae

70. Vitex negundo Nirgudi Verbenaceae

71. Wrightia tinctoria Kalakuda Apocynaceae

Herbs

72. Amaranthes tricolor Chaulai Amaranthaceace

73. Achyranthes aspara Aghada Amaranthaceace

74. Alteranthera sessilis Galighosh Amaranthacecace

75. Argemone mexicana Pivla dhotra Papaveraceae

76. Ageratum conzoides Osadi Asteraceae

77. Aloe vera Korphad Liliaceae

78. Bauchania lanzan Charoli Anacardiaceae

79. Cleome viscosa Pivli tilwan Cleomacceae

80. Celosia esculanta Kombda Amaranthaceace

81. Chenopodium album chalewit Chenopodiacae

82. Hyptis suaveloins Rantulsi Lamiaceae

83. Leucas aspara Kumbha Lamiaceae

59


84. Mimosa pudia Lajalu Mimosaceae

85. Malachra capitata - Malvaceae

86. Oscimum sanctum Tulsi Lamiaceae

87. Parthenium hystrophorus Gajargawat Asteraeae

88. Polygonum globrum - Polygonaceae

89. Sida rhombifolia Chikana Malvaceae

90. Solanum xanthocarpum - Solanaceae

91. Sonchus asper Mhatari Asteraceae

92. Tephrosia hamittnil Diwali Fabaceae

93. Tridax procumbens Kamarmodi Asteraceae

94. Tagates patula Zendu Asteraceae

95. Tribulus terrestris Gokru Zygophyllaceae

Climbers

96. Asparagus racemosus Shatawari Liliaceae

97 Basella rubra Velbondi Basellaceae

98 Bougainvelea glabra Bogasnwel Nyctaginaceae

99 Coccinea indica Tondle Cuccurbitaceae

100 Cuccurbita maxima Kohla Cuccurbitaceae

101 Cuccurbita pepo Kashi kohala Cuccurbitaceae

102 Clitorea turnacea Gokarni Fabaceae

103 Dalichos lablab Wal Fabaceae

104 Momordica charantia Karela Cuccurbitaceae

105 Mucana pruriens Kajkuri Fabaceae

106 Tinospora cordifolia Gulvel Menispermaceae

60


Parasite

107 Cuscuta reflexa Amarwel Cuscutacecae

108 Vanda tessellata Vanda Orchidaceae

109 Cassia tora Tarota Caesalpiniaceae

Bamboos

110 Dendrocalamus strictus Bamboo Poaceae

111 Bambusa arundinaceae Katang bamboo Poaceae

Grasses

112 Arudineua setosa Fuler Poaceae

113 Cymbopogon martini Tikhadi Poaceae

114 Cynodon dactylon Durva Poaceae

115 Heteropogon contortus Kusari Poaceae

116 Sehima salcatum Paonia Poaceae

117 Sehima nervosum Sheda Poaceae

118 Vertiveria zizaniodes Khas Poaceae

Reference:

1. Working plans for Nagpur Forest Division, for the year 2004-2005 to 2013-14 & updated through field survey during Oct.- Nov. 2004.

2. Flora of Nagpur Division (By Dr. N.R. Ugemuge).

List of Fauna in the Study Area

Sr. No. Local or Common Name Zoological Name

Animals/Mammals

1. Deer Axis axis

61


2. Langur Prebytis entellus

3. Palm Squrrel Funanmulus palmarum

4. Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta

Birds 1.

5. Asian Koel Eudynames scolopaceae

6. Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus

7. Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocerus cathoecus

8. Bee eater sparrow Merops orientalis

9. Crane Grus antigone

10. Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis bengalensis

11. Common Babbler Turdoides

12. Common Pea Fowl. Pavo cristatus

13. Dove Streptopelica spp.

14. Grey jungle fowl Ballus sonnerafil

15. Grey Partridge Francolinus pondicerianue

16. Greater coucal Centropus sinensis

17. Grey Headed Myna Acridotheres tristi

18. House Sparrow Passer domesticus indicus

19. House Crow Corvus splendens

20. Indian Tree Pipit Anthrus roseatus

21. Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus

22. Indian koel Eudynamys scolopacea

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23. Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus

24. Owl Sivix spp.

25. Pigeon Treron phoenicaptera

26. Red Vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer

27. Rose Ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri

28. Tree Sparrow Passer monlanus

29. Vulture Otogypa calvus

Lizards 2.

30. Common garden lizard Calotes versicolar

31. Common Indian Monitor lizard Veranus benalensis

Snakes 3.

32. Buff striped keelback Natrix stolate stolate

33. Common green whip snake Dryophis nasutus

34. Common green pit viper Trimeresurus gramineus

35. Indian python Python molurus

36. Russsell’s viper Vipera russelli

Amphibians 4.

37. Indian bull frog Rana trigrina

38. Common Indian toad Bufo melanostictus

Fishes 5.

39. Magur Clarius batracus

40. Dhoma Johnius dussumieri

63


41. Cirrhinus mrigala

42. Magur Clarias magur

43. Murrel or sal mas Ophicephalus striatus

44. Chinies carp Cyprinus carpio

45. Catala Catla catla

46. Sole Cynoglossus macrolepidotuss

47. Rohu Labeo Rohita

Sources: Working plan for Nagpur Forest Division for the year 2004-05 to 2013-14

Table 13 Range-wise Area Statement of Nagpur Forest Division (in hectares)

Range

Reserved Forests Protected Forests

Zudupi Jungles

Non Forest Land

Total

Round

Beats

Com

Area Com

Area Villages

Area Area Area

Hingna 6 28 53 9512.40 50 5650.01 107 3241.30

19.52 18423.23

Khapa 4 11 11 2082.86 28 3522.39 124 2550.61

211.88

8367.74

Parseoni 4 19 39 7352.54 34 4554.24 49 884.98 0 12791.76

Seminary Hills

2 4 11 2707.86 0 0.00 42 610.20 0 3318.06

Total 16 62 11 21655.66 11 13726 322 7287 231 42900

Com : Compartments

Sources : Working plan for Nagpur Forest Division for the year 2004-05 to 2013-14

64

Appendix 2

IMPACT MATRIX FOR CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Item AIR SURFACE WATER GROUND WATER NOISE SOIL

S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T

Vegetation Clearance on sites

-1 1 1 1 4 4 2 14 -1 1 1 1 4 4 2 14 -1 1 1 1 4 4 2 14 -1 1 1 1 2 4 2 4 -1 1 2 1 4 6 2 75

Sand Requirement for Pipeline Base Block

Severances (roads, canal, river, railway)

-1 1 1 1 4 4 2 14 -1 1 1 1 4 4 2 14 -1 1 1 1 2 6 2 4

Excavation & Earthwork/ Trenching for Pipelines

-1 1 1 1 6 6 6 98 -1 1 1 1 6 4 6 71 -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 6 6 6 98

Storage of Construction Debris / spoil banks / material stockpiles

-1 1 1 1 6 6 2 41 -1 1 1 1 4 4 2 14 - -1 1 1 1 6 6 2 41

Material Transportation & Haul Roads

-1 1 1 2 4 4 4 98 -1 1 1 1 2 2 4 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 4- 14 -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 4 4 4 21

Construction Equipment and Vehicles

-1 1 1 1 6 6 4 71 -1 1 1 1 4 2 4 14 -1 1 1 1 4 2 4 14 -1 1 1 1 6 6 4 71

Labour Camps -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 4 4 4 21 -1 1 1 1 4 6 2 18 -1 1 1 1 6 6 2 41

TOTAL -1 7 7 8 34 36 24 363 -1 7 7 7 28 26 24 158 -1 5 5 6 16 18 16 67 5 5 5 20 28 16 147 5 6 5 26 28 16 277

OVERALL IMPACT -363.10 -157.95 -67.42 -146.95 -277.20

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Item LOCAL FLORA & FAUNA RESOURCE DEPLETION PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY

S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T

Vegetation Clearance on sites

-1 1 2 1 4 6 2 75

Sand Requirement for Pipeline Base Block

-1 1 2 1 4 6 2 75

Severances (roads, canal, river, railway)

-1 1 1 1 6 6 2 41

Excavation & Earthwork/ Trenching for Pipelines

-1 1 1 1 4 4 6 27 -1 2 1 1 4 4 4 98 -1 1 1 1 4 6 6 35

Storage of Construction Debris / spoil banks / material stockpiles

-1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 -1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3

Material Transportation & Haul Roads

-1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 6 4 4 52

Construction Equipment and Vehicles

-1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27

Labour Camps -1 1 2 1 4 2 2 28 -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 27 -1 1 1 1 4 6 2 18

TOTAL 6 8 6 22 26 20 188 6 6 6 26 30 20 176

OVERALL IMPACT -187.78 -200.40 -175.98

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Appendix 3

IMPACT MATRIX FOR OPERATION PHASE

AIR SURFACE WATER GROUND WATER NOISE Public Health and Safety ACTIVITIES S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T S N D E M O C T

Operation of Water Treatment Plant / Sludge management -1 1 1 1 2 4 4 -5 -1 1 1 1 6 6 4 -71 -1 1 1 1 4 4 6 -27 -1 1 1 1 4 6 4 -27 1 1 1 1 6 6 6 98 Generation and Treatment of Sewage -1 1 1 1 6 6 4 -71 -1 1 1 1 6 6 4 -71 -1 1 1 1 6 4 4 -52

Risk of WTP Failure or malfunction -1 1 1 1 6 6 6 -98 -1 1 1 1 6 6 6 -98 -1 1 1 1 6 6 6 -98

TOTAL -1 1 1 1 2 4 4 -5 2 2 2 12 12 8 -240 2 2 2 10 10 10-196 1 1 1 4 6 4 -27 2 2 2 12 10 10 -52

OVERALL IMPACT

4.61 142.30 98.25 27.10 149.44

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Appendix 4

Evaluation of the Environmental Institutional Capacity of NMC

Issues on Environmental Institutional Capacity

Status at NMC

1. Current environmental procedures

· Does the NMC have any formal environmental policy or procedures? If yes, please describe them and provide appropriate documentation.

· Are there any types of projects in which the NMC will not take part due to the environmental risks? (e.g., projects involving handling of hazardous wastes or

endangered plants or animals).

· Who is responsible for environmental issues? (name/role and title).

· How are environmental considerations taken into account in the credit review and approval process for project loans or equity investments?

· How are environmental issues taken into account in deciding whether to offer or extend commercial credit, working capital finance, trade finance, payment services and other financial services to a company?

· In the view of the NMC, to what extent is the nature of its projects likely to be subject to environmental risks, and how are potential environmental risks taken into account?

NMC does not have a formal Environmental or Social Policy on an organizational level

This information is not available at present

NMC has recently (May 08) appointed a team of Public Health Engineer, Environmental Officer and a Social Development Officer under the requirements of the JNURM to address environmental and social issues. NMC also appoints from time to time environmental monitoring and consulting agencies such as NEERI etc. for certain functions.

Not applicable

Not applicable

With respect to city infrastructure development (one of the primary functions of the NMC), key environmental risks would be related to adverse

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impacts that could result due to inadequate or ineffective provision of basic civic amenities. NMC does not have a dedicated procedure to address such risks but it is logical that some of these risks will be resolved through effective planning and control procedures during implementation

2. Staff environmental capabilities

· Are there staff with environmental training in the NMC? If so, describe.

· Are there technical staff with an engineering/industry background responsible for technical analysis of credit proposals?

· What experience, if any, does the NMC have of hiring or dealing with environmental consultants?

Staff with formal environmental training, other than the recently appointed environmental and social team, were not reported during discussions with NMC officials

See above

NMC has been hiring various local environmental consultants for some of its monitoring and environmental impact assessment works

3. Environmental aspects of existing portfolio

· To NMCs knowledge, are any of its investment/loans subject to environmental liabilities of any kind?

· To the NMC’s knowledge, have any of its commercial customers been the subject of environmental criticism? If so, describe.

Not applicable

Not applicable

4. Environmental services

· Does the NMC, as part of its advisory services, have the capability to advise corporate clients on the environmental risks associated with project finance?

· Does the NMC offer a service of investment in “environmental funds”?

No

No 5. Other issues and plans for the future

· Has the NMC signed any national or international agreements or declarations concerning environmental issues?

· Has the NMC ever received any criticism of its environmental record? If so, what was the criticism?


Pollution and public health related criticism (related to 15-20% contamination in the domestic

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· Does the NMC carry out environmental audits of its properties to analyze health and safety issues, waste disposal, etc.?

· Does the NMC have plans to develop environmental procedures in the future? If so, what are these?

water supply) have been received from the city population recently. A recent report indicated need to consider environmental considerations in a proposed coal based power plant project in the Nagpur city

No. However, routine monitoring on its water supply, STP treated water, ambient air and river quality etc. is being carried out as part of its mandate from the Central Pollution Control Board


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Appendix 5

Environmental Mitigation Clauses to be included in Contractor Clauses

The following contractor clauses on environment, occupational health and safety have been prepared to be merged with the GC and CoPA of the NMC as relevant.

The clauses mentioned herein can be documented under Sections 4.17 and 4.18 of General Conditions; Schedules XVI and XVII of Section 7 of Volume 3 of the Tender Documents for this project.

Additionally, clauses mentioned in the GC and CoPA on EHS as well as all mandatory legal & statutory requirements have to be followed by the contractor. These include requirements on monitoring, impact mitigation, safety precautions (for staff and labor) and incident investigation and reporting (monthly / quarterly progress reporting).

Activity / Environmental Issue Contractor Clauses on EHS Site Acquisition, Clearance and Preparation

On completion of pipeline laying the contractor shall restore the surface/ top soil (to relevant depth based on soil core sample).

Contractor shall, take necessary permission from the relevant Tree Authority constituted under Maharashtra Preservation of Trees Act for any cutting/ felling of trees, wherever such tasks cannot be avoided.

Contactors shall take proper measures for transplantation/compensatory plantation of large girth / ecologically important trees (including bird nests). Native species should be planted wherever possible.

Construction activities including excavation, trenching, laying of pipelines and Construction Equipment

Contractor shall, in accordance with the requirement of Irrigation Department, procure sand from authorized agencies only, for base block of pipeline and maintain relevant records of procurement.

In order to avoid runoff of concrete slurries (wherever used) to adjoining areas the contractor shall take appropriate preventive and mitigation measures.

Contractor shall, to the extent possible, avoid excavation in monsoon period, particularly in shallow water table areas.

Contractors shall, to avoid flooding / runoff to adjoining agricultural fields or stockpile areas, properly plan reuse/discharge of pumped out water during excavation. (the same can be reused in adjoining fields for irrigation or washing purposes)

During the execution of the Works, the Contractor shall keep the Site free from all unnecessary obstruction, and shall store/ dispose of any Contractor's equipment, surplus materials wreckage, rubbish and temporary works.

Contract shall take appropriate measures to clean up all street

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surfaces, sidewalks, and construction sites upon completion of activities.

Contractor shall not undertake, to the extent possible, excavation or blasting works in residential areas in day time (6:00 AM – 6:00 PM).

In case of Blasting, if required, contractor shall, to minimize dust, noise generation and for Public Health & Safety, ensure proper blasting techniques (such as wet blasting).

The Contractor shall build a magazine for storing the explosives whose size, capacity and design shall be subject to approval by the Engineer, and the Inspector of Explosives.

All Contractors’ Equipment provided by the contractor shall, when brought on to the site, follow applicable local norms on air and noise emissions and subject to preventive maintenance and monitoring periodically to ensure compliance.

Contractors shall take appropriate measures to Install temporary sound barriers/ acoustic enclosures around equipment such as DG sets, stone crushers, concrete mixers, as relevant and legally required

The Contractor shall establish field laboratory as directed by the Employer’s Representative for testing the material and equipment, as stipulated in QA/AC Manual.

Contractor shall provide labour / workers, working in high noise (more than 90 dB) and heavy work areas with Personal protective equipments such as ear plugs / muffs and safety helmets / steel toe shoes.

The Contractor shall prepare a safety plan and have it approved from the Employer’s Representative. The Contractor shall deploy a safety officer on each important site to ensure compliance.

Provide and install all safety equipment to ensure safety of the working staff for any eventuality that may occur

All operations necessary for the execution and completion of Works, so far as compliance of the Contract permits, be carried on so as not to interfere unnecessarily or improperly with:

• The convenience of the nearby public, or • Access to, use and occupation of public or private roads

and footpaths to or of properties whether in the possession of employer or of any other person.

• Safe passage of trains • Use of canal water for intended purposes

Contractor shall, throughout the execution and completion of the works:

• Have full regard for the safety of all persons entitled to be

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upon the Site and keep the site and the Works in an orderly state appropriate to the avoidance of danger to such persons:

• Provide and maintain at his own cost all lights, guards, fencing, warning signs and watching, when and where necessary, for the protection of works from safety and convenience of Public

Contractor shall specify the work implementation sequence for pipeline laying/ rehabilitation to local people, such that local inconvenience is avoided to the maximum extent feasible.

Railway track crossing

Contractor shall use, unless otherwise changed in engineering design, horizontal push back system for construction to reduce the disruption of rail movement.

Contractor shall inform rail authority of all work near railway lines

Canal crossing

To prevent erosion contractor shall, unless otherwise changed in engineering design, armour the trench with appropriately sized boulders / aggregate or use thrust boring/ heading or tunneling to cross-streams.

Storage & disposal of solid waste/ soil/construction debris generated

Contractor shall take appropriate measures for reuse/disposal of soils/ stockpiles to minimize on-site storage time.

Contractor shall properly stack the stockpiles with water proof covers (greater than 20 m3 volume should be adequately enclosed on three sides with walls extending above stockpiles)

Contractor shall, in addition to other alternative methods as suggested by the NMC engineer, reuse the soil/ spoil generated during excavation for backfilling and as filler material in exhausted mines or low lying areas nearby.

Contractors shall, in accordance with Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, Hazardous waste (Management & Handling Rules) & other local norms applicable, suitably store, segregate, collect and dispose the solid /liquid waste in environmentally sound manner.

Transportation of construction material/ construction debris/soil/spoil banks

All Transporters, transporting goods/ material/ soil/ solid waste who may have been or be nominated/ selected/ approved by the Contractor shall, in accordance with national & local regulation, comply by minimum applicable vehicular emission and noise emission norms and shall be quarterly checked/ monitored on Pollution under Control (PUC) certificates

Contractor shall undertake, to the extent possible, transportation of material during night hours (6:00 PM – 6:00 AM) and heavy traffic

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periods.

Contractor shall use traffic routing for implementation of construction works, reduce disturbance to regular traffic and reduce vehicular emission from heavy vehicles.

Contractors shall take appropriate measures to restrict vehicular speed on-site (limit to 20 kmph).

The contractor shall deploy dust suppression measures during the construction process and transportation of materials, such as periodically sprinkling water in certain areas and on transported material. Also the transporting soil shall be covered on top to avoid spillage.

Contractor is required to inspect and take corrective actions on material loading / unloading practices

Labour Camps Contractor shall provide adequate number of temporary mobile sanitation facilities and / or septic tanks and soak pits for fixed facilities for labour camps and provisions shall be made for disposal of collected sewage / wastewater to existing STP or such treatment plants.

Contractor shall undertake appropriate measures to raise worker awareness and encourage them to minimize solid waste generation and shall ensure proper collection/ disposal of MSW.

Contractors shall make proper arrangements to provide a ration of a suitable clean fuel for domestic purposes to the labour to discourage / disallow use of biomass or local firewood for such purposes.

The Contractor shall, make arrangement for engagement of local labor (atleast 50%) for skilled/unskilled positions, to minimize the need for temporary camps and to ensure socioeconomic equity.

Clause Conditions for Operation & Maintenance Contractors:

Activity / Environmental Issue Contractor Clauses Repair of existing water supply network

Contractor shall take proper steps to ensure sound and legal disposal of all wastes and damaged components from the system

Contractor shall develop and apply suitable management procedures to protect workers and public in case of H&S risks in operations

Due to Augmentation of Water Treatment Plant excess sewage generation

If proposed STP construction takes longer time Augmentation of water supply then Contractor shall periodically check efficiency and undertake maintenance activities of existing septic tanks in the city to treat the excess sewage generated.

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Sludge generation from Water Treatment Plant

Contractor shall, in addition to other alternative methods suggested by engineer, reutilize the dried inorganic sludge from drying beds as filler material in construction activities such as roads, embankments, low lying areas or exhausted mines, or in brick manufacturing.

Contractor shall undertake analysis of decanted water from drying beds and according to toxic content re-diverted to the WTP/ discharged to the river.

Water treatment Plant – Chlorine House/room

Contractor shall, in accordance with Hazardous chemicals (storage, collection and transport) rules, take appropriate measures for handling of chemicals in chemical house with emphasis on containment of any leaks.

Contractor shall Inspect chlorine room, chlorine toner room and chemical house weekly for any leakage/spillage.

For large chlorine leaks, Contractor shall install a chlorine scrubber system or an alkaline system can automatically start up to absorb the chlorine and contain the leak within the chlorine building.

Contractor shall provide gas masks and oxygen tanks and other Personal protective equipments to workers

Initial Environmental Assessment Document...guidelines, to reflect overall IEE findings and...

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