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Transcript of inglês CCAA 2
RG- P2- 1
VIDEO ENGLISHREGULAR COURSE
PROGRAM2
IJhis textbook, when completed, will
contain ali of the lesson texts andaccompanying pictures for Program 2. Vou
will complete the book by exchanging thetickets on this page for the texts andpictures for the 12 lessons which comprisethis leveI. Because of our special teaching
techniques, you can only exchange thetickets for the corresponding texts and
pictures when your teacher authorizes youto do so. After you have used ali of thetickets on this page and completed your
textbook, you may tear this page out ofyour book and discard it.
After sach text come the grammar
points of each lesson. These grammarpoints contain ali the information you need
to do the exercises in the call workbook
that accompanies this textbook.AI lhe end of this book you will find
.a list of ali new words and expressions
presented in Program 2.'
\i(
I
IIIr
rI
fII(I,II
I'
IIIII
I'[ (II
II
III
I!l
PUBLlSHERS
Writer
General Development
Content Review
Editorial Consultantsfor English
lIIustratlons
Inking and Coloring
Cover Concept
Cover Ulustration
, Layout
Project Coordinators
Proleet Supervisor
General Editor
RG-P2-3
PROGRAM 2 - TEXTBOOK
CCLS Publishing House®
EditorialStaff
Ann Tillerman
Ann Tillerman
Gustave Knust Mclntosh
Thomas Edward HasekH. Paige Graham
Carl WippertEdward DuvallMichael J. MerolaMorvan MillerGeorge Ney ValsntlmRobert Merola
Agnolds AlsivJohn M. LattaCharles Pitt Gryllo
Victor H. Brunnelle
Mark Mouty
AI Caris
Amanda EdwardsLaura Ross
Melissa Mitchell
Waldyr Lima
RG-P2-5
VIDEO ENGLlSH
REGULAR COURSE
PREFACE
The Video English series is the result of years of work by a team of
researehersand writers who have been studying and making use of the latest
developments in teaching English as a foreign language. The series has been
) earefully planned and or9anized so as to guide students to an aetive assimilation
of natural, everyday Ameriean English. Students learn both spoken and written
English and the appropriate language for different situations: the formal speeeh
used with strangers and the informal speeeh used with friends. They beeome
aequainted with Ameriean language and eulture through the study of newspaper
artieles, TV programs ançJeommereials.
The Video English series ineludes separate eourses for ehildren,
teenagers, and adults.
Thomas Edward Hasek and H. Paige Graham served as full-time
English Language Consultants for the Video English series. Mr. Hasek
reeeived Master's Degrees from the University of Missouri and Indiana
University. Mr. Graham reeeived his Master's Degree from the University
of South Florida.
PROGRAM 2\)
Program 2 - Regular Course is the seeond book in the Video English series
for teenagers and is designed for students who have some prior knowledge of
English.
Students learn the grammar, struetures and voeabulary of praetieal
Ameriean English through real-life situation dialogues. These dialogues serve
as the basis for subsequent elassroom work and present everyday situations,
sueh as going out with friends, organizing outdoor aetivities, playing games,
going to eoneerts, ete.
Program 2 eontains 297 new words.
.6- RG -r- P2
D.: Daniel Robinson
M.: Mike Wilson
L.: Leroy Brown
Mrs. S.:Mrs. Gladys Strickland
Da.: Dave Simon
H.: Helen Simon
Mrs.
JÁMrs. R.:
Martha Robinson
Mrs. F.:Mrs. Maria Franco
J.: Jean Robinson
Mrs. vi.:Mrs. Doris Wilson
Mrs. B.:Mrs. Melinda Brown
)
)
RG- P2-7
L I 8 T c O N TEN T 8O F
LE880N PAGE
13 Surprises IGrammar Review
9
14 A Spelling GameOrdinal Numbers (1st - 10th)The Sim pie Present Tense of the verb TO HAVE
(affirmative, interrogative and negativeforms - singular)
18
)
15 A Great IdeaThe Simple Present Tense of the verb TO HAVE
(affirmative, interrogative and negativeforms - plural)
The modal verb CAN (affirmative, interrogativeand negative forms)
29
16 SituationsThe Intensifier - 80Interrogative Pronoun - WHVConjunction - aECAU8EThe Simple Present Tense of the verb TO HAVE
(affirmative, interrogative and negative íorrns -3rd person singular)
41
17 SituationsReview of the Present Continuous TenseReview of the Simple PresentTense of the verb TO HAVE
(affirmative, interrogative and negative forms)Review of the modal verb CAN
53
18 Daniel's WeekDays of the weekInfinitive form of verbsThe Simple Present Tense (tst and 2nd persons singular)Interrogative Pronoun - WHENAdverbs of Frequency - GENERALLV, U8UALLV,
ALWAV8, NEVER
60
8- RG- P2
LESSON PAGE
19 71Summer or Winter?
Seasons and Months of the year
The Simple Present Tense (1st, 2nd and 3rd persons plural)
20 81A Smart Soyfriend
Ordinal Numbers (11th - 20th)
Dates
The Simple Present Tense (3rd person singular)
The Present Continuous and the Simple Present Tense
21 95Situations
The Simple Present Tense
WHICH ar WHAT?
22 102No Rest? No Way!
The Future with GOING TO
The Simple Present Tense (3rd person singular)
23 111Situations
The Simple Present Tense (3rd person singular)
Indefinite Pr~nouns - SOMETHING, ANYTHING
24 118Situations
Review of structures
)
)
10 - RG -:- P2 - Lesson 13
T'-\ITI C/\ I
SURPRI5ESI
)I
Man wearing glasses: Howmany hot dogs is he getting?
Man on the right: Three. Butlook! That's not a mano lt's awoman.
Woman on the right: Where arethe tickets for the show?
Woman on the left: They'rehere, in my bago
)
Man on the right: Is there a goodmovie atthe Ritz? .
Man on the left: Yes, there is.There's a great science fictionmovie: Fhe Robot Invasion.
RG - P2 - Lesson 13 - 11
Woman: Whose luggage is tnis? Man: Thal is Mary Harrnonsluggage,
Man in the middle: What's hisoccupation?
Man who is speaking: He's acar salesman.
12 - RG - P2 - Lesson 13
GRAMMAR REVIEWI. THE PRESENT TENSE OF THE VERB TO BE
AFFIRMATIVE INTERROGATIVE NEGATIVE
Iam I'm Am I? Iam not I'm not -SI Vou are You're Are you? Vou are not You're not Vou aren'tN
GHe is He's Is he? He is not He's not He lsn'tU
LA She is She's Is she? She is not She's not She isn'tR
It is It's Is it? It is not It's not It isn't
p 'Ne are We're Are we? We are no! We're no! We arsn'tLU
Vou are You're Are you? Vou are no! You're not Vou aren'tRAL Theyare They're Are !hey? They are not They're no! They aren't
11.DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
u---m------m~~
d------- [THOSE!~
u~d!THESEI
THISimply proximity.THESE
THATimply dlstance.THOSE
-Examples:
u~This is my brother. That is my sister.
d-----------------These are rny students. Those are my friends.
111.ADVERBS OF PLACE - HERE, THERE
RG - P2 - Lesson 13- 13
HERE
a THERE
Example:
IV. DEFINITE ARTICLE
The girls are playing.
THEis usedto identify adefinite
noun, and it canbe used with
singular and plural nouns,
14 - RG - P2 - Lesson 13
V. INDEFINITE ARTICLES
Compare these two sentences.
I He's a teacher. I
There's an apple on that table.
VI. POSSESSIVE CASE
Compare these sentences.
Leroy is Doug's brother.
The indefinite article is used before
singular countable nouns.
Ais used before consonant sounds.
An is used before vowel sounds.
That is my neighbors' house.
To form the possessive case we add s toa singular noun, indicating the possessor.Possessors are only people or animais.
To form the possessive case of a plural nounwhich ends in s, only the apostrophe (') is used.
THERE 15AFFIRMATIVE
THERE'5
INTERROGATIVE 15 THERE?
THERE IS NOT
NEGATIVE THERE'5 NOT
THERE. 15N'T
Example:
RG - P2 - Lesson 13 - 15
AFFIRMATIVE THEREARE
INTERROGATIVE ARE THERE?
THERE ARE NOTNEGATIVE
THERE AREN'T
"Isthere a pen on the desk?"
"No, there are two pencils."
VIII. DETERMINERS·OF INDEFINITE QUANTITY - SOME, ANY
is usually used in affirmative sentences.
ANV is usually used in negative and interrogativesentences.
Example: "Are there any doughnuts forbreakfast?"
"No, there eren't any doughnuts. Butthere are some pancakes."
16 - RG - P2 - Lesson 13
IX. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS - WHO, WHAT
"Who is he?" "He's Daniel Robinson.".
I "What is this called?" "A book." I
X. INTERROGATIVE ADVERB - WHERE
"Where's my pen?"
"Oh, it's here."
XI. INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE - WHOSE
"Whose videotape is this?"
"lt's Leroy's videotape."
RG - P2 - Lesson 14 ~ 19
T,-\IT/CI\/
I=; 5,OELL//YG GRJ~E
)D.: Hey, quysl Let's play a game. L.: Great! How about a spelling
game?
D.: OK. I have some paper here. D.: Sally, dopencils?5.: No, I don't.
any
)
D.: Do Vou have any pens?5.: Yes.I do,
D.: Ali righl. Let's begin. Are youali set?G.: Veah.
(RG - P2 - Lesson 13 - 17
XII. INTERROGATIVE EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY - HOW MANYHOWMUCH . ,
. Compare the sentences below.
How many sandwiches, ~rethereín your backpack?, .
)Aft~~HÓ~MutH: u~eán uf1countable noun.
After HOW MANV,Use a plural (countable) noun.
/
XIII. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Take a look at these sentences in the Present Continuous Tense.
He is washingthe caro
They are playing in the front yard.
)Forrnation:
: .
VERB TO SE CONJUGATÊD
IN THE PRESENT
. -" ,..THE ING FORMOF
+ TH~ P~'INCIPAL VERB.
Use: , .
We use. the PRESENTCO.NTINuous·;,Té~s.~ to
describe an action that is in progress at the moment
one is speaking.
RG - P2 - Lesson 14 - 21
~ READING TEXTI
Alice's Spelling Game
Alice: Hey, guys, how about a spelling game?
Daniel: Great! Do you have any pens, Alice?
).Alice: No, I don't. But I have five pencils.
Jean: And I have some sheets of paper in my backpack.
Alice: Ali right. Let's begin the game. Write, down your words.
We have one minute
Sally: Time's up.
Alice: You're first, Dave.
Dave: OK. My word is apple. Spell it, Sally.
Sally: That's easy: A-P-P-L-E.
Jean: Good. What's the second word, Sally?
Sally: tt's photographer.
Jean: That's difficult. P-H-O-T-O-G-R-A-P-H-E-R.
Alice: Very good. Now, wnat's your word?
Jean: It's alphabet.
Daniel: OK. A, B, C, D, E...
Dave: Oh, Dan! The word is alphabet.
Daniel: Oops! Sorry. A-L-P-H-A-B-E-T.
Alice: Pertect, Dan!
20 - RG - P2 - Lesson 14
D.: Write down your words. VOU
have one minute.
)D.: Time's up.
What's the
A.: OK, my word is banana. Spellit,please.C.: That's not difticult. It's easy.B-A-N-A-N-A.
)
C.: Strickland.D.: H'm ... T-E-R-R-O-R.J.: Dan!
I )
RG - P2 - Lesson 14 - 23
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OF THE VERB TO HAVE
A. Affirmative Form - singular
SI
N
GU
L.1--------1
A
R
AFFIRMATIVE
I have
Vou have a bike.
JB. Interrogative Form - singular
Compare these sentences.
I Vou have a new bag·1
I Do vou have a new bag? I
22 - RG - P2 - Lesson 14
ORDINAL NUMBERS
1st FIRST
2nd SECOND
3rd THIRD
4th FOURTH
5th FIFTH
Now lookat the examples:
: -,! \!;i11o -,
6th SIXTH
7th SEVENTH
8th EIGHTH
9th .NINTH
10th TENTH )
)
"How many people are buying tickets?"
"Ten. And guess who the tenth one is."
"Well, I'm the first, you're the second, and the tenth is... Click?!"
"Yeah, Click's the tenth. Sut ne's not a person."
24 - RG - P2 - Lesson 14
Now observe the changes from the affirmative form to the interrogative formo
/
)ln. the interrogative form for the 1st
and 2nd persons sinqular, use DO
before the subject.
S INTERROGATIVEIN
Do I haveGU good students?L Do you haveAR ---
Look at this example:
YES, IDO,I HAVE FOUR
PENCILS.
C. Negative Form - singular
Let's compare these two sentences.
I Vou have a new bag.j
I Vou do not have a new bag·1
-'- '" 'o.
RG - P2 - tesson 14 - 25
~ do not have a new bago
Compare these sentences.
I Vou do not have a new bag·1
I Vou don't have a new bag·1
Another example:
I HAVE
A BROTHER,BUT I DO NOT
HAVEASISTER.
26 - RG - P2 - Lesson 14
Now look at the changes from the full negative form to the contracted negativeformo
Vou
Vou
have a new bago
In the neçatíve form for the 1stand 2nd persons singular, use DO
NOT or OON'T before the verbo."
s "
I FULL NEGATIVE
NG I do nothaveU a caroL Vou do not haveAR ---
SCONTRACTED NEGATIVEI
NG I don't haveU a caroL Vou don't haveAR ---
The contracted negative form is
more commonly used than the full
negative formo
30 - RG - P2 - Lesson 15
-,-\l-I cr. I,c, GRE,c,r IDE,c,
O.: Two lickels for lonight'sconcert, please. •
T. A.: That's len dollars.
r
O.: Gee, Alice. We don't have .enough money.
A.: Look! Charlie andJean arein Ihal olher line.
O.: Hi, Charlie. Listen, can youlend me Iwo bucks?C.: Sorry, I can't.
J.: We only have ten dollars for. our tickets.
J., ."I
RG - P2 - Lesson 15 - 31
)C.: Ask Dave and Mike. They'reright there.
O.: Hey, Dave. Do you have anymoney?Da.: No, I don't.
O.: What about you, Mike?M.: I don't have any moneyeither.
O.: They're always broke.
O.: Hey, Alice! I have an idea. A.: The view from this tree is juslgrea!. We can see everything.
32 - RG - P2 - Lesson 15
~ READING -TEXT I
'~ O~ ,
li n (»
, )} ~ .--------,---~h ~~' ' ~~._~~-. ~~~~
,r::) _
l ' '';;0-// IÍ
(~' ' There's a Illo~'~~n~j~~
n ~\ great concert tonight ~~,} atElm Stadium. The tickets
are five dollars each, but I onlyhave two dollars.
Look! Dan and Jean are"~e
in that line over there. Do they haveany money to lend me? l'rn sure they
don't. They're always broke. Hey!They don't have enough money for '
their tickets either.But wait! What a great
idea, Dan! Now youcan see everything from
that tree.'~'~~~', /L,,(\",-. 'Ir .~~)
~ """". --~-----"~' .: " ~ . ~\)f..J~k,u ílllill" ••_.,
~- \~ -,'
, ))
r/
RG - P2 - Lesson 15 - 33
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
I. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENS E OF THE VERB TO HAVE
A Affirmative Form - plural
)
AFFIRMATIVE"
SI haveI
NG Vou haveULA ---R a house on Elm Street.p We haveLU
Vou haveRAL They have
)
B, Interrogative Form - plural
Compare these two sentences.
I Wé have enough ~ , AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Do we have enough milk?
34 - RG- P2 - Lesson 15
Observe lhe changes.
In the interrogative form for the 1st,
2nd and 3rd persons plural, use DO
before the subject.
'Jane's phone number?
INTERROGATIVE
SDo I haveI
NG Do Vou haveULA ---R
P Do we haveLU Do Vou haveRAL Do they have
WELL, WE HAVESOME MONEY, BUT
ITS NOT
~11__-=~~JL~~~~~ )
HEY, GUYS!DOYOU HAVE
ANY EXTRAMONEY?
)
)
RG - P2 - Lesson 15 - 35
c. Negative Form - plural
Compare these two senlences.
I We have enough milk·1
We do not have enough milk.
)Now observe lhe changes trom the affirmative form to the negative formo
We do not have enough milk.1
Look at Ihese two senlences and compare.
[ We do nol have enOUgh~
We dón'lhave enoug~~
Other examples:
36 - RG - P2 - Lesson 15
Check the changes from the full negative form to thecontracted negative formo
We have enough milk.
have enough milk.
In the negative form for the 1st, 2nd and
3rd persons plural, use DO NOT or
DON'T before the verbo
FULL NEGATIVE
SI do not haveI
NG Vou do not haveULA ---R a telephone.
p We do not haveLU ,
R Vou do not haveAL They donot have
CONTRACTED NEGA)WE
SI don't haveI
NG Vou don't haveULA ---R a telephone.
p We don't haveLU
Vou don't haveRAL They don't have
)
) I )
11.THE MODAL VERB CAN
Observe these sentences.
I' can go to the concert·1
)I Lucy can go home now·1
AFFIRMATIVE
SI can
I Vou canNG He canUL
She canAR lend Sally ten bucks.
-
p WecanLU Vou canRA They canL
RG - P2 - Lesson 15 - 37
The form CAN is used
for ali persons (singular
and plural).
To write an affirmative sentence with CAN, usethis formula.
SUBJECT + CAN + PRINCIPAL VERB + COMPLEMENT + .IN THE INFINITIVE
FORM WITHOUT TO
~ ~ ~ ~They can help you.
38 - RG - P2 - Lesson 15
Now observe how to write an interrogative sentence with CAN.
)
RG - P2 - Lesson 15 - 39
CAN + SUBJECT + PRINCIPAL VERB + COMPlEMENT + ?IN THE INFINITIVE
FORM WITHOUT TOThe contracted form for CANNOT is CAN'T.
+ + + +,Can they help you?
INTERROGATIVE
Can ISI Can youNG Can heUL Can sheAR buy a ticket here?
-
p CanweLU Can youRA Can theyL
Negative Form of can:
I CAN· + NOT • CANNOT I
To write a negative sentence with CAN, use this other formula':
SUBJECT + CANNOT + PRINCIPAL VERB + COMPlEMENT +.IN THE INFINITIVE
FORM WITHOUT TO
+ + + +They cannot help you.
)
FULL NEGATIVE
I cannotSI Vou cannotNG
He cannotULA She cannotR play now.
-p We cannotLU
Vou cannotRAL They cannot
Example:
CONTRACTED NEGATIVE
I can'tSI Vou can'tNG
He can'tULA She can'tR play now.
-
p We can'tLU
Vou can'tRAL They can't
·42 - RG - P2 - Lesson 16
T,-\ITI C/\ I
C ITI lOTII'NC_'I I un I us 1_'
)Steve: Hi, Meg.Meg: Hi. Sleve.
Meg: Bob, why is Steve speakingso low?Bob: Because he has a sorethroat.
Girl: Does your sisterhave mahypetstoo? .,Boy: Yes, she does.
Girl on the left: My brand-newsound system has a CD player.Girl on theright: Really? Doesit have a remote control?Girl on the left: Yes, it does.
j
)---:-.,;
RG - P2 - i.esson 16 ~ 43
Short man: Does lhe househavean alarrn system?Tal! man: No, it doesn't.
Ta" man: Sorry about that.
Girl: Mrs.Taylor, can Cathycome out and play?Mrs. Taylor: I'm awfully sorry,dear.
Mrs. Taylor: But Cathy still hasa lot of homework to do.
44 - RG - P2 - Lesson 16
~. READING tEXT I
Visiting Alice
(AI lhe Ooor)
Jean: Good morning, Mrs. Franco.
Mrs. Franco: Helio; Jean. How's your brother today? Does he still have
a sore throat?
Jean: No, he's fine ncw. But Dad's not.
Mrs. Franco: Oh, I'm sorry, dear.
Jean: Don't worry.. He's at the doctor's now. Where's Alice?
Can she come out and play?
Mrs. Franco: I'm not sure, Jean. She's studying. But,come on in.
(Inside lhe House)
Jean: Hi, Alice. Let's play in the front yard.
Alice: Not now, Jean.
Jean: Why not?
Alice: Becausel have a lot of homework to do.
Jean: H'rn... Sally can't play with me either.
Alice: Why? Does sh~ have homework too?
Jean: No, she doesn't. But she'sreading a book about pets because
she has a pet dog now.
Alice: Can you come over tonight? I have a brand-new sound system
with a remote control. We can listen to some CDs.I
Jean: Sure. See you tonight, Alice. Bye.
Alice: Bye.
j i I"~
i )
RG - P2 - Lesson 16 - 45
FURTHER USE OF ENGLlSH
THE INTENSIFIER - SO
This dress is so ugly. I can't wear it.
So can be used to emphasizeadjectives in the sense of really, very
or extremely.
Observe these exarnples:
)./ .
46 - RG - P2 - Lesson 16
PRACTICAL GRAMMARI. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OF THE VERB TO HAVE
A. Affirmative Form - third person singular
Let's compare these sentences in the affirmative formo
I, have a brand-new car·1
)I She has a brand-new car·1
Now look at the difference between the first and third persons singular.
I, have a CO Player.1
I He has a CD playeL I .
In the affirmative form of the verb to havefor the 3rd person singular (he, she or it), we
use the form HAS.
AFFIRMATIVE
I haveSI Vou haveN
G He hasUL
She hasAR a beautiful name.
It has
p We.haveLU Vou haveRA
They haveL
j )
RG - P2 - Lesson 16 - 47
Another example:
)
B. Interrogative Forrn - third person singular
Compare thesesentences.
I He has a CO PI~ AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I Does he have a CO player? INTERROGATIVE FORM
Now observe the changes from the affirmative form to the interrogative formo©
48 - RG - P2 - Lesson 16
In the interrogative form of the vérb to have
for the 3rd person singulár (he, she or it), we use
DOES before the subject and change the form
HAS to HAVE.
INTERROGATIVE
Do I haveSI Do you haveNG Does he haveUL .A Does she have a lot of pets?R
Does it have
p Do we haveLU Do you haveRA Do they haveL
Another example:
)
)
,\ )
(
RG - P2 - Lesson 16 - 49
c. Negative Form - third person singular
Let's compare these two sentences.
[HB has a CD p~
I He does not have a CD player: I NEGATIVE FORM
Now observe the changes from the affirmative form to the negative formo
Example:
)./
<! /
Compare these two sentences.
I~-----_·_-I~e does not have a CD Playej NEGATIVE • FULL FORM
He doesn't have a CD player. NEGATlVE • CONTRACTEDFORM
50 - RG - P2- Lesson 16
Observe the changes from thefull negative form to the contracted negativeformo
have a CD player.
In the negative form of the verb to have for the 3rd
person singular (he, she or it), we use DOES NOT
ar DOESN'T befare the verb, and change the form
HAS to HAVE.
Another example:
I HAVE A LOT OFPETS, SUT ALICEDOESN'T HAVE
ANY.
)
)
\I
j
FULL NEGATIVE
I do not haveSI Vou do not havéNG
He does not haveUL
She does not haveAR ' ", many toys.
It does n()t nave:.,
p We do not haveLU
Vou do not haveRAL They do not have
RG - P2 - Lesson 16 - 51
CONTRACTED NEGATIVE
I don't haveSI VOU don't haveNG
He doesn't haveULA She doesn't have 'R many toys.
It doesn't have
p We don't haveLU
VOU don't haveRAL They don't have
11.INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN - WHY
CONJUNCTION - BECAUSE
WHY is used. to ask a question.
BEGAUSE is com'moi1IYused to answer questions
with lhe interrogative pronoun Why.
Observe these examples:
56 - RG - P2 - Lesson 17
,-,TI '07/'-"\IC='11 LI/ IIIL'II_'
Dark-haired woman: DoesMrs. Robinson have only onechild?
Woman wearing glasses: No,she doesn't. She has two children,a dauqhter and a sono They'revery nice kids .
Mrs. B.: Qoug, go to Aunt Julie'shouse and get her mixer for me.Do.: Oh, Mom. Her houseis sofar from here.
. Mrs. B.: Uncle John has a bigpresent for you there.Do.: l'rn glad their house is sonear the bus stop.
()~,
) )
RG - P2 - Lesson 17 - 57
Do.: What do we have fordinner? Steak?
Mrs. B.: Yes, we have steak,mashed potatoés, corn andspinachDo.: Yuck, splnachl
Da.: Do they only have cats anddogs in this pet shop?
M.: No, they don't. I can also seesome birds, small turtles and fish.
58 - RG - P2 - Lesson n
,I
WJ lp~~l~lr~
, ' '.'_~. ~n' '. _: o" " . ". ,.' • ;' .. ;!f" . ' ~"" .', . ..' '.....•.•. ® '....• u '" ':~
~~~~o
~J
()
)
RG - P2 - Lesson 18 - 61
T,-\IT'C/\ ,
DRNIEL'SlJEEK
FRI Sl\T,
? ?
D.: I have lots of things to doduring the week, Alice.
A.: Really? What do Vou do everyday?
D.: Well,1 generally wake upat 7 ...
D.: ... Ieave home at 8 and walkto school.
A.: Whát time, do vou get'home,from school?D.: At about 3.
D.: And on Mondays,Wednesdays and Fridays I qo tomy judo class.
62 - RG ~ P2 - Lesson 18
A.: When do Vou play tennis?D.: On Tuesdays and Thursdays.
A.: Do you stay home onweekends?D.: No, I don't. I never stay homeon weekends.
D.: Every Saturday morning I goout with my parents.
D.: And on Sundays I usually visitmy grandparents.
Mrs. R.: Daniel, speakinq of busydays ...
Mrs. R.: ...go wash the dishes.D.: Oh, no, Mom. Give me abreak!
,) ()
RG - P2 - Lesson 18 - 63
~ READING TEXT I
Speaking ot Busy Oeys. "
Martin: Hi, Ann. Bill and L Gee! You're washing the dishes, Do Vou wash
the dishes every day?
)
Ann: Yes, I usually do, I always have lots ot things to do during the week,
Martin: My days are usually busy too,
Ann: Really? What do vou do every day?
Martin: Well, I generally wake up at 7:00, go to school at 7:30 and get home
at about 3:00, On Mondays and Wednesdays I play tennis, and on
Tuesdays and Thursdays I play basebalL
Ann: And when do Vou have your judo class?
Martin: I don't have judo class, My brother does,
Ann: Oh, yeah. What about your Fridays?
Martin: Well, when I'm not broke, I go to the shopping rnall with some friends.
Ann:
On Saturdays and Sundays I usually go out too. And Vou, Ann? What
?O Vou do on weekends? Do Vou stay home?
No way. I never stay home on weekends. I always visit my
grandparents, and my weekends are grea!.
Martin: Yeah? Why?
Ann: WeU, I never wash the dishes there.
64 - RG - P2 - Lesson 18
DAYS OF THE WEEK
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat.
~l!l. We always use capitalletters with thedays of the week.e.g. Monday.
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
I. INFINITIVE FORM OF VERBS
Look at this sentence.
I have lots of things to do.
The infinitive of a verb is the basic form ofthe verb and is written with "to."e.g. to study to have
to play to do
11. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
A. Affirmative Form - singular
Let's see an example with the verb to talk.
S AFFIRMATIVEI
N I talkGU
Vou talk alot.LAR ---
RG - P2 - Lesson 18 - 65
lnterroqative Form - singular
impare these two sentences.
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
10 I talk a lot?. INTERROGATIVE FORM)
w look at the changes from the aftirmative form to the interrogative formo
I talk a lot
In the interrogative form for the 1st and
2nd persons singular, use DO before
the subject.
SINTERROGATIVEI
NG Do I speak
Ugood English?L . Do you speak
AR ---
66 - RG - P2 - Lesson 18
C. Negative Form - singular
Compare these sentences.
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I do not talk a lot.
Observe the changes from the affirmative to the negative formo
Other examples:
Look and compare these two sentences now.
I do not talk a .lot.
I don't talk a lot.
j).
RG - P2 - Lesson 18 - 67
Observe the changes.
talk a lot.
\j, .
talk a lot.
Olher examples:
In the negative form for the 1st and2nd persons singular, use DO NOTor DON'T before the verbo
S FULL NEGATIVEIN I do not studyGU.
Vou do not study on weekends.LAR ---
S CONTRACTED NEGATIVEIN I don't studyGU
Vou don't study on weekends.LAR ---
68 - RG - P2 - Lesson 18
111. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN - WHEN
Pay attention to the use of when in the following examples.
IV. ADVERBS OF FREQUENCYALWAYS,NEVER
GENERALL Y, USUALL Y,
Do Vou always buy your clothes here?
Liz generally has breakfast at 8.
Bill is never here in themorninq.
I usually play tennis on weekends.
Use the adverbs of frequency to express how frequently we perforrn an actíon.
., )
I )
RG ~ P2 - Lesson 18 - 69
Now study this:
ALWAVSSun. Mon. Tue: Wed. ~.hur. Fri. Sat.
USUAL LVGENERALLV
Sun. Mon.
)./
NEVER 8
Use these adverbs of frequency before the
principal verb, excépt the verb to be.
Exam:ples: I never study on .Sundays.. Do Vou always visit your friend?"
John and I don't usually walk to school.We generally play~ spelling game duringthe class. .
These adverbs are used after the verb
to be.
E~a:rnples: Frank is-always here in the morning., . Are Vou guys usually atschool at 8?/i,'., . 'Théy are generally at ho~e on Fridays.
I'MNEVERHOME ON WEEKENDS.
I ALWAVS GO. TO MY GRANDPAHENTS'
HOUS E. S;iJ:.~bt.!:=V"Í
72 - RG - P2 - Lesson 19
T,-\lT, C1\'
5U1'l1'JE/<O~' Mt/~TE~' ?
c.: Brr ... it's really cold. I don't likethis time of year.
Da.: Yeah, it's freezing. I preferfali. lt's not so cold.
c.: Well, .I like hot weathér, Thesun, the be'aq~es ...
c.: In Rio, everyone is on lhebeach this month.
Da.: Really? Do they go to thebeach in January?C.: Yes, they do. It's summer inBrazil.
Da.: How do youknow that?C.: My family and I travei a lot.
--------------------~--------------------~~~~-----~
RG - P2 - Lesson 19 - 73
Da.: Is il hot Ihere in lhe spring100?C.: Yeah, it's hot from Septemberto April.
Da.: Well, winter's not ia badseason.C.: No?
Da.: No. Here we can ski,ice-skate ...
C.: OK, but people can't wearbathing súits.
C.: Watch out, Dave! Da.: Charlie ... I want to move toBrazil.
74 - RG - P2 - Lesson 19
~ READING TEXT I
O
~GOing to the Beach.--'
H· II, guys.Here Iam on the beach.
Boy, it's really hot today. Look at alithose people. They're ali wearing
shorts and bikinis.August is a good mónth to go to the
beach in the states, I like sumrner because wecan do lots of things: wecan swim, ride our bikes,
play baseball, play in the front yard ...Do you and your family usually travei in the
summer? Oh, you don't. Vou prefer cold weather.Yeah, winter's nota bad season.
Do you like summer too? No?Oh, you prefer to ski andice-skate.
Great.
Bye-bye,
student~.. .'. '... :.. ~~--f!i-, ' .. '. -'~i
),>
I ,
l )
RG - P2 - Lesson 19 - 75
SEASONS AND MONTHS OF THEYEAR IN THE UNITED STATES
)
PRACTICAL GRAMMARTHE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
A. Affirmative Form - plural
I, They want to buy a new c~
AFFIRMATIVE
s I traveiING Vou traveiuLA ----,--R every month.p We traveiLu Vou traveiRAL They travei
"
.76- RG- P2- Lesson 19
WE PLAY. TENNIS EVERY
TUESDAY!
B. Interrogative Form .~ plural
Compare these sentences.
I They vira"t to' buy a new car. I AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Do they want to buy anew car? INT:=RROGATIVE FORM
Observe the changes.
I they want to buy a new car
In the interrogative form for the 1st, 2nd and
3rd persons plural, use DO before the subject.
)
.(~
RG - P2 - Lesson19 - 77
INTERROGATIVE
s Do I talkING Do you talkuLA ---R a lot during the class?p Do we talkLu Do you talkRAL Do they talk
)Example:
C. Negative Form - plural
Compare these sentences.
I They want to buy a new car·1 AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I They do not want to buy a new caro,
Now observe the changes from the affirmative form to the negative formo
warit to buy a new caro
78 - RG - P2 - Lesson 19
Now compare these sentences.
They do not want to buy a new caro
They don't want to buy a new caro
Observe the changes.
NEGATIVE • CONTRACTEDFORM
~ want to buy a new caro
want to buy a new caro
In lhe negalive form for lhe 1si,
2nd and 3rd persons plural, use
DO NOT ar DON'T before lhe verbo
) )
) )
FULL NEGATIVE .
s I do not likeING Vou do not likeuLA ---R pancakes.p We do not likeLu Vou do not likeRAL They do not like
Look a! this example:
RG - P2 - Lesson 19 - 79
CONTRACTED NEGATIVE
s I don't likeING VOU don't likeuLA ---R pancakes.p We don't likeLu VOU don't likeRA·L They don't like
82 - RG - P2 - Lesson 20
A 5I'1RI?T SOYFI?IENO
D.: Helen, today's February 14.lt's Valentine's Day. Help mechoose a present for my girlfriend.
H.: H'm... Does Alice likeflowers?D.: Yes, she does.
D.: She laves tulips and rases. D.: But she has those flowers intier garden.
.H.: Does she like puppies andkittens? .D.: Yes, she does.
D.: But Mr. Franco doesrr't, Hehates dogs and cats.
)'
/
r')
'; )
RG - P2 .: Lesson 20 - 83
H.: Hey, Dan. Give Alice a newwatch. She needs one.
D.: Yeah, but I don't have enough .money to buy a watch.
D.: Wait! I have a good idea. A.: A box of chocolates! Thankyou, Dan. I'm so happy ...
A;: Have some. D.: Vou see? l'rn a smartboyfriend.
84 - RG,- P2 - Lesson 20
q~tREADING TEXT I
'.Elm DaUy PostVq/entine's Day Ads
Give your Valentine a pet for valentíne's
Day. Come to Pet Land where you can ,~
choose. a gift for your boyfriend or your ;fJzJfff I+.!iIH.!IDai
girlfriend. Vou can buy a puppy,
a kitten, a bird or a turtle. Pet
Land has fish too. Pet Land has
the !;Iift your Valentine wants.
February 14 is next week: It's time.
to choose a present for your
Valentine. Are you broke? Don't
worry. It's easy when you come
to Flowers and (3ardens. We have
beautíful flowers. Arldour reses
and tulíps are on sale "for your
Valentine gift.
,r(~\"',u
What can you give your boyfriend
torVaíentíne's Day? A book? But
. he' doesn't like to read. What
about y()ur girlfriend? A bikini? Sut .'
she doesn't like te go to the beach.
And it is winter. How about a big
box 01.. Sherman's chocolates?. .
T'he'perfect gift for your boYfriehd
, or girlfriend:Sher~an's'also has
a lot of other ideas for your" Valentine . gift. How.about a
watch?Sherman's has watches
on sale from today to Fe~rúary
14, Hurr' u !
y) (
~I
RG - P2 - Lesson 20 - 85
ORDINAL NUMBERS
11th ELEVENTH
12th TWELFTH
13th THIRTEENTH
14th FOURTEENTH
15th FIFTEENTH
16th SIXTEENTH
17th SEVENTEENTH
18th EIGHTEENTH
19th NINETEENTH
20th TWENTIETH
Look at this example:
NO, IT ISN'T. THIS
IS MY TWENTIETH.
86 - RG - P2 -- Lesson 20
DATES
FURTHER USE OF ENGLlSH
In the States, the date is normally written in theorder of month-day-year.We write.
December 6, 1950
March 28, 1991
month day year
We follow the same order when we conitert the date to an all-nurnber format.Observe this.
December 6, 1950 12/06/50
March 28, 1991- 03/28/91 -••
When we amit the year, we can write thedate two ways.
December 6 ar December 6th
March 28 or March 28th
When we speak the date, we always changethe number of the day to an ordihal number.We say:
December 6th, 1950March 28th, 1991
~number of the day = ordinal number
! L )
RG - P2 - Lesson 20 - 87
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
I. THE SIMPLEPRESENT TENSE
A. Affirmative Form - third person singular
Let's compare these sentences !n the affirmative formo
)
1st PERSON SINGULAR
She hates dogs .
Now look at the chançes from the first person singular to the thirdperson singular.
In the affirmative form for the 3rd person singular
(he, she or it), add an -8 10 the principal verbo
aa ;- RG - P2 - Lesson 20
AFFIRMATIVE
IloveSI VOU loveN milk.GU He loves
LA ShelovesR
It needs water.
pWe love
LU
Vou loveR milk.
AL They 1<;lVe
Now observe the example:
B. Interrogative Form - third person singular
Now let's compare these sentences.
I She hates dogs.
Does she hate dogs?
) ')
RG - P2 - Lesson 20 - a9
Observe the changes from the affirmative form to the interrogative formo
L-._[_~__ D_o_e_s__ s_he_h_a_te_~~.. ~ ~'
.~~i
In the interrogative form for the 3rd
person singular, use DOES before the
subject and write the verb ln lts infinitive
form, without -5.
J
INTERROGATIVE
Do I knowSI Do you know
N Helen's sister?GU Does he know
LA Does she knowR
Does it begin at 8 o'clock? .
P Do we knowLU
Do you knowR Helen's sister?
AL Do they know
90 - RG - P2 - l.esson 20
Other examples:
'}•
Alice loves kittens. Does Mr. Franco like kittens?
Alice needs a watch. Does Helenneed a watch too?
C. Negative Form - third person singular
Compare these sentences.
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
E-sn.lha .•d.gs·1 ~VE~ .
Observe the changes.
~ ~~ ~~h_a_te_"_~~~~
)
j
RG - P2 - Lesson 20 ~ 91
Let's compare these sentences now.
She doesn't hate dogs.
\./
Observe the change.
)
She hate dogs.
She hate dogs.
In the negative form for the ,3rd person
singUlar, use DOES NOT or DOESN'T
before the verbo Write the principal verb
in its infinitive form, without -s.
92 - RG - P2 - Lesson 20
FULL NEGATIVE
I do not needSI Vou do not needN a newbike.G
He does not needULA She does not need
RIt does not Iike cais.
P We do not needLU Vou do not needR a newbike.
AL They do not need
Other examples:
Alice likes kittens.
CONTRACTED NEGATIVE
I don't needSI Vou don't needN a newbike.G
He doesn't needULA She doesn't need
R1Idoesn't like cais.
P We don't needLU Vou don't needR a newbike.
AL They don't need
Mr. Franco does not like kittens.
Alice wakes up at 6. . Daniel doesn't wake up at 6.
I)
)
RG - P2 - Lesson 20 - 93
11.THE PRESENT CONTINUO'uS ANO THE SIMPLE PRESENTTENSE
Let's compare Ihese Iwosenlences._.~--~----~---II'm talking 10 Ed now.
II talk to Ed every day.
)THE PRESENT
CONTINUOUS IS USEDTO EXPRESS ANACTION THAT .IS
HAPPENING NOW.
Some examples:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
SIMPLE PRESENT
THE SIMPLEPRESENT
IS USED TOEXPRESS A
HABIT OR FACT.
)./
She's buying presents forlhe kids .
Alice is readlng now.
She buys presenls for lhe kidsevery month.
Alice reads every day.
94 - RG - P2 - Lesson 20
CLICK in... BE MY VALENTINE!
96 - RG - P2 - Lesson 21
TC\lTI L/\ I
CITllOTlnlVC...JI 1 I...JII1 «n t »
c.: Does Daniel like ali kinds ofsports?
J.: Weli, he loves to rolier-skatewith Alice.C.: Oh, I see.
.H.: When do you do yourhomework? After dinner?5.: Yeah,loftendoitafterdinner.
5.: Sut before my favorite TVprogramo
Da.: Whew! I'm realíy tired.5.: Why? Do you exercise everyday? .
Da.: I sure do. I'm an athlete.
( ).
RG - P2 - Lesson 21 - 97
)A.: Does Doug always have twobowls of ice cream for dessert?
L.: No, sometimes he has three.
J.: Does Helen know how tocook?
Da.: No, she doesn't. Sut shethinks she's a terrific cook.
Mrs. F.: Whichhigh school doesSaliy study at? Elm or Park?
Mrs. W.: She studies ato ParkHigh School.
/.
98 - RG - P2 - Lesson 21
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
I. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
.The third person singular 01 verbs ending in -y and -o.
Compare these sentences.
I He plays baseball every dayJ
He studies English on Saturdays.
As Vou can see, these Iwo verbs that end in -y have dillerenl endings when.written in lhe 3rd person singular (affirmative lorm). Take a look again ..
To write the 3rd person singular 01 verbs that endin vowel + V, simply add an -s.
e.g. plaV. plaV + s = plaVs•vowel
sav • saV + s == saVa•vowel
To write lhe 3rd person singular 01 verbs Ihat end. in consonant + y, substitute the -y lor -ies.
e.g. sludy. stud + ies = studies•consonant
RG - P2 - Lesson 21 - 99
Now look at this sentence.
I She goes to school every day·1
Pay carelul attention to the ending lor the 3rd person singular.
)~S-he-g-O~es to school every day.
,To write the 3rd person singular 01 verbs that enel
in -o, simplyadd -es.e.g. go. 90 + es = goes
do.do + es = does
Example:
)
BUT CHARLlE ALWAYSSTUDIES AT NIGHT.
ALICE USUALL Y DOES HERHOMEWORK BEFORE DINNER.
100 - RG - P2 .: Lesson 21
Now look allhese senlences in lhe inlerrogalive and negalive forms.
YES, HE DOESN'T STAYHOME ON WEEKENOS.
DOES LEROY GO OUTEVERY SATUROAY?
11. WHICH or WHAT?
What kinds of flowers do you like?
Which flowers do you wanl, Ihese roses or lhe lulips over Ihere?
We use WHAT when we lalk about an indefinilenumber of allernalives.We use WHICH when we refer 10a definile or limilednumber of allernatives.
Remember:WHAT is general.WHICH is always specific.
Examples:
I LlKE SOCCER,BASEBALL,
VOLLEYBALLANO TENNIS.
')
) )
RG - P2 - Lesson 22 - 103
rar» ClCCT =, ",,-, fIC'LII,IIJ «c zn : ,'U IJJII_l'
H.: Guess what. I'm going 10camp out.S.: Realiy? Where?H.: In Yosemile.
S.: Who's going with you?'
H.: Laura and her friends fromcollege. .
S.: Great Can I join you?H.: Sure.
)
S.: How are we going 10 gel 10lhe park?
H.: We're going by bus.
104 - RG - P2 - Lesson 22
s.: When are we going to leave?H.: Tomorrow morning.
H.: And we're going to arrivetomorrow afternoon.
H.: We're going to come backnext week.
s.: That's great. I need somerest.
H.: Rest? But we're not going torest.
s.: No rest? No way! I prefer tostay home. '
RG - P2 - Lesson 22 - 105
ctIl READING TEXT I
Camping out
Bill: Daryl, what are we going to do tomorrow?
Daryl: H'm ... I don't know. Do you have any ideas?
} BiII: No, I don't.)
Mark: Hi, guys. Guess what. I'm going to Yosemite tomorrow.
Bill: That's great.
Mark: Yeah, we're going to.camp out.
Daryl: Who's going with you?
Mark: My girlfriend, her sisters and some of her fríends from college.
Bill: Mark, can we join you?
Mark: Sure you cano
Bill: Great. I really need some rest.
Mark: Well, you're going to have a week to rest there. We're only goingQ..
to come back next week.
Daryl: How are we going to get to the park?
) ) Mark: 'fIe're going by caro
Bill and Daryl: Great.
Mark: Ali right. Now listen. We're going to leave at about 2 in the afternoon.
I'm going to wait for you guys at Laura's house at 1, OK?
Daryl and Bill: OK.
Mark: See you tomorrow. Bye.
Daryl and Bill: Bye.
106 -, RG - P2 - Lesson 22
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
I. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The third person singular of verbs ending in -cn, -sn and -ss.
Look at this sentence.
She watches her favorite TV program every day.
Pay careful attention to the ending for the 3rd person singular.
her favorite TV program every day.
To write the 3rd person singular of verbs that
end in -ch, -sh or -ss, simply add -es.
e.g. watch • watch + es = watches
wash • wash + es = washes
guess • guess + es = guesses
Look at this example of a verb in the affirmative formo
CHARUE'S A NICE BOV.HE USUALL V WASHESTHE DISHES FOR HIS MOTHER.
RG - P2 - Lesson 22 - 107
Now look at these sentences in the interrogative and negative forms.
/
DOES SALL V WASHTHE DISHES AT HOME?
NO, SHE DOESN'T.SHE HATES TO WASH
THE DISHES.
11.THE FUTURE WITH GOING TO) Observe these sentences.
I"m going to stay home tomorrow. II They're going to travei next month·1
We can use the structure going to
to express an idea, fact or action in
the future.
To write an ettirmeüve sentence with GOING TO, use this formula.
SUBJECT + VERBTOBE + GOINGTO + PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENT + .IN THE VERB
PRESENT
) ) + + + + +They are going to travei next month.
Examples:
108 - RG - P2 - Lesson 22 RG - P2 - Lesson 22 - 109
Now take a look at these two sentences. Observe these sentences now.
She is going to arrive at 6. AFFIRMATlVE FORM AFFIRMATIVE FORMShe is going to arrive at 6.
She is not going to arrive at 6.
Observe the changes from the aftirmative to the interrogative formo
Is she going to arrive at 6?
Notice the changes from the aftirmative to the negative formo
I She is noí going to arrive at 6.'
To write a negative sentence with GOING TO, use this formula.
Now observe how to write an -interroqetive sentence with GOING TO.I
SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + NOT + GOING TO + PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENT + .
COMPLEMENT + ?IN THE VERB
VERBTO BE + SUBJECT + GOINGTO + PRINCIPAL + PRESENTINTHE VERB
PRESENT
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ They are not going to travei next month.
Are they going to travei next month?
Example: Example:)SALLY ISN'T
GOING TO CAMPOUT.
112 - RG - P2 - Lesson 23
TC\lT/LI\/
51TUFtTlON5
Girl in blue: Hey, there's a messageIrom my mom here. She's at thesupermarket, but there's something toeat in the fridge.
Girl in blue: Let's take a look.
Girl in blue: Vegetable soup?! Girl in red: Are you on a diet?Girl in blue: No, but Mom is.
) )
)
RG - P2 - Lesson 23 - 113
Boy: Mom, is there somethinglanything I can do to help you?
Mother: Yeah. Put away your toys.
Dark-haired boy: l'rn going to lix myneighbor's lence this afternoon.Blond boy: Why?Dark-haired boy: Because I needsome extra money.
Blond boy: What for?Dark-haired boy: I'm saving moneyto buy a skateboard. .
114 - RG - P2 - Lesson 23
[{I) READING TEXT I
Going to the Supermarket
(At Home)
Bianca: Mom, what are you going to cook for dinner tonight?
Mom: I don't know. Take a look in the fridge.
Bianca: OK. Oh, there isn't anything good here in the fridge.
Mom: OK, OK. Let's go to the supermarket.
(At the Supermarket)
Mom: Look, these soups are on sale.
Bianca: But, Mom! Soup for dinner?! And Bob hates vegetable soup.
. Mom: Oh, yeah, your brother doesn't like vegetables. How about steak
and fries?
Bianca: OK. And let's get some ice .cream for dessert.
Mom:But I'm on a diet, Bianca.
Bianca: Mom, the ice crearn is for Bob and m~.
(At Home)
Mom: Bob, we're home. Where are you?
Bianca: I don't think he's here, Mom. There's a message here for you on
the table.
Mom: H'm, Bob's at Mrs. Forrester's house. He's fixing her fence.
Bianca: Oh, yeah. He needs extra money.
Mom: What for?
Bianca: He's saving to buy a new skateboard. Is he coming back for dinner?
Mom: Ves, he's going to be back at 6. Let's put these things away and
cook dinner.
I
)
)
RG - P2 - Lesson 23 - 115
PRACTICAL GRAMMAR
I. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The third person singular of verbs ending ín -x.
Look at this sentence.
Nolan usually fixes his bike.
Now pay attention to the ending for this verb in the 3rd person singular.)
rl.. I'"•• p
'..To write the 3rd person singular of verbs that
end ,in -x, simply add -es.
e.g. fix • fix + es = fixes
Look at this example of a verb in the affirmative formo
)Now look at these sentences in the interrogative and negative forms.
NO, HE DOESN'T.HE DOESN'T FIXCARS. HE FIXES
REFRIGERATORS.
DOES MR. BAKERFIX YOUR DAD'S
CAR?
116 - RG - P2 - Lesson 23
11. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS - SOMETHING, ANYTHINGTake a look ai Ihese senlences..
There's something 10eat in the fridge. IThere isn't anything to eat in lhe fridge.
Is there anything/something to eat in the fridge?
a. In affirmative sentences, we generally usesomething.
b. In negative sentences, we generally use anything.c. In interroga tive sentences, we can use something
or anything.
Examples:
HEY, THERE'S SOMETHING
IN THIS SOX.
I DON'T HAVE ANYTHING
TO DO TODAY. I'M
GOING TO STAY HOME AND REST.
f)
)
r)
RG - P2 - Lesson 24 - 11 9
T1-\/Ttel\'
S/TURTlONS
)Girl . on lhe left: Let's go to themovies now.Girl on lhe right: Sounds good. Iwantto see that new movie at the Palace.
Girl on the right: Let's call Jane.She's not doing anythihg specialGirl on the left: OK.
Mother: Watch the baggage, Sam.l'rn going to get something to read.Sam: Mom, can you get a rockmagazine for me?Mother: Sure.
Sam: Wow, look at these neatmagazines!
Mother: Sob, are you going to fix lhedoghouse today?Bob: Sure, Mom. Wherearethetools?
Mother: The hammer and the nailsare in the toolbox.Bob: OK, Eddy. Let's get 10 it.