Information Systems:Concepts, Trends, Issues

Ch 1-3

Turban, McLean, Wetherbe

Why Study Information Technology?

Moore’s Law:

Chip capacity doubles every 18 Months.

The Value of Technology

Electric Power Growth Trends

The Value of Technology

IT Growth Trends

Next Generation

Information

DATA: facts that are needed to operate a business.

INFORMATION: data organized into a form needed by an application.

INFORMATION SYSTEM: hardware, software and procedures that maintain data and convert it into usable information.

Information System An information system (IS) collects, processes, stores,

analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose. Like any other system, an information system includes inputs (data, instructions) and outputs (reports, calculations). It processes the inputs by using technology such as PCs and produces outputs that are sent to users or to other systems via electronic networks and a feedback mechanism that controls the operation.

Properties of Data

Accuracy Completeness Cost Flexibility Relevance

Granularity Timeliness Verifiability Value

Basics of the MIS Discipline

TechnologyComputing Telecommunications

DevelopmentData Process Network

ManagementOperations Strategy

Technology

Development

Management

Computer Based Information System

Hardware Software Data Network Procedures People

Hardware

Software

PeopleDataApplicationApplication

More than hardware More than hardware and software and software

Information System – Primary Purpose

Data» Elementary description of things, events, activities, and

transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored, but not organized to convey any specific meeting

Information» Data that has been organized so that they have meaning and

value to the recipient

Knowledge» Information that has been organized and processed to

convey understanding, experience and expertise as they apply to a current problem or activity

Collects data, processes it into information then converts information into knowledge for a specific purpose.

Information System - Classification By Support

Function

Operational Managers

Data Workers

Middle Managers

Senior MgrExecutive Support SystemExecutive Support System

Management Information SystemManagement Information System

Decision Support SystemDecision Support System

Intelligent Support SystemsIntelligent Support Systems

Knowledge Management SystemKnowledge Management System

Office Automation SystemOffice Automation System

Transaction Processing SystemTransaction Processing System

•5-year sales trend•Profit Planning•5-year budget forecasting•Product development

•Sales Management•Inventory Control•Annual budget•Production Scheduling•Cost Analysis•Pricing Analysis

•Simulation•Pgm coding•System support•Word Processing•Desktop Publishing

•Order Processing•Fulfillment•Material Movement•A/R, A/P, GL•Payroll•POS

Functions of an Information System

Collect

Process

StoreRetrieve

Analyze

Disseminate

= Type I

Type II =

Information Architectures

Type I SystemsTransaction based systems with many low

value operations

Type II SystemsDecision enhancing system with few high value

operations

Development Approaches

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Prototyping Purchasing Outsourcing

Competitive Environment

Global Economy

New Economics

Complex Environment

The Internet

Technology Environment