Information Systems

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Inam Ul-Haq

Lecturer Computer Science

MS Computer Science Sweden

inam@ue.edu.pk

Inam.bth@gmail.com

Information Systems

• Why Do People Need Information?

• Individuals - Entertainment and Enlightenment

• Businesses - Decision making, Problem Solving and Control

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Information Systems• Data vs. Information

• Data• A “given,” fact; a number, a statement, or a picture

• The raw materials in the production of information

• Information• Data that have meaning within a context, data after process

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Data, Information, and Systems

• Generating Information• Computer-based ISs take data as raw material, process it, and

produce information as output. (Definition of Computer)

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4Input-process-output

Information Systems• What Is a System?• System: A set of Components that work together to achieve a

common Goal• Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of more

than one system are combined to reach an ultimate goal• Closed System: Stand-alone system that has no contact with

other systems• Open System: System that interfaces with other systems

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Information Systems• Definition

IS is combination of

hardware,

software,

and telecommunications networks

that people build, collect, and distribute useful data, typically in organizational settings

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Information Systems

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7Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy

Why Study IS?• Information Systems Careers• Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning (ERP), database

administrator, telecommunications specialist, consulting, etc.

• Knowledge Workers• Knowledge workers are typically professionals who are relatively well educated

and who create, modify, and/or synthesize knowledge as a fundamental part of their jobs.

• Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how to use information technology.

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Types of Information Systems• Transaction processing System (TPS)• Knowledge Management System (KMS)• Learning Management Systems (LMS)• Database Management System (DBMS)• Office Information Systems (OIS)

• Management Information System (MIS)

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Information SystemBasic Components (For computer-based IS)

An IS using computer technology to carry out some or all of its planned tasks.

•Hardware- these are the devices like the monitor, processor, printer and keyboard, all of which work together to accept, process, show data and information.

•Software- are the programs that allow the hardware to process the data.

•Databases- are the gathering of associated files or tables containing related data.

•Networks- are a connecting system that allows diverse computers to distribute resources.

•Procedures- are the commands for combining the components above to process information and produce the preferred output.

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Examples•Examples

1- People in organizations use information systems to process sales transactions, manage loan applications, or help financial analysts decide where, when, and how to invest.

2-Product managers also use them to help decide where, when, and how to market their products and related services, and production managers use them to help decide when and how to manufacture products.

3-Information systems also enable us to get cash from ATMs, communicate by live video with people in other parts of the world, and buy concert or airline tickets.

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Learning Assignment (4 Marks)

• Study on FedEx to know its Information System.• Study on • Transaction processing system• Library Information System• Decision Support System• Office Automation System• Online Ticketing System• GIS• Office Automation System• Expert System

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References• Information Systems Today: Managing in the Digital World, Fourth Edition, by Joe

Valacich and Christoph Schneider. Published by Prentice Hall.

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