Information Systems 2011

8/3/2019 Information Systems 2011

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INFORMATION

SYSTEMS


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Outline

Information System Definition

Management Information System (MIS)

MIS Concept MIS Significance

MIS Structure

Types of Information System Functional Information System

Support Information System


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Information System - Definition

Information System is a combination of

people, hardware, software, communicationdevices, network and data resources thatprocesses (can be storing, retrieving,transforming information) data and

information for a specific purpose.


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Information System


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Management Information System

Management:Planning

OrganizingControllingLeadingCommunicating

Information:

Meaningful / Processed DataSystem:

Set of elements arranged in an orderly manner toaccomplish an objective.

Management Information System:An integrated user-machine system for providinginformation to support the operations, managementanalysis, and decision making functions in anorganization.


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MIS as an evolving concept Process large amount of data and present it in the form

of reports at regular intervals.

System must be individual oriented

Information must be presented in such a form andformat that it creates an impact on its user.

Reporting and analysis must follow some norms

Should be adaptive to the changing environment.

Should work on a database

System must be decentralised

User of MIS must be independent of computer

professionals

MIS must be a decision making system


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Present Concept of MIS

A system which handles the databases,provides computing facilities to the end userand gives a variety of decision making tools tothe user of the system


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MIS StructureConceptual View


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MIS StructurePhysical View


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Academic Disciplines in MISTechnical

Approaches

BehavioralApproaches

ManagementScience

OperationsResearch

Sociology

Economics

ComputerScience

Psychology


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Role of MIS in an organisation

Collection of Data

Processing of Data

Dissemination of Information

Fulfill the information needs of anindividual, a group of individuals,managers and top management


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Role of MIS

Systems used for role fulfillment

Query Systems

Analysis Systems Modeling Systems

Decision Support System


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Role of MIS

MIS helps in

Strategic Planning

Management Control

Operational Control

Transaction Processing

Top

Middle

Lower


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Impact of MIS on organisation

Management of different departmentsbecomes more efficient

Better understanding of the businessitself

Systemisation of business operations

Pull the entire organisation towards thecorporate goals and objectives

Managerial Efficiency Drudgery of clerical work transferred to

the computer system


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Types of Information Systems


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Major Types of Systems inOrganisation

Executive Support Systems (ESS)

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

Management Information Systems (MIS)

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)


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Transaction ProcessingSystems (TPS):

Management level

Inputs: Daily Transactions (raw data)

Processing: Simple Programs

Outputs: Database / Summary Reports

Users: Lower Level Managers

Example: Payroll


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Transaction Processing Systems(TPS):

Basic business systems that servethe operational level

A computerized system that

performs and records the dailyroutine transactions necessary tothe conduct of the business


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Management InformationSystem (MIS):

Management level

Inputs: High volume data

Processing: Simple models

Outputs: Summary reports

Users: Middle managers

Example: Annual budgeting


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Management InformationSystem

Structured and semi-structureddecisions

Report control oriented

Past and present data

Internal orientation

Lengthy design process


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Decision Support System (DSS):

Management level

Inputs: Low volume data

Processing: Interactive

Outputs: Decision analysis

Users: Professionals, staff

Example: Contract cost analysis


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Executive Support System (ESS):

Strategic level

Inputs: Aggregate data

Processing: Interactive

Outputs: Projections

Users: Senior managers

Example: 5-year operating plan


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Executive Support System

Top level management

Designed to the individual

Ties CEO to all levels

Very expensive to keep up

Extensive support staff


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Subsystems of MIS

MIS is a federation of subsystems.

Subsystems of MIS can be definedaccording to the organisationalfunctions which they support andaccording to managerial activities forwhich they are used.


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Organisational Function Subsystems

Marketing

Manufacturing

Logistics

Personnel

Finance and Accounting

Information Processing

Top Management


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Functional Subsystems

Database

Database Management System

Mar

keting

Prod

uction

Log

istics

Personnel

Financean

dAccounting

Informatio

nProcessing

TopMa

nagement


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Activities Subsystems


Ex: Processing of orders, shipments and receipts

Operational Control

Ex: Scheduling of activities and performance reports

Management Control

Ex: Formulation of budgets and resource allocation Strategic Planning

Ex: Formulation of objectives and strategic plans


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Relation of activities to functional subsystems

Database

Database Management System

Strategic Planning

Management Control

Operational Control


Marketing

Production

Logistics

Pers

onnel

Fina

nceand

Accounting

Information

Proc

essing

TopMan

agement

Information Systems 2011

Documents

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