Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek...
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![Page 1: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Influences on the ConstitutionInfluences on the Constitution
![Page 2: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Foundations: Greece and Rome
• Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization
• Aristotle’s classification of government
• The ancient Roman Republic
A Roman tribune presiding over a council of citizens
![Page 3: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Magna Carta
• Signed by King John of England in 1215
• Placed monarchs and magistrates under rule of law
• Established English common law
• Influenced the Fifth Amendment
![Page 4: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Thomas Hobbes• Leviathan (1651)• Discusses the origin of
centralized government• Explains the “social
contract” theory• Early humans gave up a
“state of nature” for government’s protection
The cover of Leviathan depicts government as an unruly monster
![Page 5: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
John Locke• Two Treatises of Government
(1689)• “Natural rights” to “life,
liberty, and property”• Government responsible for
protecting the people’s rights
• The people have the right to change their government
John Locke
![Page 6: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Montesquieu
• The Spirit of the Laws (1748)
• Classified government into three types:–Monarchies– Republics– Despotisms
• Developed the concept of separation of powers Charles de Secondat,
Baron de Montesquieu
![Page 7: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Albany Plan of Union
• Proposed in 1754 by Benjamin Franklin
• Early attempt at uniting colonies
• Based in part on Iroquois Confederacy
• Never adopted, but served as a rough draft for Articles and Constitution
Benjamin Franklin’s famous “Join Or Die” cartoon, published to support the Albany
Plan of Union
![Page 8: Influences on the Constitution. Foundations: Greece and Rome Democratic elements of ancient Greek civilization Aristotle’s classification of government.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050900/5a4d1b1e7f8b9ab059994707/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Declaration of Independence
• Thomas Jefferson (1776)• Does not institute a
government• Borrowed heavily from
Locke’s concepts of natural rights
• Designates government as protector of these rights
Thomas Jefferson