Inflow Control Devices - API Ballotsballots.api.org/ecs/sc19/ballots/docs/19ICD_e1-20190612.pdf ·...

This document is not an API Standard; it is under consideration within an API technical committee but has not received all approvals required to become an API Standard. It shall not be reproduced or circulated or quoted, in whole or in part, outside of API committee activities except with the approval of the Chairman of the committee having jurisdiction and staff of the API Standards Dept. Copyright API. All rights reserved.

© American Petroleum Institute

Inflow Control Devices

API SPECIFICATION 19ICD FIRST EDITION, XXXX 2019


i

Special Notes

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ii

Foreword

The verbal forms used to express the provisions in this specification are as follows:

— the term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification;

— the term “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification;

— the term “may” is used to express permission or a provision that is optional;

— the term “can” is used to express possibility or capability.

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Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, [email protected].

mailto:[email protected]


iii

Table of Contents

Table of Contents will be generated with Final Page Proofs.


© American Petroleum Institute 1

1 Scope

This specification provides requirements and guidelines for inflow control devices (ICDs) for both production and injection, as defined herein, for use in the petroleum and natural gas industry. This specification provides requirements for the functional specification and technical specification, including design, design verification and validation, materials, documentation and data control, and quality requirements. Products covered by any other API specification, such as sand screens and sliding sleeves are not included. Also not included are externally controlled downhole devices including interval control valves (ICVs). This specification does not cover the connections to the well conduit, the effects of corrosion, or ICDs designated for use in thermal recovery applications. Installation, application, and operation of these products are outside the scope of this specification.

This specification includes the following annexes:

- Annex A: Use of API Monogram by Licensees;

- Annex B: ICD Joint Components and Screen Attributes;

- Annex C: Test Article, Test Fixture and Instrumentation Requirements;

- Annex D: Cavitation Testing;

- Annex E: Validation Test Requirements – ICD Flow Performance Test;

- Annex F: Validation Test Requirements – Device Erosion Test;

- Annex G: Validation Test Requirements – Mud Flow Initiation Test and Sediment Plugging Test;

- Annex H: Validation Test Requirements - Flow Integrity Test;

- Annex I: Validation Test Requirements - Static Pressure Test



2 Normative References

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any addenda) applies.

ANSI/ASQC Z1.4, Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes

ANSI/NCSL Z540-3, Requirements for the Calibration of Measuring and Test Equipment

API 19SS, Sand Screens

API 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing

API 13B-1, Recommended Practice for Field Testing Water-based Drilling Fluids

API 19C, Measurement of and Specification for Proppants Used in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gravel-packing Operations, Second Edition

ASME, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section II-Materials, Part D- Properties (Customary)

ASME, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section II-Materials, Part D, Section V

ASME, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section IX-Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications

ASME, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section V, Nondestructive Examination ASNT SNT-TC-1A, Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing

ASQ H1331, Zero Acceptance Number Sampling Plans

ASTM E165, Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry

ASTM E709, Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing

ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes – Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection

ISO 3452-1, Non-destructive testing — Penetrant testing- Part 1: General Principles

ISO 3601-3, Fluid power systems - O-rings - Part 3: Quality acceptance criteria

ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel

ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

ISO 10893-4, Non-destructive testing of steel tubes- Part 4: Liquid penetrant inspection of seamless and welded steel tubes for the detection of surface imperfections

ISO 10893-5, Non-destructive testing of steel tubes- Part 5: Magnetic particle inspection of seamless and welded ferromagnetic steel tubes for the detection of surface imperfections



3 Terms and Definitions

3.1 Terms and Definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1.1 annulus The space between two concentric objects, such as the clearance between the test fixture ID and the test article OD. 3.1.2 autonomous inflow control device AICD ICD that preferentially restricts the flow of unwanted fluids over wanted fluids based upon the fluid properties and downhole flowing conditions.

3.1.3 back pressure ratio ratio of outlet pressure to the differential pressure across the test article. 3.1.4 basepipe Tubulars that may have perforations or slots to allow fluid flow through the screen jacket.

3.1.5 cavitation Condition where cavities or voids form in liquids that result from rapid drops in local pressure, such as can occur across an ICD and thereby affect flow performance. 3.1.6 common hardware Non-traceable nuts, bolts, set screws, and spacers. 3.1.7 density The ratio of mass divided by volume. 3.1.8 design family ICDs where the configuration, materials, and functionality are the same, and the design stress levels in relation to material mechanical properties are based on the same criteria, but nominal sizes vary, such as basepipe diameter. 3.1.9 design validation Process of proving a design by testing to demonstrate conformity of the product to design requirements. 3.1.10 design verification Process of examining the result of design and development output to determine conformity with specified requirements.



3.1.11 differential pressure pressure drop The difference between the outlet and inlet pressure of the test article, which is used along with volumetric flow rate (and fluid properties) to characterize flow performance.

3.1.12 erodent The solid particulates that make up the slurry used during the erosion test.

3.1.13 erosion The process of abrading or wearing away a solid surface by solid particles due to contact or impact. 3.1.14 erosion test A test to characterize the change in flow performance of a test article caused by material loss due to erosion. 3.1.15 flow initiation pressure The pressure required to cause a substance to flow. 3.1.16 flow integrity rating The maximum flowing pressure which an ICD can operate and still perform within its flow performance. 3.1.17 flow integrity test A test to determine the maximum flowing pressure which an ICD can operate and still perform within its flow performance. 3.1.18 flow meter An instrument used to measure the volumetric or mass flow rate of a fluid. 3.1.19 flow performance The pressure drop vs volumetric flow rate response when flowing fluid through the test article. 3.1.20 flow performance test A test to characterize flow performance of a device, which can be carried out for several ICD element settings or sizes in production or injection direction. 3.1.21 inflow control device ICD A downhole device designed to control the volumetric flow rate of fluids from or to the reservoir based upon an induced pressure drop, without intervention from surface. 3.1.22 ICD element



The specific component of the ICD joint that controls flow by generating a pressure drop response to fluid flow. 3.1.23 ICD joint A complete joint, including connections, that contains one or more ICD elements and any accessories, such as a sand control screen. 3.1.24 ICD settings The number of unique settings available per ICD joint. 3.1.25 inlet pressure The pressure directly upstream of the ICD element as defined by the flow direction. 3.1.26 interval control valve ICV Remotely controlled downhole valve which is permanently installed in a wellbore and is adjustable without physical intervention to regulate fluid flow from and to the reservoir. NOTE: the term regulate may include choking of the flow or on-off functions 3.1.27 manufacturer Principal agent in the design, fabrication and furnishing of equipment, who chooses to comply with this specification. 3.1.28 mass flow rate The amount of mass flowing per unit of time. 3.1.29 mud High density fluid that contains solids and exhibits a Bingham plastic behavior. 3.1.30 Newtonian fluid A fluid the viscosity of which is independent of shear rate (shear stress divided by shear rate is a constant). 3.1.31 non-Newtonian fluid A fluid that exhibits a yield point and/or its viscosity is shear rate dependent. Examples are Bingham, pseudoplastic, and viscoelastic fluids. 3.1.32 outlet pressure The pressure directly downstream of the ICD element as defined by the flow direction.

3.1.33 outlet temperature Temperature of fluid directly downstream of the test fixture as defined by the flow direction.



3.1.34 particle concentration In a given volume of slurry, the mass of the particles divided by the total mass of the slurry (i.e., mass fraction or ppmw). 3.1.35 particle size distribution A distribution of particle diameters representative of a bulk supply of particles and is typically measured via sieve or a laser particle scanning technique which outputs cumulative and incremental fractions by weight versus particle diameter. 3.1.36 plugging test A process of evaluating a drilling mud's potential to plug or influence the performance of the test article. 3.1.37 pressure sensor A sensor used to measure the (gauge) pressure of the fluid within a specific section of the test fixture. 3.1.38 qualified person An individual or individuals with characteristics or abilities gained through training or experience or both as measured against established requirements, such as standards or tests that enable the individual to perform a required function. 3.1.39 rheology The quantitative/mathematical relationship between shear stress and shear rate for a fluid.

3.1.40 static pressure rating The differential pressure rating of the ICD when flow through the ICD element is in the injection direction and intentionally blocked off at the ICD element. 3.1.41 static pressure test A test to determine the differential pressure rating of the ICD when flow through the ICD element is in the injection direction and intentionally blocked off at the ICD element. 3.1.42 substantive design change A change to the design, identified by the supplier/manufacturer, that may affect the performance of the product in the intended service condition. 3.1.43 test article A representative assembly used for ICD testing purposes. 3.1.44 test fixture An assembly which houses a test article. (See Annex C.) 3.1.45



thermal recovery applications An application that intentionally introduces heat to recover hydrocarbons from a reservoir. 3.1.46 type 1 component type 1 weld Component or weld that isolates pressure and/or may be loaded in tension as the result of axial loads. 3.1.47 type 2 component type 2 weld Component or weld that does not meet the criteria of a type 1 weld. 3.1.48 unwanted fluid The fluid type that the ICD preferentially restricts the flow through the device.

3.1.49 viscosity The measure of a fluid’s resistance to shear deformation, usually given in units of centipoise (cP). 3.1.50 volumetric flow rate The volume of fluid flowing per unit of time.

3.1.51 wanted fluid The fluid type that the ICD preferentially allows to flow through the device.



3.2 Abbreviated Terms

AICD – autonomous inflow control device AQL – acceptance quality limit CFD – computational fluid dynamics COC – certificate of conformance dP – differential pressure FEA – finite element analysis ICD – inflow control device ID – inside diameter (in) LB – box handling length (reference figure B.2) LH – ICD housing length (reference figure B.2) LS – length of screen or debris barrier (reference figure B.2) LP – pin handling length (reference figure B.2) MTR - material test report NDE – non-destructive evaluation OD – outside diameter (in) ppm – parts per million (by weight or by volume) ppmw – parts per million by weight SiO2 – silicon dioxide



4 Functional Specification

4.1 General The user/purchaser should provide a functional specification to order products which conform to this specification. The specification shall include the following requirements and operating conditions as the user deems appropriate, and/or may identify the supplier/manufacturer’s specific product. These requirements and operating conditions may be conveyed by means of a dimensional drawing, data sheet, or other suitable documentation and other technical documentation as applicable to the validation grade. 4.2 ICD Type Description ICDs are installed in the completion string to control the inflow or outflow of fluids from or to the reservoir. An ICD may contain moving parts or no moving parts and, once installed, is not connected to surface for adjustability, such as with a permanent electric or hydraulic line.

The user/purchaser should specify: - ICD Service Level: Production, Injection, or Both - ICD Type Classification per Table 1 - ICD Validation Grade per Table 2 - ICD Quality Grade per Table 3

The user/purchaser should provide well parameters, operational parameters, and other relevant parameters, as applicable, according to 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, and 4.6. For all sand screens defined with an ICD, API 19SS may be referenced and applied as required for validation grade and quality grade of the sand screen component. ICDs are classified into three Types shown in Table 1

Table 1 ICD Type Classification

Type 1 An ICD with no moving parts, Such as; a nozzle, orifice, tube or channel.

Type 2N An AICD with no moving parts.

Type 2M An AICD with moving parts.



4.3 Well Parameters The user/purchaser should specify, as applicable, the following well parameters:

- True vertical depth (TVD) and measured depth (MD) - Directional survey of the well with maximum dogleg severity - Fluid type(s) to be controlled - Viscosity of well fluids (oil, gas, water) at reservoir conditions - Density of well fluids (oil, gas, water) at reservoir conditions - Static reservoir pressure - Static reservoir temperature - Future reservoir abandonment pressure - Well head pressure - Artificial lift type - Minimum required tensile and torque ratings for ICD product - Maximum OD for ICD joint - Minimum required internal ID drift for the installed ICD product - Any other relevant well parameter(s)

4.4 Operational Parameters The user/purchaser should specify, as applicable, the following operational parameters:

- ICD Adjustability: wellsite adjustable or non-adjustable - Installation method: tubing or liner deployment - Setting depth, TVD and MD - Number of completion interval compartments - Estimated length of each completion interval compartment - Target fluid rate(s) by compartment with maximum production and/or injection dP across ICDs

during well operation - Stimulation requirements, including maximum injection rates and dP across ICDs during

stimulation - Minimum required burst and collapse ratings for ICD joint - Downhole ICD shut-off capabilities: unique settings, temporary shut-off, or permanent shut-off

4.5 Environmental Compatibility 4.5.1 General Where the user/purchaser has material selection and/or corrosion property data of the operating environment based on historical data and/or research, the user/purchaser may state which material(s) should be used. Otherwise, material compatibility may be specified according to 4.5.2.



4.5.2 Well Conditions The following should be provided by the user/purchaser to ensure compatibility, as applicable:

- Volumetric flow rate range - Pressure range - Temperature range - Well life estimate and solids loading estimate - Production/Injection fluid type(s) - CO2 concentration estimate (%) - H2S concentration estimate (ppm) - Chloride concentration estimate (ppm) - Composition and properties of any additional fluid treatments such as kill pills, solvents, or acids - Exposure contact time duration for stimulation treatments

4.6 Compatibility with Related Well Equipment The following information should be provided by the user/purchaser, as applicable:

- Sand control screen or debris barrier type and micron size (see API Specification 19SS for sand screen types)

- Basepipe size for ICD installation, including pipe OD, weight, and metallurgy - Drift ID of the casing and open hole ID - Minimum restrictions through which the ICD joint must pass (a completion diagram is preferred) - IDs and ODs of tubing and casing sizes - Lengths applicable to the ICD joint - ICD diagnostic plans: pressure/temperature sensors or tracers - Size, type, material, configuration, and connections between product and other well equipment - Size, type, and configuration of other products or tools that pass through or over the product - Size, type, and configuration of other products used in conjunction with this product

4.7 Design Validation Grades The user/purchaser may select the design validation grade V3, V2, or V1 as per Table 2 for each product to be provided. If the user/purchaser does not specify the validation grade, V3 shall apply.

4.8 Quality Grades The user/purchaser may select the quality grade QL3, QL2, or QL1 as per Table 3 for each product that is to be provided. If the user/purchaser does not specify the quality grade, QL3 shall apply.



5 Technical Specification 5.1 General The supplier/manufacturer shall prepare a technical specification, which conforms to the requirements defined in the functional specification. If the technical specification does not fully meet the functional requirements, the supplier/manufacturer shall identify the differences to the user/purchaser. The supplier/manufacturer shall also provide to the user/purchaser the product data sheet as noted in section 6.2.3. ICDs produced according to this specification shall be designed and developed under a quality management system (QMS) that conforms to API Specification Q1. The following technical documentation contains performance and test documentation for the ICD device as applicable to the defined validation grade;

- Operating flow performance curve dP versus Q and basis for curve, including fluid types with viscosities and densities.

- Erosion test minimum/maximum volumetric flow rate and dP - Erosion test duration and sand concentration - Flow initiation pressure(s) - Static pressure rating(s) - Flow integrity test; maximum pressure, rate and duration - Sediment plugging test; pre/post flow performance curves

5.2 Technical Characteristics The following criteria shall be met: The ICD shall perform in accordance with the functional specification and provide predictable flow performance, resistance to erosion and plugging, and shall maintain integrity across the pressure range as applicable to the validation grade. 5.3 Design Requirements 5.3.1 Materials Materials (both metallic and non-metallic) shall be stated by the supplier/manufacturer and shall be suitable for the operational parameters and the environment specified in the functional specification. The supplier/manufacturer shall have documented specifications for all materials except common hardware used in the manufacture of ICD elements and ICD joints. The performance characteristics of the materials shall be suitable for the parameters specified for production or injection or both. The user/purchaser may specify materials for the specific corrosion environment in the functional specification. If the supplier/manufacturer proposes to use another material, the supplier/manufacturer shall provide documented evidence to the user/purchaser for acceptance that this material has



performance characteristics suitable for all requirements specified for the well, including any production/injection parameters. Material types used in the construction of the ICD components shall be provided to the user/purchaser. Basepipe material shall conform to the requirements of API Specification 5CT unless otherwise specified in the functional specification. 5.3.2 Material Substitution Material substitution is a temporary change to a bill of material for a validated component which does not reduce the rating of the product. The manufacturer's selection criteria for these substitutions shall be documented and the substituted material shall conform to the design, functional, and technical requirements of this specification. Material substitutions require approval by a qualified person from the supplier/manufacturer and the supporting documentation shall be incorporated into the manufacturing records for those units affected. In cases where the user/purchaser specifies material(s) of construction, deviations from such materials shall require user/purchaser notification. Material substitutions from the materials used in the validation tested product are allowed without validation. 5.3.3 Metals The supplier’s/manufacturer’s specifications shall define the following, as applicable:

a) Chemical composition limits b) Heat treatment conditions c) Mechanical property limits, as applicable:

I. Tensile strength II. Yield strength III. Elongation IV. Hardness

5.3.4 Non-metals The supplier’s/manufacturer’s documented specifications for non-metallic compounds shall define those characteristics critical to the performance of the material, such as:

- Compound type - Tensile strength (at yield for thermoplastics) - Tensile strength (at break for elastomers) - Elongation at break - Tensile modulus (at 50% or 100% as applicable) - Compression set - Durometer (elastomer/thermoplastics hardness) - Hardness (ceramic/carbides) - Density (ceramic/carbides)

Specifications shall include test methods used for determining the material characteristics.



5.4 Design Verification Design verification shall be performed to ensure that the ICD design meets the supplier’s/manufacturer's technical specifications. Design verification examines the design by evaluating activities such as design reviews, design calculations, validation tests, comparison with similar designs and historical records of defined operating conditions. The supplier/manufacturer shall apply a design margin to each component and/or assembly using a documented methodology and practice. The documented design margins shall be utilized in the creation of component or assembly capabilities and/or ratings. Within each design family, the supplier/manufacturer may utilize FEA, CFD, mechanical strength calculations or other proven methods to determine performance ratings for sizes and similar configurations not tested but shall be within the limitations of scaling as outlined in Section 5.5.4. The material's minimum specified yield strength and minimum specified material conditions shall be used in the calculations, and the calculations shall include consideration of temperature effects. De-rating of metal mechanical properties due to temperature shall be verified by a qualified person and in accordance with; a) industry recognized published data, or b) data established by the supplier/manufacturer, or c) data provided by the material supplier. NOTE; ASME BPVC, Section II, Part D contains temperature de-rated tensile strengths for many materials. 5.5 Design Validation Requirements 5.5.1 General Products shall be supplied to satisfy the design validation grade specified in the functional specification. The supplier/manufacturer shall document the test procedure and results, and shall maintain on file material certifications and drawings that show all the applicable dimensions, materials and tolerances of components contained in the tested product. Pre- and post-test dimensional inspections of critical operational areas, as determined by the supplier/manufacturer, shall be conducted, documented and maintained by the supplier/manufacturer. Validation tests shall be conducted according to the requirements specified in the respective annexes of this specification.

5.5.2 Validation Test Requirements 5.5.2.1 General The supplier/manufacturer shall document all parameters and results of the evaluations that demonstrate conformance to the validation grade. Three design validation grades (V3 to V1) for each flow direction provide the user/purchaser the choice of requirements to meet a specific preference or application.



Design validation grade V3 is the minimum grade and represents equipment whereby the validation method has been defined by the supplier/manufacturer. The complexity and severity of the validation testing increases as the grade number decreases.

5.5.2.2 Validation test requirements for rated functionality The supplier/manufacturer shall meet the validation test requirements specified in the respective annexes to the selected validation grade. Validation depends on the defined direction of flow. The validation grades are as follows:

Supplier/manufacturer shall specify whether the product was validated for production or injection flow or both.

Table 2 Design validation grade for both production and injection

Validation Test

Annex

Design Validation Grade

V3 V2 V1

Flow Performance E Supplier/manufacturer defined

Yes Yes

Erosion F Optional or Supplier/manufacturer

defined

Optional or Supplier/manufacturer

defined

Yes

Plugging G Optional or Supplier/manufacturer

defined

Optional or Supplier/manufacturer

defined

Yes

Flow integrity H Optional or Supplier/manufacturer

defined

Yes Yes

Static Pressure I Optional or Supplier/manufacturer

defined

Yes Yes

NOTE: Optional means that the test is not required.

5.5.2.3 Validation Test Annexes The supplier/manufacturer shall establish values for the flow performance, erosion, plugging, flow integrity and static pressure rating of the ICD, and excluding end connections. The performance values shall be based on results of the validation tests in accordance with the following annexes:

- Annex E. Validation Test Requirements - ICD Flow Performance Test - Annex F. Validation Test Requirements - Erosion Test - Annex G. Validation Test Requirements - Plugging Test - Annex H. Validation Test Requirements - Flow Integrity Test - Annex I. Validation Test Requirements – Static Pressure Test



5.5.2.4 Special Feature Validation A special feature is a component or subassembly that provides a functional capability that is not validated during the validation testing conducted in accordance with Table 2. The supplier/manufacturer shall identify, in design documentation, all special features included in the product design. Special features shall be validated by the supplier/manufacturer to their rated limits, to documented procedures including acceptance criteria and with the design validation records approved by a qualified person other than the individual who created the original design. This validation may include test results, operational histories and evaluations. The supplier/manufacturer's design validation records shall include the design requirements, test procedures, test results or evaluations of special features. The supplier/manufacturer shall identify those special features that shall be included in the functional testing. 5.5.3 Design Changes All design changes shall be documented and reviewed against the design verification and design validation to determine if the change is a substantive change. A substantive change is a change to the design, identified by the supplier/manufacturer that affects the performance of the product in the intended service condition. A design that undergoes a substantive change becomes a new design requiring design verification in accordance with section 5.4 and design validation in accordance with section 5.5. Design changes identified as non-substantive are valid with proper documentation and justification. It is the supplier/manufacturer’s responsibility to provide evidence on how the device was validated/proved if the change was identified as non-substantive. The supplier/manufacturer shall, as a minimum consider the following for each design change:

- Interchangeability of the replaced or changed components/subassembly relative to the base design

- Material changes - Functional changes - Dimensional changes - Design intent

5.5.4 Design Validation by Scaling Scaling is the process by which the performance ratings of untested ICD designs may be determined based on the results of validation-tested ICD designs within a design family. The supplier/manufacturer may apply flow performance, erosion, plugging and pressure ratings for different ICD settings and basepipe sizes within a design family. Limitations on Scaling are included within Annexes E, F, G, H and I. Scaling requires approval by a qualified person from the supplier/manufacturer and the supporting documentation incorporated into the design package documentation.



6 Supplier/Manufacturing Requirements 6.1 General This section contains the detailed requirements to verify that each product manufactured meets the requirements of the functional and technical specifications. These include requirements for documentation and data control, product identification, quality control and functional testing. The supplier/manufacturer shall have a quality management system (QMS) in conformance with API Specification Q1. 6.2 Documentation and Data Control 6.2.1 General The supplier/manufacturer shall establish and maintain documented procedures to control all documents and data that relate to the requirements of this specification. These documents and data shall be maintained to demonstrate conformance to specified requirements. All documents and data shall be legible and shall be stored and retained in such a way that they are readily retrievable in facilities that provide a suitable environment to prevent damage or deterioration and to prevent loss. Documents and data may be in any form or type of media, such as hard copy or electronic media. All documents and data shall be available and auditable by the user/purchaser. All documentation and data associated with design verification (see 5.4), design validation (see 5.5), design change justification (see 5.5.3), and the design file shall be maintained for 10 years after date of last manufacture. Quality documentation includes all documents and data necessary to demonstrate conformance to all of section 6.4. Quality documentation shall be retained by the supplier/manufacturer for a minimum of 5 years from date of manufacture or repair. These shall be available and auditable by the user/purchaser. Documentation of designs shall include:

- Design requirements, including those pressures, operational loads, material, environmental and other pertinent requirements on which the design is based

- Design criteria, including assumptions - Functional and technical specifications - Design drawings and manufacturing specifications - Material specifications and certifications, including yield strength as applicable - Design verification evaluation - Design validation testing procedures, acceptance criteria and approved results - Pre and post inspection results for the components/assemblies that were utilized for the validation

testing, including actual dimensions of the critical dimensions - All reporting required by the annexes for the specific validation grade - Instructions providing methods for the safe assembly and disassembly of the product and stating

the operations that are permitted, as applicable - Operating manual

Design documentation showing conformance to the design requirements, including annexes, shall be retained for a minimum of ten years from the last date of manufacture of that particular design.



6.2.2 Operating Manual An operating manual shall be available for all products supplied in accordance with this specification. Operating manuals shall contain at least the following information:

- Manual reference number and revision - Operational procedures and related tools - Pre-installation inspection procedures - Representative drawing showing major dimensions (ODs, IDs, and lengths) - Requirements for handling, shipment, and storage

6.2.3 Product Specification Data Sheet Product data sheets for each product shall be supplied for quality grade QL1 or as requested by the user/purchaser and shall contain the following information, as applicable:

- Name and address of supplier/manufacturer - Supplier/manufacturer assembly or part number - Supplier/manufacturer product name - Product type (Type 1, Type 2N or Type 2M) - Service level: producer, injector, or both - Validation grade: (V1, V2 or V3) - Quality grade: QL1, QL2 or QL3 - Materials description - Max OD - Overall length - Basepipe size - Temperature range - Static pressure rating - Flow integrity rating - Erosion volumetric flow rate and differential pressure ratings, test duration and test sand

concentration Additional ICD joint information, as applicable:

- Product type - Materials description - External drift diameter - Internal drift diameter - Max OD (without centralizers) - Max OD (with centralizers) - Filter assembly OD - ICD housing OD - Joint overall length - Screen jacket length - Basepipe nominal size (screen size), material, grade, mass - Basepipe end connections - Screen type (mesh or wire wrap) - Pore size (mesh) or slot size (wire wrap) - API Specification 19SS validation and quality grade



- Centralizer details; quantity, location, type/configuration

6.3 Product Identification Each product furnished to this specification shall be permanently identified according to the supplier/manufacturer’s specifications. The manufacturer’s specifications shall define the type, method of application and location of the identifications. The following information shall be included as a minimum:

- Manufacturer identification - Manufacturer part number - Job lot trace number - Product type (Type 1, Type 2N or Type 2M) - Service level: producer, injector, or both - Validation grade: (V1, V2 or V3) - Quality grade (QL1, QL2, or QL3) - For quality grade QL1, a unique serial number providing traceability

6.4 Quality Requirements 6.4.1 General This specification provides for three grades of quality control requirements, which allows the user/purchaser to select the grade that is required for a specific application. Quality grade QL3 is the minimum level of quality offered by the specification and is consistent with quality grades that are minimum industry practice. Quality grade QL2 provides additional inspection and verification steps, and quality grade QL1 is the highest grade provided by this specification. If user/purchase does not define quality grade, QL3 shall be the minimum. Quality control requirements are summarized in Table 3 and detailed in section 6.4.2 through section 6.4.11.

Table 3 Summary of Type 1, 2N, and 2M ICD’s Quality Requirements

Requirements

Quality Grade

QL3 QL2 QL1 Ref.

Certification

Material certification COC or MTR COC or MTR MTRa 6.4.3.1

Thread certification COC COC COC 6.4.3.2

Component Traceability

ICD housing basepipe

Job lot Job lot Serialized 6.4.4



All other ICD componentsa Job lot Job lot Job lot 6.4.4

ICD components/elements inspection

ID drift basepipe after perforating

Supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications

ID drift per API 5CT Sampling plan

100% 6.4.5

Visually inspect basepipe perforations pattern


Sampling plan 100% 6.4.5

Visually inspect basepipe perforations for burrs



All other componentsa Supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications

Sampling plan Sampling plan 6.4.5

Hardness

type 1 components None Job lot Job lot 6.4.6

type 2 components None None None 6.4.6

NDE Components

type 1 components None Sampling plan 100% 6.4.7.2

type 2 components None None

Visual per supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications

6.4.7.2

NDE Welds and Brazing

type 1 welds


Sampling plan 100% 6.4.8.2

type 2 welds




6.4.8.2

type 1 braze joints



Visual per 6.4.8.2

6.4.8.2



Assembly Verification

ICD joint dimensions Supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications


ID drift OD drift



Threads (visual inspection) Supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications


100% 6.4.9

Assembly traceability Job lot Job lot Serialized 6.4.10

Product data sheet Upon request form user/purchaser Upon request form user/purchaser Required

a Not applicable for common hardware.

Note: See section 6.4.2 for sampling plan requirements

6.4.2 Sampling Plans Sampling plans shall meet one of the following requirements: - ISO 2859-1 with a minimum 2.5 AQL, Inspection Level II, Normal Table utilizing c=0 for all lot sizes

- ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 with a minimum 2.5 AQL, Inspection Level II, Normal Table utilizing c=0 for all lot

sizes

- ASQ H1331 with an index level of 2.5

- Equivalent sampling specifications may be utilized provided the average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) is the same or better and the acceptance number (c) = 0

6.4.3 Certification 6.4.3.1 Material certification Material used in the manufacture of components shall meet the following requirements: QL2 and QL3: COC stating that the material meets the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications or MTR showing conformance to the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications

QL1: MTR for all components, except common hardware, so that the supplier/manufacturer can verify that the material meets the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications



MTRs provided by the material sub supplier or the supplier/manufacturer are acceptable documentation of mechanical properties. MTRs shall be legible and reproducible and shall be an original or direct copy of a document unaltered as issued by its source. 6.4.3.2 Thread certification Basepipe threads shall be provided with a COC stating that each thread conforms to the thread manufacturer's specifications.

6.4.4 Component traceability Component traceability shall meet the following requirements. QL1 and QL2: All components, except common hardware, shall be job-lot traceable QL1: All components, except common hardware, shall be job-lot traceable; ICD housing and basepipe shall be serialized.

6.4.5 Component Inspection Component inspection shall meet the following requirements QL3: All components shall be inspected in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria

QL2: ID drift of the basepipe shall be inspected after perforation in accordance with the requirements of API Specification 5CT in accordance with a sampling plan in meeting the requirements of 6.4.2. Visually inspect basepipe per a sampling plan in accordance with 6.4.2 (minimum 1 for lot sizes of fewer than 10) in each basepipe job lot in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria to verify the perforation pattern and that all perforations are clear of burrs.

Dimensionally inspect all other components, except common hardware, per a sampling plan defined in 6.4.2.

QL1:

ID drift 100% of the basepipe after perforation in accordance with the requirements of API Specification 5CT.



Visually inspect 100% of the basepipe in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria to verify the perforation pattern and that all perforations are clear of burrs.

Dimensionally inspect all other components, except common hardware, per a sampling plan defined in 6.4.2. 6.4.6 Hardness Hardness inspection shall meet the following requirements: Type 2 components do not require hardness inspection for all quality grades. QL3: Type 1 components do not require hardness inspection. QL1 and QL2: Type 1 components shall be inspected per job lot. 6.4.7 NDE General 6.4.7.1 General Visual inspection and either magnetic particle inspection or liquid penetrant inspection shall be performed in the final material condition. Surface NDE shall be performed on all external surfaces and to the maximum extent on internal surfaces. Magnetic particle inspection shall meet the requirements of an international or national standard such as ISO 10893-5 or ASTM E709. Liquid penetrant inspection shall meet the requirements of an international or national standard such as ISO 3452-1 or ASTM E165. NDE acceptance criteria shall be according to the supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications. All NDE procedures shall be approved by a Level III examiner qualified in accordance with ASNT SNT-TC-1A, ISO 9712, or equivalent national or international standard. 6.4.7.2 NDE Components NDE for nonmetallic components shall be visual inspection, in accordance with ISO 3601-3 or equivalent. Visual inspection of components other than O-rings shall be in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications. Type 2 components do not require NDE inspection for QL3 and QL2. QL3:



Type 1 components do not require NDE inspection. QL2: Type 1 components shall be NDE inspected using liquid penetrant or magnetic particle methods per a sampling plan that meets the requirements of an international or national standard such as ISO 2859-1 or ANSI/ASQ Z1.4. QL1; Type 1 components shall be 100 % inspected using liquid penetrant or magnetic particle methods and visual inspection. Type 2 components shall be visually inspected per the supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications. 6.4.8 Welding and Brazing 6.4.8.1 General Welding shall conform to the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications. Welding and brazing shall meet the following requirements: Welding and brazing procedures, qualifications, and personnel qualification shall be in accordance with ASME BPVC, Section IX

Material and practices not listed in the ASME BPVC, Section IX shall be applied using weld procedures qualified in accordance with the methods of ASME BPVC, Section IX Weld repair shall be restricted to the weld only.

6.4.8.2 NDE Welds and Brazing Type 2 welds for all quality grades shall be visually inspected per supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications. QL3: Type 1 welds shall be visually inspected per supplier/manufacturer’s documented specifications. QL2: Type 1 welds shall be visually inspected per the requirements of an international or national standard such as ASME BPVC, Section V, Article 9. Type 1 welds shall be visually inspected per a sampling plan defined in 6.4.2. Type 1 welds shall be NDE inspected using liquid penetrant or magnetic particle methods per a sampling plan that meets the requirements of an international or national standard such as ISO 2859-1 or ANSI/ASQ Z1.4. QL1:



Type 1 welds shall be visually inspected per the requirements of an international or national standard such as ASME BPVC, Section V, Article 9. Type 1 welds shall be visually inspected 100%. Type 1 welds shall be 100 % inspected using liquid penetrant or magnetic particle methods and visual inspection. Type 1 Braze joints for QL1 shall be visually inspected under 10X magnification as follows: - Where possible, both sides of each brazed joint shall be examined. - There shall be evidence that the brazing filler metal has penetrated the joint. In a butt joint there shall

be no concavity. - The presence of a crack in the braze shall be cause for rejection. - Pinholes or open defects in the braze shall be cause for rejection. - Defects in the braze may be repaired or rebrazed. 6.4.9 Assembly Verification Assembly verification shall meet the following requirements: QL3:

Verify the ICD LS, LP, LB, LH, OD and OAL in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria.

ID drift of the basepipe shall be inspected after perforation in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria. OD drift shall be inspected in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria. All threads shall be visually inspected in accordance with the supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications and acceptance criteria. QL2:

Verify the ICD LS, LP, LB, LH, OD and OAL in accordance with a sampling plan in meeting the requirements of 6.4.2.

ID drift of the basepipe shall be inspected after perforation in accordance with the requirements of API Specification 5CT in accordance with a sampling plan in meeting the requirements of 6.4.2. OD drift shall be inspected in accordance with supplier/manufacturer procedure to a sampling plan meeting the requirements of 6.4.2. All threads shall be visually inspected in accordance with supplier/manufacturer procedure.

QL1:

Verify the ICD LS, LP, LB, LH, OD and OAL on 100% of the ICD assemblies. ID drift 100% the basepipe after perforation in accordance with the requirements of API Specification 5CT.

OD drift shall be 100% inspected in accordance with supplier/manufacturer procedure.



All threads shall be 100% visually inspected. 6.4.10 Assembly Traceability Assembly traceability shall meet the following requirements: QL2 and QL3:

ICD or ICD joint assemblies shall be job lot traceable

QL1:

ICD or ICD joint assemblies shall be individually serialized

6.4.11 Quality Control Documentation Documentation showing conformance to the manufacturing requirements of this specification shall be retained for a minimum of five years from the date of manufacture. Quality control documentation includes all documents and data necessary to demonstrate conformance to sections 6.4.2 through 6.4.10.

6.4.12 Calibration Systems Equipment used to inspect, test or examine material or other equipment shall be identified, controlled, calibrated and adjusted at specified intervals in accordance with documented manufacturer instructions and consistent with nationally or internationally recognized standards, such as ISO/IEC 17025 or ANSI/NCSL Z540-3, to maintain the accuracy required by this specification. Technologies for inspections with verifiable accuracies equal to or better than those listed in this specification may be applied with appropriate documentation and when approved by a qualified person(s). Calibration intervals for measuring and test equipment shall be established based on repeatability, amount of usage, environment and history for that type of instrument. For standard, adjustable, hand measurement tools the initial calibration interval shall be three months until a recorded calibration history for that instrument can be established. Intervals may then be lengthened or shortened. The calibration interval cannot be increased by more than twice the previous interval and shall not exceed more than one year. Non-standard or non-adjustable measurement devices such as surface plates, threaded plug/ring gauges, coordinate measuring machine (CMMs), optical comparators, etc. shall be calibrated initially and the calibration interval set based on equipment type, usage, and operating environment. Calibration intervals shall not exceed five years for this type of equipment.

Calibration standards used to calibrate measuring equipment shall be checked and approved at least once every three years by qualified individuals using qualified equipment with traceability to the applicable national or international standards agency.



Instruments and calibration standards that have not been used during the calibration interval and that have been maintained in accordance with proper practice may have their calibration cycle extended for an amount equal to the designated cycle. Inspection, measurement, and testing equipment shall only be used within the calibrated range. Pressure measuring devices shall be calibrated with a master pressure measuring device or a dead weight tester. Calibration intervals for pressure measuring devices shall be a maximum of three months until documented calibration history can be established. Calibration intervals shall then be established based on repeatability, degree of usage, environment, and documented history.

6.4.13 Personnel Qualification 6.4.13.1 General Personnel performing inspections for acceptance shall be qualified in accordance with supplier/manufacturer's documented specifications. For the purpose of this specification, certification to ISO 9712/ASNT SNT-TC-1A for visual inspection is not required. 6.4.13.2 Non-destructive Examination Personnel Personnel performing NDE shall be qualified in accordance with the manufacturer's documented training program that is based on the requirements specified in ISO 9712/ASNT SNT-TC-1A. 6.4.13.3 Vision Examination Personnel performing visual inspection for acceptance shall take and pass an annual vision examination in accordance with the manufacturer's documented procedures that meet the applicable requirements of ISO 9712/ASNT SNT-TC-1A. 6.4.13.4 Welding Inspectors Personnel performing visual inspections of welding or brazing operations and completed welds / braze joints shall be qualified and certified as:

a) AWS-certified welding inspector, or b) AWS-senior certified welding inspector, or c) AWS-certified associate welding inspector, or d) Welding (or brazing) inspector certified by the manufacturer's documented training program.



Annex A (informative)

API Monogram Program Use of API Monogram by Licensees

To be populated prior to publication.



Annex B (informative)

ICD Joint Components and Screen Attributes

This annex includes descriptions of ICD joint components, descriptions and dimensions.

Figures B.1 and B.2 are illustrations of examples of ICD configurations showing components and dimensions.

Figure B.1 Examples of ICD Joint Showing ICD Components



a) ICD element: flow-regulating component(s).

b) Basepipe: The pipe, including connections, on which is mounted all ICD components.

c) Filter assembly: The sand control screen or debris barrier that is often integrated with the ICD to provide wellbore sand retention and/or protect the ICD from larger solids (see API Specification 19SS).

d) ICD housing: External structure that houses the ICD component(s).

e) End ring: A ring that is located at the end of the filter assembly and seals off the gap between the filtration unit and basepipe so as to not let unwanted solids pass.

f) Bypass ring (if applicable): A ring that allows fluid to flow between the ICD and filter assembly. This may or may not be part of the housing, depending on the filtration unit type.

Note: Figure B.1 is an example for reference only; individual designs can vary.

Figure B.2 ICD Joint Dimensions



Annex C

(normative) Test Article, Test Fixture and Instrumentation Requirements

C.1 General This annex summarizes related equipment and instrumentation requirements to ensure accurate and representative measurements in the ICD test procedures described in this specification. C.2 Test Article and Test Fixture C.2.1 Test Article The test article shall meet the following requirements: a) Consist of a basepipe section including the ICD element, the ICD housing, the attachments to the basepipe with attachment method, and bypass ring (if applicable). b) Exclude the screen or debris filter section unless required. If included, filter section micron rating should be sized to avoid plugging. c) Manufactured in accordance with the design to be validated. d) Manufactured per QL1. C.2.2 Test Fixture A representative test article inside a test fixture is illustrated in Figure C.1. The design of the test fixture shall consider minimizing the pressure drop in the annulus between the fixture and test article. For the erosion test, the design of the test fixture shall also consider minimizing settling of the sand. The production direction is from the right to the left (Figure C.1), the test fluid enters the ICD housing from the annulus between basepipe OD and the test fixture ID and exits from the basepipe. For injection direction, the test fluid passes through the test article and test fixture in reverse direction. Pressure shall be recorded in low velocity zones inside the test fixture, avoiding the obstruction of any flow path. The entire test assembly shall be filled with test fluid, avoiding air pockets. Table C.1 summarizes orientation requirements for the test article and the test fixture depending on the testing program and the ICD type as defined in section 4, Table 1.



Production Orientation

Injection Orientation

Key

A- Inlet B- ICD Test Article C- Test Fixture D- Outlet

Figure C.1 Representative test article



Table C.1 Summary of ICD Element position and test fixture orientation for annex tests

Annex ICD Type Type 1 Type 2N Type 2M

Cavitation (Annex D)

Not Specified Not Specified Horizontal Positions P1 and P3

Flow Performance (Annex E)

Not Specified Not Specified Horizontal Positions P1, P2, and P3

Erosion (Annex F)

Vertical Vertical Vertical

Plugging (Annex G)

Horizontal Positions P2 or P3

Horizontal Positions P2 or P3

Horizontal Positions P1 and P3

Flow Integrity (Annex H)

Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified

Static Pressure (Annex I)

Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified

Figure C.2 Test Fixture orientation (cross-section)



. C.3 Instrumentation Requirements The test facility instrumentation for all tests in this document shall meet the requirements listed below:

- The instrumentation for mass or volumetric flow rate shall be appropriate for the fluid type and range of mass or volumetric flow rates expected. Different types of flow meters may be needed for different fluids, and different sized meters may be needed for different ranges of flow rate

- Flow meter to measure mass or volumetric flow rate of the test fluid to an accuracy of +/- 2% of mass or volumetric flow rate reading or better. Measured mass or volumetric flow rates should be within the operating range of the flow meter as specified by the manufacturer

- Pressure shall be measured with pressure transducers of an established accuracy of +/- 2% or better of the reading.

- Temperature shall be measured with an accuracy of +/- 4 degrees Fahrenheit or better reading.

- Data acquisition sampling rate should be a minimum frequency of 1 Hz

- Measurement devices shall be calibrated as described in section 6.4.12.



Annex D (normative)

Cavitation Testing

D.1 General This annex specifies the test method requirements for determining the back-pressure ratio to minimize the effects of liquid cavitation across the ICD. ICD cavitation will affect the flow testing results listed in this specification. Cavitation testing is required for all devices. For Type 2M and Type 2N devices, the flow test results may not stabilize as required in the test procedure and the supplier/manufacturer will specify the back-pressure ratio to be used for further validation testing. D.2 Cavitation Test D.2.1 General A cavitation test consists of flowing the test fluid through the ICD in production and/or injection direction at varying outlet pressures to determine the back-pressure ratio that minimizes the effects of cavitation. This back-pressure ratio shall be used, at minimum, during the flow performance and erosion tests.

D.2.2 Cavitation Test Requirements During data collection periods, either the volumetric flow rate or differential pressure will be specified to be the parameter to be controlled. The control parameter shall be stable per the following:

i) If the control parameter is the volumetric flow rate, the volumetric flow rate shall remain within 2% of the specified volumetric flow rate or +/- 0.1 gpm (gallons per minute), whichever is greater.

ii) If the control parameter is the differential pressure, the differential pressure must remain within 4% of the specified differential pressure.

During any period of data collection at a specific differential pressure and/or volumetric flow rate, upstream temperature fluctuations shall not exceed a temperature range that will result in a viscosity fluctuation of +/- 5%, for viscosities below 5 centipoises, and +/- 7% for viscosities above 5 centipoises.

NOTE: Fluctuations in flow conditions may be the result of the test facility rather than the ICD. A bypass line may determine the source of the fluctuation.

D.2.3 Test Fluid Property Characterization Direct measurements or an indirect correlation shall be used to report the actual viscosity and density of the test fluids entering the ICD during a flow test. This correlation may be interpolated but not extrapolated. The correlation shall be representative of actual test temperature for liquids and/or test temperature and system pressure for gases.



D.2.4 Cavitation Test Procedure D.2.4.1 General For each ICD product, the available ICD settings (e.g. nozzle size or flow path) shall be tested and characterized separately in the direction of rated service; production, injection, or both. For each test fluid, a minimum of two differential pressures, or volumetric flow rates, distributed across the operating range from minimum to maximum differential pressure shall be tested. For Type 2M or 2N devices that do not stabilize, the supplier manufacturer shall document the back-pressure ratio specified for testing. Test procedure for each test fluid: a) Install test sample with the appropriate ICD setting into test fixture and ensure proper sealing. b) Depending on the desired flow direction (production versus injection), connect test fixture to the flow loop. c) Bleed air within the test fixture. d) For oil-based fluids, capture a sample from the flow loop after the flow loop has been filled with the test fluid and system volume recirculated at least three times. Results of sample analysis shall be used to characterize the test fluid. e) Begin circulating the test fluid, adjusting the rate to achieve the desired differential pressure, or volumetric flow rate, across the test article. f) Identify a back-pressure ratio required to minimize cavitation per D.2.4.2 or D.2.4.3. D.2.4.2 Fixed Differential Pressure Method Test procedure: a) Establish desired differential pressure across the ICD with minimal back pressure applied. b) Increase the outlet pressure at a minimum of 30 psi increments, while maintaining a fixed differential pressure, until a 2% or less change in volumetric flow rate is achieved. c) Maintain stable flow for at least three minutes, record temperature and pressures. d) Repeat for a minimum of two different outlet pressure points that results in less than 2% change in volumetric flow rate. e) Record the back-pressure ratio across the test article that is required to minimize cavitation. D.2.4.3 Fixed Volumetric Flow Rate Method



Test procedure: a) Establish desired flow rate across the ICD with minimal back pressure applied. b) Increase the outlet pressure at a minimum of 30 psi increments, while maintaining a fixed flow rate, until a 4% or less change in differential pressure is achieved. c) Maintain stable flow for at least three minutes, record temperature and pressures. d) Repeat for a minimum of two different outlet pressure points that results in less than 4% change in differential pressure. e) Record the back-pressure ratio across the test article that is required to minimize cavitation.

D.3 Cavitation Test Report The following information shall, as a minimum, be reported: a) fluid density and viscosity at each inlet test temperature b) inlet and outlet pressure b) inlet temperature c) volumetric flow rate d) minimum back pressure ratio required to minimize the effects of cavitation



Annex E (normative)

Validation Test Requirements – ICD Flow Performance Test

E.1 General This annex provides test requirements and test protocols to characterize the flow performance of ICDs for single-phase flow including water, oil, or gas as test fluids. This annex is not applicable for multi-phase flow performance testing. E.2 ICD Flow Performance Test E.2.1 General For production ICDs, flow performance needs to be evaluated in a production direction from annulus between the test fixture ID and test sample OD into the basepipe. For injection, the flow direction needs to be reversed (from basepipe ID to the annulus between the test fixture ID and test sample OD). E.2.2 ICD Flow Performance Test Requirements The system pressure shall be as follows: a) For liquids, the required outlet pressure to avoid cavitation shall be determined according to Annex D. b) For gases, the system upstream pressure shall be:

I. at an upstream pressure (and temperature) to replicate the gas properties (density and/or dynamic viscosity) anticipated under service conditions; or II. at the maximum operating pressure rating of the ICD as specified by the manufacturer

c) For gases, the minimum downstream test pressure shall be:

I. at a value equal to one-half of the upstream pressure to replicate critical flow (gas velocity at sonic velocity somewhere in the device); or II. at a value equal to the upstream pressure minus the maximum operating differential pressure rating of the ICD as specified by the manufacturer; or III. at a value that will result in the maximum operating flow rating of the ICD (at the test upstream pressure and temperature conditions), as specified by the manufacturer

The test conditions shall follow the guidelines specified below:



Testing shall be performed at an upstream temperature that is needed to obtain the fluid properties of interest (dynamic viscosity, density, etc.) unless the ICD device has a specific temperature dependent effect which requires the test to be performed at an upstream temperature similar to those expected in service, or at a temperature range suitable to demonstrate the temperature dependent effect. Testing shall be performed at stable flow conditions

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