Infancy and Toddler Hood Presentation

8/8/2019 Infancy and Toddler Hood Presentation

1/15

PHYSICAL, MENTAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Prepared By:

MT Garchitorena

INFANCY AND TODDLERHOODINFANCY AND TODDLERHOOD


2/15

Infant Growth and DevelopmentPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTInfant growth is determined genetically, and varies

according to an infant's nutritional input.y First Mon th - the infant's musculature adapts from

limitations imposed by the fetal position to one that

allows greater flexion of elbows, hips, and knees.y Two Mon ths:

R aises headOpens hands

Smiles Vocalizes in response to stimuliFollows objects with gaze


3/15

Cont...

y 4-6 mon thsR eaches and brings his hands togetherCoordination is better

y 6 mon ths SitsSupports his full weight with legs

y 8 -9 mon ths sits unassisted andunsupportedy 9 mon ths

P ulls himself to a standing positionCrawls on abdomen

y A t the end of their first year , the culm ina ti on of d eve lopm e n t in ske let al , mu s cula r , and n e u ral syste m s allow s infan ts t o ma ke the criti cal tr an siti on t owal ki ng up ri g ht


4/15


5/15

Cont...

S t ag e 3y 4 8 mon ths

Begins to perform some actions onexternal objects without consideringphysical needs. *T ries to search with his/her hands andmouth and starts testing the object.T ries to grab the objects which are in hisor her direct line of vision.T ries to add vowels and consonants to

make nonsense words.By the end of this stage, the baby canunderstand some simple words and thebaby tries to use the words in order torepresent the objects.


6/15

Cont...

S t ag e 4y 8 12 mon thsy Begins to accept more complicated

means - end behavior. *y Learns that objects does not disappear

when they are out of sight y T ries to search for the objects that have

been hidden.y Starts to use real words and when he or

she reaches the end of the first year, an

infant is able to talk up to dozen words.y Infants at this stage are able to

understand more language than theycan speak. Up to the end of first year,they can point to desired objects.


7/15

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

1-2 Months y Socialization is based around activities of feeding, sleeping,

elimination, and body positioning.y Begins early stages of learning to self - regulate. *y R eacts to paper being put over his or her face and shows

recognition to mother or other familiar and favoritecaregivers.

3 -4 Months y R eaches for familiar people.y Identifies self in mirror.y P lays actively with small toy.y P lays by pulling something over face (peek - a - boo).y P lays while propped with toys for 10 - 15 minutes.


8/15

Con t...

5 -6 Mon t hs y Begins exchanging interactions with the caregiver. *y Begins cooperating with spoon feeding, dressing, and other

daily activities.y Exhibits common behaviors * 7- 9 Months y Begins to initiate activities. *y Exhibits common behaviors *10 12 Months y Begins checking self need against caregiver availability *y Exhibits common behaviors *


9/15

TODDLER S GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

y W hen children learn to walk, they arecalled toddlers. (1 -2 years old)

y T he toddler stage is very important ina child's life. *

y This growth is different for each child.

y Children have their own timetable.y One major task for the toddler is to

learn to be independent. T hat is why

toddlers want to do things forthemselves, have their own ideasabout how things should happen, anduse "NO" many times each day.


10/15

ONE YEAR OLD

P hysical D evelopmen t y T oddlers may eat less, but they tend to eat

frequently throughout the day.y T hey may grow less quickly than during

infancy.y

Most walk without support by 14 months.y Most walk backward and up steps by 22

months.y T hey can drink from a cup with help.y

T hey can scribble.y T hey can stack blocks.


11/15

S oc ia l a nd Emo ti onal Developmen t y T emper tantrums are common.y T hey have difficulty sharing toys.y T hey may be possessive.y T hey want to do things independently.y T hey cannot remember rules.y T hey show increasing fears.y T hey have rapid mood shifts.y R outines are very important.y T hey enjoy playing by themselves or beside (not with) other

children.y T hey view themselves as the center of the world.y T hey may continuously ask for their parents.y T hey become increasingly more self - aware.


12/15

I n t ellec tu al Developmen t y T oddlers name familiar people and objects.y T heir attention span is short.y T hey are curious.y T hey use "NO" frequently.y T hey point to objects that they want.y T hey name body parts and familiar pictures.y T hey imitate animal sounds.y T hey use pronouns me and mine.y T hey can hold a pencil and scribble.y T hey combine two words to form a basic sentence.y T hey point to objects that they want.y T hey use objects for their intended purpose.y T hey begin to include a second person in pretend play.


13/15

TWO YEARS OLD

P hysic al Developmen t y

T hey stand on tip toes.y T hey throw balls and kick them forward.y T hey walk, run, climb, walk up and down

stairs alone and dig.y T hey jump with two feet together.y hey feel discomfort with wet or soiled

diapers.y T hey start to show an interest in toilet

training.y T hey take things apart and put them backtogether.y T hey like to screw and unscrew lids.y Children are generally more active than at

any other point in their lives.


14/15

S oc i al and Emo ti onal Developmen t y T hey try to assert themselves by saying "No."y T hey like to imitate the behavior of adults and others.y T hey want to help with household tasks.y T hey begin to play simple pretend games.y T heir fantasy play is very short and simple.y It does not involve others.y T hey sometimes do the opposite of what is asked.y T hey are generally very self - centered and sharing is still difficult.y T hey enjoy playing near other children.y T hey refuse to help.y T hey are more sure of themselves than one - year - old children.y T hey become frustrated easily.y T hey still need security.


15/15

Cont...

I n t ellec tu al Developmen t y T hey express their feelings and wishes.y T hey follow simple directions.y T hey still have a very limited attention

span.y T hey use three or more words in

combination.y T hey can memorize short rhymes.y T hey can join in simple songs.y T hey have trouble making choices, but they

want to make choices.y T hey begin to think about doing something

before doing it

Infancy and Toddler Hood Presentation

Documents

Transcript of Infancy and Toddler Hood Presentation